Supercharger in Automobile

"SUPERCHARGER IN
AUTOMOBILE "
ADARSH TV
ROLL NO: 5
AUTOMOBILE DEPARTMENT
Content
 How it works???
 Working diagram of supercharger.
 Types of superchargers
 Roots supercharger.
 Twin-Screw Supercharger.
 Centrifugal Supercharger
 Drives used in Supercharger.
 Advantages and disadvantages of supercharging
Principle Of Working
More fuel + More air = Bigger explosion = Greater horsepower
 But we cannot simply pump more fuel into the engine.

 The chemically correct mixture +(14 : 1 :: air : fuel)+is
essential for an engine to operate perfectly.
 Thus superchargers provides more air by compressing air
above atmospheric pressure , hence providing more fuel
into the charge & would make for a more powerful
explosion .
 Thus: Increased Power , Torque and Speed is achieved.
Working diagram of supercharger
Methods of supercharging
As discussed earlier, supercharging is a pressure boosting
device which supplies air (in case of diesel engine) or air-fuel
mixture (in case of SI engine) to the engine cylinder at higher
pressure.
The different methods are used to run a supercharger.
 Super charging of engine by compressor

 Supercharging with turbine driven by engine exhaust
 Super charging arrangement in which engine, turbine
and compressor are coupled
 Super charging method in which engine runs
compressor and turbine develops power
The main type of supercharger are
 ROOTS SUPERCHARGERS
 TWIN-SCREW SUPERCHARGERS
 CENTRIFUGAL SUPERCHARGER
ROOTS SUPERCHARGER
 Constructional features : It consists of two meshing lobes that are
fitted on two parallel shafts.
 Working of Roots Supercharger : As the meshing lobes spin, air
trapped in the pockets between the lobes is carried between the
fill side and the discharge side& large quantities of air move into
the intake manifold and "stack up" to create positive pressure.
This pressurized air is received at the discharge side
 Roots superchargers are usually large and sit on top of the

engine.

They add more weight to the vehicle.
How Superchargers Work
TWIN-SCREW SUPERCHARGERS
 Constructional features: Twin-Screw Superchargers consist of two meshing lobes
that resemble set of worm gear. The two gears meshes in such away that the air
pockets between them goes on decreasing as air moves ahead.
 Working of Twin Screw Superchargers: A twin-screw supercharger operates by
pulling air through a air of meshing lobes that resemble set of worm gears.
The rotors have a conical taper, which means the air pockets decrease in size
as air moves from the fill side to the discharge side .Thus a twin-screw
supercharger compresses the air inside the rotor housing.
As the air pockets shrink, the air is squeezed into a smaller space.
1. Thus twin-screw superchargers are more efficient compared to roots
supercharger.
2. They cost more because the screw-type rotors require more precision in
the manufacturing process.
3. They also make a lot of noise.
4. The compressed air exiting the discharge outlet creates a whine or whistle
that must be checked with noise suppression techniques.
CENTRIFUGAL SUPERCHARGER
 Constructional features: Centrifugal superchargers consist of an impeller with
several blades that rotate at a very high speed at around 50000 rpm . This
impeller throws the air outside due to centrifugal force.
 Working of Centrifugal Supercharger: As the air is drawn in the hub of the
impeller , centrifugal force causes it to radiate outward. The air leaves the
impeller At high speed, but Low pressure. A diffuser converts the high-speed,
low-pressure air to low-speed, high-pressure air.
 Thus pressurize air is achieved.
1. Impeller speeds can reach *50,000 to 60,000 RPM'.

2. They are small, light weight and attachable to the front of
the engine.
3. Thus the centrifugal superchargers are the best among
the above list.
DRIVERS USED IN SUPERCHARGERS
Drives are basically the equipments that are used to transfer power from one shaft
to another shaft. in a supercharger, drive are used to transfer part of engine
power to the supercharger
 There are several types of drives used to empower a supercharger. These

drive are used according to their requirement
Some of them are as under:

 Mechanical
1. Belt(V belt, toothed belt& Flat belt).
2. Gear drive.
3. Chain drive.
 Exhaust gas turbine:-
1. Axial turbine
2. Radial turbine.
 Other:-
1. Electric motor.
Advantages of supercharging
 Power output of the engine can be increased
 More quantity of charge can be induced into engine cylinder
 Better atomization of fuel is possible
 Better mixing of air and fuel can be obtained
 Better scavenging of exhaust gases is possible
 Torque is improved for whole speed range and better torque at
low speed
 Faster acceleration of the engine is possible
 The specific fuel consumption is lowered slightly
 A better mechanical efficiency and efficient combustion is
possible
 In CI engines, exhaust smoke is reduced
disadvantages of supercharging
 Detonation tendency increases in SI engines
 Heat losses due to turbulence and thermal stresses are more
 The value overlap period increase up to 160 degree of crank
angle
 Better lubrication is required
 Better cooling of piston and values is required
 It increase cost of the engine
THANK YOU

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"SUPERCHARGER IN

 But we cannot simply pump more fuel into the engine.

 Super charging of engine by compressor

 Roots superchargers are usually large and sit on top of the

1. Impeller speeds can reach *50,000 to 60,000 RPM'.

 There are several types of drives used to empower a supercharger. These

Some of them are as under:

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