Technology for

Success: Computer
Concepts
Module 2
The Web
Lesson Objectives

• Explain the role of the • Explain how

web in daily life information literacy
• Describe websites and applies to web
webpages searches and research
• Use e-commerce • Conduct online
research

2
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
The Role of the Web in Daily
Life
• Define web browsing terms
• Explain the purpose of a top-level domain
• Describe Internet standards

3
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Define Web Browsing Terms
(1 of 3)

Web Browsing Terms

• Internet
• Webpage
• Website
• Browser
• Navigate
• Home/Start page
• Hyperlinks
4
Technology Now © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Define Web Browsing Terms
(2 of 3)

Keep Track of Webpages

• Uniform resource locator
• Protocol (Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP)
• Server address
• Pathname
• File name
• Web server
• IP address
• Domain name
5
Technology Now © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Uniform Resource Locator
• Protocol http
• Server address www.mdc.edu
• Domain name mdc.edu
• Pathname /student
• Webpage file name /index.html

http://www.mdc.edu/student/index.html

6
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Define Web Browsing Terms
(3 of 3)

Navigate the Web

• Address bar
• Cache
• Breadcrumbs
• Navigation bar

7
Technology Now © 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Explain the Purpose of a
Top-Level Domain
Top-Level Domain (TLD)

8
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
More Top Level Domains
• Country Code Top Level Domains
• Some Examples
.au Australia
.ar Argentina
.br Brazil
www.starbucks.com.br
.bb Barbados
.cu Cuba
.us United States

9
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Describe Internet Standards

Internet Standards
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

10
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Internet History
• Brief History of the Internet

11
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
World Wide Web (WWW)
History
• World Wide Web Overview

12
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Internet vs World Wide Web
• Internet – collection of networks (think hardware)
Millions of interconnected computers
Computers enable to transmit data in packets
Governed by rules, regulations known as the
Internet Protocol (IP)
Think hardware (wires, cables, computers …)
• World Wide Web (www) – collection of web pages
Governed by Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Deals with data and how it is transmitted
Think software (web pages, hyperlinks…)
13
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Describe Websites and
Webpages
• Identify the types of websites
• Explain the pros and cons of web apps
• Identify the major components of a webpage
• Identify secure and insecure websites

14
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Identify Types of Websites
Categories

15
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Explain the Pros and Cons
of Web Apps

16
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
The Major Components of a
Webpage
Five Major Areas
• Header
• Navigation bar
• Body
• Sidebar
• Footer

17
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Identify Secure and Insecure
Websites
Secure Websites
• Use encryption to safeguard transmitted information
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
• Use digital certificates to vouch for authenticity of
the website
• Lock icon
• Requires sign-in with username/password before
entering sensitive information
18
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Use E-Commerce

• Explain the role of e-commerce in daily life

• Use e-commerce in business transactions
• Use e-commerce in personal transactions
• Explain how to find e-commerce deals

19
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Explain the Role of E-
Commerce in Daily Life (1 of 2)
Types of e-commerce websites

20
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Explain the Role of E-
Commerce in Daily Life (2 of 2)
Pros and cons of e-commerce for
consumers
• Pros
• Variety
• Convenience
• Budget
• Cons
• Security
• Fraud
• Indirect experience
21
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Use E-Commerce in
Business Transactions
B2B E-Commerce
• Transferring goods, services, or information
between businesses
• Pricing can vary based upon the level of service
provided, negotiated terms, and other factors
• A team of people often review and make a
purchasing decision

22
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Use E-Commerce in
Personal Transactions
B2C/E-Retail
• Electronic storefront
• Tracks your selected items using cookies
• Make secure e-commerce payments
• 3D Secure
• Transport Layer Security (TLS)
• Online payment services

23
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Explain How to Find E-
Commerce Deals
Find Online Deals
• Comparison shopping sites
• Using digital deals
• Gift certificates
• Gift cards
• Coupons

24
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Apply Information Literacy
to Web Searches
• Define information literacy
• Explain how search engines work
• Use search tools and strategies
• Refine web searches

25
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Define Information Literacy
Information Literacy
• How one finds, evaluates, uses, and communicates online
information
• Allows one to:
• Navigate many sources of information, including the Internet,
online libraries, and popular media sites.
• Select the right tool for finding the information you need.
• Recognize that not all information is created equal.
• Evaluate whether information is misleading, biased, or out of
date.
• Manage information to become a knowledgeable decision
maker.
26
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Explain How Search Engines
Work
General Search Engine
• Compiles a database of information about webpages
• Uses software programs called spiders or crawlers to build
an index of terms and their locations
• When one enters a query, the search engine refers to its
index and lists pages based on how closely they answer the
query
• Ranking depends on how often and where a search term
appears on the webpage, how long the webpage has been
published, and the number of other webpages that link to it
27
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Use Search Tools and
Strategies (1 of 2)
Search Tools
• Find online information based on criteria you
specify or selections you make
• Search engines
• Search boxes on webpages
• Web directory or subject directory
• Specialized search tools concentrate on specific
resources
28
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Use Search Tools and
Strategies (2 of 2)
Use a Search Strategy
• State what kind of information you are seeking, as
specifically as possible
• Phrase the search term as a question
• Identify the keywords or phrases that could answer the
question
• Select an appropriate search tool
• Perform the search, and refine the web search to narrow
or broaden the results
• Use a word stem to help broaden results
29
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Refine Web Searches (1 of 3)
Learning from the Search Engine Results
Page (SERP)
• Subject filters
• Time filters
• Questions other users often ask about the same
subject
• Search terms related to the original term
• Knowledge graph pulled from online sources
30
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Refine Web Searches (2 of 3)
Search Engine Practices
• Lists the most relevant results, or hits, on the first
page.
• Results labeled as an “Ad” or “Sponsored link” are
from advertisers
• Each type of filter offers related features
• Google displays a “People also search for” list
below a link you visited

31
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Refine Web Searches (3 of 3)
Boolean Operators

32
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
 Conduct Online Research

• Use specialty search engines

• Evaluate online information
• Gather content from online sources
• Apply information literacy standards

33
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Use Specialty Search
Engines
Specialty Search Engines
• Let one search information sources that general
search engines do not always access

34
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Evaluate Online Information

The CARS Checklist

• Credibility: identify the author and check
credentials
• Accuracy: verify facts and claims, check for bias
• Reasonableness: examine whether the claims are
fair and sensible
• Support: look for reputable sources and authorities

35
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Gather Content from Online
Sources
Follow Ethical Guidelines
• Copying photos might violate intellectual property rights
• A copyright gives authors and artists the legal right to sell, publish, or
distribute an original work
• Some online resources are protected by digital rights management (DRM),
which limit access to propriety rights
• Some material is in the public domain and can be used without permission
• The fair use doctrine allows one to use a sentence or paragraph of text
without permission with citation to the original source
• Creative Commons (CC): a nonprofit organization that helps content
creators keep copyright to their materials while allowing others to use,
copy, or distribute their work

36
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.
Apply Information Literacy
Standards
Citing Sources
• A citation is a formal reference to a source
• Each type of information source uses a different
citation style
• Failure to cite sources, even if some of the words are
changed or paraphrased, is plagiarism

37
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.