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F I V E E S S E N T I A L P R O B L E M - S O LV I N G F R A M E W O R K
Ishikawa Diagram (Fishbone) Issue Trees
A cause-and-effect diagram that helps identify, sort, and A cause-and-effect diagram that helps identify, sort, and display possible cause of a problem display possible cause of a problem How to use it: How to use it: 1. Organize cause by category 1. Define the core issue 2. Diagram resembles a fishbone 2. Break down into parts 3. Explore each cause deeply Pyramid Principle 3. Connect parts logically When to use it: A structured communication method starting with the end in mind When to use it: • When solving problems in a team setting for clear and persuasive messaging • When facing complex, multi-faceted issue • Use to visually map out cause and effect How to use it: When to use it: • Use to systematically explore solutions • Effective in quality control and process improvement 1. Start with the main • When presenting complex • Great for individual or group analysis conclusion information 2. Add key supporting points • Use in writing/speaking for 3. Back points with data clarity SCQA Framework MECE Framework • Best for convincing audiences A narrative framework that outlines the flow from A principle for organizing information without overlap and with logic situations to actions with complete coverage How to use it: How to use it: 1. Set the current situation 1. Categories must not overlap 2. Highlight the key complication 2. Cover all possible scenarios 3. Pose a related question 3. For data structuring, analysis 4. End with a solution When to use it: When to use it: • When needing to categorize data cleanly S Q • When setting context is crucial for engagement • Use in research, planning, and strategy • Use in pitches, proposal, and strategies narratives • Helps in ensuring thorough analysis C A • Effective for aligning teams or persuading stakeholders