PRESENTATION ON

COMPUTER MEMORIES
Presented By:
Name: Hiran Adhikari
Class: 8B
Roll Number: 13
 MEMORIES
 AS THE WORD IMPLIES “MEMORY” MEANS THE PLACE WHERE

WE HAVE TO STORE ANY THING, THIS IS VERY ESSENTIAL PART OF

HUMAN BEING JUST LIKE THIS MEMORY IS ALSO VERY
IMPORTANT FOR COMPUTER SYSTEM BECAUSE IN COMPUTER
SYSTEM WE HAVE TO STORE SOME DATA OR INFORMATION AND
FOR STORING THESE ITEMS WE NEED SOME MEMORY OR
SPACE.
 SO THAT’S WHY WE CAN SAY THAT MEMORY IS VERY IMPORTANT PART OF
COMPUTER SYSTEM.
CLASSIFICATION OF
MEMORIES
1. Primary Memory:
Primary memory also known as “main memory”
or “internal memory” which is located in the mother
board of system or as we say which is directly
connected to the CPU. It is the place where only little
bit of data are stored either by manufacturer or by
user.
This memory is further divided into two parts:
 RAM
 ROM
 RAM (RANDOM ACCESS
MEMORY)
 RAM also known as “random access

memory” it stores the data which the

user currently uses or as we say it
storess the data temporary in it. RAM
needs power or electricity to work when
the computer power is turned offf then
all the data in it will be erased
automatically.
 This is a circuit which have its separate

space or slot In motherboard. This

allows the computer to run the
softwaree faster.
 CLASSIFICATION OF RAM
RAM is Further Divided into Six parts:

 SRAM – Static random-access memory

 DRAM – Dynamic random-access memory
 SD RAM – Synchronous dynamic random-access memory
 RD RAM – Rambus Dynamic Random-access memory
 DDR RAM – Double Data Rate Random access memory
 EDO RAM – Extended Data output random-access memory
ROM (READ ONLY MEMORY)
 Known as “Read Only Memory” as the word refers

mainlyy it can only read the data which in stored in it.

This memory is mainly used by our computer when
we just turn on our computer. It contains BIOS of
system. This is non-volatile in nature.
 RAM was further divided into three parts:

1. PROM : “PROGRAMMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY”.

2. EPROM : “ERASABLE PROM”.
3. EEPROM : “ELECTRICALLY ERASABLE PROM”.
 SECONDARY MEMORY
 The place where we store our

personal data in compute system

is known as SM. In this we store
data so that when the data is
needed we can easily retrieve it.
This is the fundamental component
of comp. system. It is non volatile in
nature so that we can not loose the
data when power supply is off.
 SECONDARY STORAGE
DEVICES
1. MAGNETIC TAPE: MAGNETIC TAPE APPEARS SIMILAR TO
THE TAPE USED IN MUSIC CASSETTES. IT IS A PLASTIC TAPE
WITH MAGNETIC COATING. MAINLY IT IS USED TO STORE
MUSIC, MOVIE, ETC. IT IS NOT USED TO STORE DATA IN IT
BECAUSE AS WE KNOW IT COMES UNDER SEQUENTIAL ACCESS
AND IT READS DATA LINE BY LINE SO THAT WE CAN’T FIND THE
EXACT LOCATION OF DATA.
 SECONDARY STORAGE
DEVICES
2. Magnetic Disk: This is widely used popular storage
medium for direct access secondary storage. This is
the place where data are automatically save when we
click on save button. It is non- volatile so that once
data is stored in it will not lost when power goes off.
This is the storage device where we mainly store or
install OS for system.
Some of the magnetic disk are as follows :-
Hard Disk
Floppy Disk, etc.
 HARD DISK
Hard Disk also known as “Hard Drive” or “Fixed Drive”.
This is the place where we store our data or
information so that we can retrieve for further use.
This is the place where we install our OS so that we can
run our computer. Hard disk comes fix in our system
and if you require more hard disk then it comes in
removable also. The average computer today comes
with a 250 to 500 gb hard drive.
 FLOPPY DISK
This is removable, round, flat piece of Mylar plastic,
coated with a ferric oxide. this kind of disk is read and
written by Floppy Disk Drive (FDD), which is a device
which performs basic operations on disk including
reading and writing of data to it. This was used to
transfer data from one computer to another. Earlier 5
¼” floppy disks were used but these disks have less
storage capacity so new format of 3 ½”meloppy disk
came in market. Now a days floppy disk are not used
because off less storage and high rate.
 OPTICAL DISK
This is the secondary storage medium in which you can
store much more data in it. This is flat, circular, plastic
disk coated with material. Optical disk is very popular
because of its small size and huge storage capacity. You
must have optical disk reader in your computer so that
you can read or write data on it.
There are two types of optical disk :
1. CD (Compact Disk)
2. DVD (Digital versatile Disk)
 CD (COMPACT DISK)
Known as “Compact Disk”, mainly used to store data,
music, movie, software, etc. it can store 80 minutes of
continuesvideo recording. The space of CD is upto 700
mb. Due to its high storage capacity it is widely used.
The data are storein it is in the form of “Pitts”. To avail
the services of CD your computer should have CD
drive.
There are two types of CD :
1. CD ROM: Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
2. CD R/W: Compact Disc Re-Writable
 DVD (DIGITAL VERSATILE
DISK)
Known as “Digital Versatile Disk”. It is high capacity
storage medium. Mainly used to store movie, music,
software, etc. the storage capacity of DVD is up to 4.7
gb. It looks similar to CD but due to its high storage
capacity it is not cheaper as CD. To avail the facility of
DVD you must have DVD drive in your computer. DVD
drive also gives you facility to run CD disks too.
Types of DVD :-
1. DVD ROM: Digital Versatile Disc-Read Only Memory
2. DVD R / W : DigitalVersatile Disc Re-writable
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PRIMARY AND
SECONDARY MEMORY
Primary Memory Secondary Memory

1. These Memories generaly recides very 1. They are generally used to deliver
near to the processor. So,as to deliver the information to the primary Memory.
data to the C.P.U by matching the speed of
C.P.U.
2. They are very fast in Operation. 2. They are relatively slower than primary
Memory.
3. They are pretty expensive. 3. They are relatively cheaper.

4. They are relatively small in size. 4. They are pretty much large in size.
 ADVANTAGES OF PRIMARY
MEMORY
Advantages of Primary Memory:
1. "Primary memory" is the memory which is much quicker and has higher access speed in
comparison to the secondary memory. This memory is called as primary because it is
mainly utilized for processing at primary level.
2. After cache memory, the primary memory has the highest access speed of all other types of
memory devices.
3. The primary memory or the"Random Access Memory" allows the system to fetch the data
from the memory at random points in a"high speed", thus, offering a lower latency (time
taken to access it).
 DISADVANTAGES OF
PRIMARY MEMORY
Disadvantages of Primary Memory :
1. The primary memory is volatile and has small storage capacity.
2. This means that the data stored on the computer will be stored for the less period of the time
and when the computer gets shut down or no longer powered, the data is lost.
3. The devices having primary memory are very expensive or costly.
4. Thus due to this reason, the computers and laptops comes with the combination of primary
and secondary memory to reduce the loss of the data.
 ADVANTAGES OF
SECONDARY MEMORY
There are many advantages to using secondary
storage devices. Secondary storage devices for
computers are not only handy for storing back up files
but they also allow PC users to expand their ability to
transfer large amounts of other medium like photos,
movies, and visual projects from one computer to
another.
 DISADVANTAGES OF
SECONDARY MEMORY
The Disadvantages of Secondary
Storage While RAM electronic storage
devices are fast, secondary storage
devices are slower because they are
electro-mechanical. The information
on the secondary device has to be first
located, then copied and moved to the
primary memory or RAM. Takes more
time
Thanks you