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cs100 2014F Lecture 02 Turtles

The document discusses the Python turtle graphics module. It introduces turtle graphics and how to import and use the turtle module to create a screen and turtle objects. It then explains how to control turtle movement and properties and provides examples of drawing shapes with methods like forward, right, and color.

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Durga Devi P
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28 views11 pages

cs100 2014F Lecture 02 Turtles

The document discusses the Python turtle graphics module. It introduces turtle graphics and how to import and use the turtle module to create a screen and turtle objects. It then explains how to control turtle movement and properties and provides examples of drawing shapes with methods like forward, right, and color.

Uploaded by

Durga Devi P
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CS 100: Roadmap to Computing

Fall 2014
Lecture 02: Fun With Turtles
Introduction to Computing Using Python

Python Data Types (3): Turtle Graphics

 Objects and Classes


 Python Standard Library
 Turtle Graphics
Introduction to Computing Using Python

Python Standard Library


Quick task: Look up
• In addition to built-in data types (number, three modules that have
Boolean, string, list) Python has a large library names that interest you
and see what data types
of other data types – the Python Standard and functions they
Library contain.

Hint: you might try


• You can find a list of these ‘modules’ here random, urllib or pickle,
for example
Help -> Python docs -> Global Module Index
Share the one you like
• Each module is a file of Python code that best with the person
sitting next to you.
contains definitions of one (or more) data
type(s), functions (methods) that you can
perform on objects of that type, and possibly
data (like the value of pi)
Introduction to Computing Using Python

Turtle Graphics Module

• Find and open the documentation for the turtle


module
• Look up turtle info in this document as we
discuss turtle graphics
• Turtle graphics are a simple but powerful way
to draw things on a coordinate plane
• To get started, import the turtle module.
• The Python Standard Library is contained in the
standard distribution, but you must import any
module that you want to use

>>> import turtle


Introduction to Computing Using Python

Turtle Graphics Module

• Turtle graphics are a simple but powerful way


to draw things on a coordinate plane, using a
drawing pen (a turtle)
• Open the documentation for the turtle module,
and refer to it as we discuss turtle graphics
• The Python Standard Library is contained in the
standard distribution, but you must import any
module in it before you can use it
• To get started, import the turtle module
(below)

>>> import turtle


>>>
Introduction to Computing Using Python

Turtle Graphics Module

• The turtle module defines a some new classes


of graphical things
• Once you’ve imported the turtle module, you
can create a graphics screen and a turtle (a
whimsical name for a drawing pen), using their
constructors
• Note: The constructor syntax is
variableName = moduleName.ClassName()

Screen
constructor >>> import turtle
>>> aScreen = turtle.Screen()
>>> shelly = turtle.Turtle()
Turtle
constructor
Introduction to Computing Using Python

Moving a Turtle

• A turtle has a position and an orientation on a


graphics screen
• Change shelly’s position with a forward (or
back) statement
• Change shelly’s orientation with a right or left
statement

>>> import turtle


>>> aScreen = turtle.Screen()
>>> shelly = turtle.Turtle()
>>> shelly.forward(100)
>>> shelly.right(90)
Introduction to Computing Using Python

A Fancier Turtle

• A turtle also has color and width attributes that


you can change
• A method (function) that applies to a particular
object uses the dot operator, with the syntax
objectName.method(parameterList)

>>> shelly.color('blue')
>>> shelly.width(10)
Introduction to Computing Using Python

A Fat Blue Triangle

• Save this example as a Python file and run it

blueT = Turtle()
blueT.color('blue')
blueT.width(10)
blueT.forward(100)
blueT.right(120)
blueT.forward(100)
blueT.right(120)
blueT.forward(100)
blueT.right(120)
Introduction to Computing Using Python

Some turtle methods


Usage Explanation

forward() | bk() move the turtle


right() | left() rotate the turtle
circle() lstdraw a circle
up() | down() raise/lower the drawing pen
goto() move to x, y coordinate
setheading() set turtle orientation
showturtle() | hideturtle() set turtle visibility
color() set drawing color
width() set line width
What we have learned
• A Python module is a file that Python code – usually
defining one or more related new types of things
('classes').
• Each class has a constructor method to create new
objects in that class
• Each class will have methods (functions) for doing
things with objects of that type. A method is
invoked using the dot ('.') operator.
• By convention, a class name is capitalized, object
and method names are lower case

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