Translation

How well do you know
the alphabet???
Identify the words using the numbers of the
chronological order of the alphabet as a clue.
10 – 1 – 9 – 18 – 15
JAIRO
20 – 8 – 5 – 15 – 18 – 5 – 20 – 9 – 3 – 1 – 12
THEORETICAL
2 – 1 – 19 – 5
BASE
20 – 18 – 1 – 14 – 19 – 12 – 1 – 20 – 9 – 15 –
14
TRANSLATION
Theoretical Bases of
Translation
(Jakobson, Holmes, Kelly)
Let’s get
Motivated!!
translate into following languages
English to Filipino,
Filipino to Filipino,
My pair of pants is too short

May nahuli akong bitin
What do you observe with the
way you translate the given
sentences?
Roman Jakobson
- Russian-American linguist
- states that meaning of a word is a
linguistic phenomenon
- it is the linguistic verbal sign that
gives an object its meaning
Roman Jakobson
- Using semiotics, he believes that meaning lies with the
signifier and not in the signified
- Interpretation of a verbal sign can happen in three
ways: intralingual, interlingual and intersemiotic.
Intralingual translation (rewording)
- Is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the

same language.
- the changes take place within the same language.
- a verbal sign (word) belonging to a particular language is replaced
by another sign (word) belonging to the same language.
Interlingual translation (translation
proper)
Is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of
some other language.
Replacing a verbal sign with another sign but
belonging to a different language.
Intersemiotic translation
(transmutation)
Is an interpretation of verbal signs
by means of signs if nonverbal sign
systems.
James Holmes
- American-Dutch poet, translator,
and translation scholar.
- translation studies are classified
into 'pure' and 'applied' areas
PURE AREAS
Can be theoretical or descriptive
APPLIED AREAS
Can be training, aid or criticism
Theoretical Translational Studies
- Holmes try to describe, predict, and explain

translating and translation phenomena combined with
related disciplines and theories in order to evolve or
enhance other principles and theories
- the capacity and limitation of translation
- General or Partial
Partial
- it talks about the boundary, limitation, and
restriction and how translation occur
- it is called partial because there is a limitation,
means that it is not always applicable in any
language or situation.
1. Medium restricted – it concerns is the medium of translation or who did the
P translation
A - for example if the translation was done by a machine or a human
R 2. Area restricted – when the translation is restricted to specific language or
T groups of language and/or culture
I - for example, English to filipino
A 3. Rank restricted – it is a linguistic theory that have been restricted to a specific
L level of word or sentence.
- some words cannot be translate into more higher level of translation or
cannot make it simpler
4. Text-type restricted – it deals with the problem of translating specific types or
P genres of lingual messages.
A - here it is more focus on literary, business, and technical translation
R 5. Time restricted – translation is limited according to specific time frame and
T periods.
I - for example, it will fall on the history of translation where time that
A translation of words are very limited
L 6. Problem restricted – it refer to specific problem such as equivalence
-it is the emerging problems in translation studies
Descriptive Translational Studies
- it describe what is translation: the origin, the

function, and how it happen.
Descriptive Translational Studies
Product oriented concerns the origin or general history of translation
Function oriented translation of function in the recipients sociocultural
- it focuses on the meaning and purpose of words in the society rather than in its
translated text
- more on contextual study rather than textual
- where, what, when something got translated and its influence
Process oriented - it describe the process or act of translation
- it is occur in the mind of the translator if they trying to translate something
APPLIED AREAS
Translator training – It is the teaching methods, techniques, and
curriculum design
Translation aid – Those are the things that help us to translate a
word: for example, dictionary
Translation criticism – it is the evaluation of translations. It
includes the marking of student translations and the reviews
of publish translations.
Lewis G. Kelly
Translation must comprise the following:
1. Specification of function and goal
2. Description and analysis of operations
3. Critical moment on relationship between
goal and operations
TRANSLATION
Jakobson Holmes Kelly

Intralingual Translation Studies Specification
of function
Interlingual Pure Applied and goal Critical
moment on
Intersemiotic Translation Translation relationship
Training Criticisms between goal
Translation Aids
and
Theoretical Descriptive operations
General Partial Product Function Process Description

and analysis
of operations
Medium Area Rank Text Time Problem
Type

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Translation

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How well do you know

My pair of pants is too short

- Is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the

- Holmes try to describe, predict, and explain

- it describe what is translation: the origin, the

Jakobson Holmes Kelly

General Partial Product Function Process Description

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