DECIMALS

DECIMALS
2
What is decimal?
It means “based on 10”
Latin decima: a tenth part
Decimal number – Any number written in a base-ten
system can be called a decimal number.
123- is a decimal ( since each digit worth ten times as
much as the one next to it)
1.23- is a decimal (with a decimal point in it)
 DECIMALS
1. We must provide opportunities for our children to learn and understand
decimals meaningfully.
2. We use physical materials and other
representatives to help children
understand the concept of decimals
(a) Area models (fraction circles)
(b) Linear models (fraction strips)
(c) Discrete models (counters)
 DECIMALS
3. It would be useful to show students these representations to reaffirm their
understanding about decimals
4. It is important for us to have an overview of the mathematical skills
involved in changing fractions and mixed numbers to decimals and
vice versa.
 Guidelines to read and write a
decimal number:

1. Mentally align the whole numbers in the place

values chart and the decimal numbers in the decimal
place chart.
2. Read the whole number.
3. Use the decimal point and read the decimal place
value as you read the whole number.
4. End by reading the last decimal place value where
the numbers end.
Example :
Read 35.678

Hundred Ten Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

Thousands Thousands
3 5

Tenths Hundredths Thousandths Ten Hundred

1/10 1/100 1/1000 Thousandths Thousandths
1/10000 1/100000
6 7 8

Read as : Thirty five and six hundred

seventy eight thousandths
READING DECIMAL NUMBERS

• Read the following Decimal numbers:

• 1.12 : one and twelve hundredths
• 14.345 : Fourteen and three hundred and forty five thousandths
• 1.3?
• 0.15??
• 0.105???
 CONVERTING FRACTION TO
DECIMAL
18
Example : Write as a decimal.
1000
Solution:
1. Write the numerator 18
2. Count how many zeros are there
at the denominator 3
3. Move the decimal point three places
from right to the left. Attach zeros
on the left end of the decimal point 0.018
 CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMAL
Fraction to Decimal
Follow the following steps:
1. Place the decimal point after the number of the
numerator.
2. Attach the zeros as needed after the decimal point
3. Divide the numerator by denominator using long
division
Fractions to Decimals 6
Example 1: Convert to decimal number. 8
Solution:

0.75
8 6.00 Place a decimal after six.

5.6 Attach zeros as needed.

Divide as usual.
40
40
0
 CONVERTING DECIMAL TO FRACTION
Decimals to Fractions
Follow the following steps:
1. Write the numerator as whole number.
2. Write the denominator as power of tens with number
of zero depends on how many places after the
decimal point.
3. Reduce the fraction.
Decimals to Fractions
Example 1: Convert 0.5 to fraction.
Solution:

The numerator should be

5 1 the whole number, 5
0 .5   The denominator 10 (one
10 2
zero)
Write the fraction
Simplify the fraction
Decimals
13 to Fractions
Example 2: Convert 0.085 to fractions.
Solution:
The numerator should be the
85 17
0.085   whole number, 85
1000 200
The denominator 1000
(three zeros)
Write the fraction
Reduce the fraction
 CONVERTING MIXED NUMBERS
TO FRACTIONS VICE VERSA
Mixed Numbers to Fractions
Follow the following steps:
1. Write the mixed number as whole number and decimal
number.
2. Convert decimal number to fraction.
3. Convert fraction to mixed number fractions.
Mixed Numbers to Fractions
15
Example : Convert 17.32 to mixed number fractions
1. 17.32 = 17 and 0.32 Write in whole numbers
and decimal numbers
32 8

2. 0.32 = 100 25 Convert decimal numbers to
fraction and reduce the
fraction
8
17
25
3. Write the fractions
Mixed Numbers to decimals
3
Example : Convert 13to4decimal number
3 3
13
1. 4 = 13 and 4 Write in whole numbers
and fractions
0.75
4 3.00
2. Convert the fraction to
28
decimal numbers by long
20
division
20
0 the3 decimal
3. Write13  13.75numbers
4
 ADDITION & SUBTRACTION OF
17 DECIMALS
Addition of Two Decimal Numbers
Steps to follow for adding two decimals:
1. Arrange the decimal numbers so that the decimal points are in
vertical line
2. Add the numbers of the same digit place from right to left.
3. Place the answers in the same place.
Example: 7.93 + 12.75
12 2 3 . 7 5
+ 7 .9 3
2 0 .6 8
Subtraction of Two Decimal Numbers
Steps to follow for subtracting two decimals:
1. Arrange the decimal numbers so that the decimal
points are in vertical line
2. Subtract each number from right to left.
3. Place the answers in the same place.
Example: Subtract 12.75 from 17. 93.
1 7 . 98 313
-1 2 . 7 5
5 .1 8
 Addition & Subtraction of Three
Decimal Numbers
Example 1: Add 65.00 + 42.56 + 55.12
6 5 .0 0
7

4 2 .5 6
+5 5 . 1 2
1 6 2 . 6 8
Example 2 : Subtract 52.97 – 17.33 – 10.58
54 212 . 9 7 3 5 . 6 5 414
-1 7 . 3 3 -1 0. 5 8
3 5 . 6 4 2 5. 0 6
 MULTIPLICATION & DIVISION OF
20 DECIMALS
Multiplication of Decimal Numbers
Steps to follow for multiplication of decimals:
1. Place the decimal above the other so that they are lined up
vertically.
2. Disregard the decimal points and multiply the numbers.
3. Count the total number of digits to the right of the decimal point
for both decimal numbers.
4. Place the decimal point in the product by moving the decimal point
from right to left of the digits according to number of digits count
in Step 3.
Multiplication
21 of Decimal Numbers
Example 1: Multiply 1.639 x 0.57

3 1 4
4 2 6

1 . 6 3 9 3 decimal places
x 0 . 5 7 2 decimal places
1 1 4 7 3
+8 1 9 5 0
0. 9 3 4 2 3 5 decimal places
Division of Decimal Numbers
Steps to follow for division of decimals:
1. Write the division using a long-division (√).
2. Insert the decimal point above the decimal in the
dividend.
3. Proceed with the division of whole number
Division of Decimal Numbers
Example 1: Divide the following: 16.15 ÷ 2.4
.
2.4 16.15
1. Move the decimal point in dividend
and divisor so that the divisor is
a whole number. 6.7
24 161.5
2. Insert the decimal point above
144
the decimal in the dividend. 175
3. Proceed with the division 168
7
Multiplication of Decimals in Standard
Written Method
Example 1: 19.15 x 100
Move decimal point to two places
19.15 x 100 = 1915

Example 2: 195.17 x 1000

Move decimal point to three places
195.17 x 1000 = 195170
 25
Division of Decimals in Standard
Written Method
Example 1: 19.15 ÷ 100
Move decimal point two places to the left
19.15 ÷ 100 = 0.1915

Example 2: 195.17 ÷ 1000

Move decimal point to three places
195.17 ÷ 1000 = 0.19517
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