HELLO EVERYONE!

WELCOME TO
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY CLASS!
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AT?
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INPUT Topic
DEVICES OUTPUT DEVICES

PROCESSING STORAGE DEVICES

 CENTRAL
PROCESSING
UNIT
Computer Fundamentals &
Information Processing

Input devices & Output Devices

Objectives

🠶 Distinguish between input and input devices

🠶 Select appropriate input devices to meet the needs of specified applications
🠶 Distinguish between input and input devices
🠶 Select appropriate output devices to meet the needs of specified applications
INPUT
DEVICES
Input Devices
Input Devices

🠶 Input is data entered into the computer via some form of input device such as keyboard,
mouse, microphone or scanner.
🠶 An input device is any specialized hardware peripheral component that allows the entry of
data and instruments into a computer.
🠶 A peripheral is any hardware device connected to and controlled by the central processing
unit.
Input Devices

Devices that sense light Devices that sense sound

🠶 Barcode reader 🠶 Sound capture devices
🠶 Biometric system (for example automated
fingerprint identification system) • Microphone
🠶 Character readers (OCR and MICR) • MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital
🠶 Digital cameras and webcams Interface)
🠶 Document scanner • Voice response unit
🠶 Light pen
🠶 Optical mark reader (OMR)
🠶 Remote controls
🠶 Sensors (light)
Input Devices

Devices that sense pressure

🠶 Graphic pads and tablets
🠶 Keyboard
🠶 Mouse
🠶 Pointing devices(joystick & touchpad)
🠶 Sensor (pressure)
🠶 Touchscreen (including point of sale and
ATMs)
Devices that sense light
 Devices that sense light

Device Function Suitable for

Barcode reader Automated data capture by • Airline industry to identify and track passengers
reading and recognizing black and baggage
and white lines of varying • Healthcare industry to identify and track,
widths. patients, drugs and equipment
• Package delivery (by global carriers such as a
DHL, FedEx and UPS)
Camera (including Captures digital images and • Photography and videography
digital camera and video • Video messaging (for example using apps, such
webcam) as FaceTime, WhatsApp, Skype)
Document Scanner Captures digital images input • Book scanning
(most often as text, diagrams and pictures • Document management and classification
integrated with
OCR)
 Devices that sense light

Device Function Suitable for

Optical Character Automated data capture by • eBook creation from printed book
Recognition (OCR) reading and recognizing • Form processing (automate data entry
shape of each character. from hand-filled applications, surveys,
forms and other paper documents)
Fingerprint reader (as an A camera that takes an image • Access control (on mobile devices
example of biometric of the fingerprint. The such as laptops, smartphones and
system) captured image is compared point-of-sale systems)
to a known image of • Access control (to secure areas in
authorized users and the industrial facilities)
results used to grant/deny • Border control screening (at ports of
access. entry such as airports)
 Devices that sense light

Device Function Suitable for

Optical Mark Readers Senses the position of • Leisure (selection of numbers on a
(OMR) marks made on a hand lottery form)
copy and converts them into • Education (selecting an answer to a
meaningful data multiple choice question)
Light Pen Used like a pen to draw. • Capturing handwriting directly
Light pens work with the • High-precision data input by artist and
light from old-style cathode graphic designers
ray tube (CRT)
Light sensor Measures physical • Greenhouse farming
characteristics such as • Automated manufacturing
movement or light. • Intrusion detection system (security
systems)
Devices that sense sound
 Devices that sense sound

Device Function Uses

Microphone Accepts and converts the • Virtual assistant device control
mechanical energy of sound • Assistive technology (for example text-
waves into an electric signal to-speech software)
which can be converted to a • Speech Recognition
digital signal suitable for
computers.
Musical Instrument Used for recording and playing • Recording and playing music created by
Digital Interface back music on digital musical instruments and synthesisers
synthesisers, supported by connected to a computer
sound cards installed in
computer systems.
Devices that sense pressure and
touch
 Devices that sense pressure and touch

Device Function Uses

Graphic pad and Uses a special pen (called a • Architecture and industrial design
tablet stylus) to provide a more • Digital media creation (including design
natural way of writing and and illustration)
drawing • Signature capture
Joystick Moves a pointer on a screen • Assistive technology: pointing device for
according to the movement of people who may find it easier to control
the lever by user than alternatives
• Computer video games
Keyboard Facilitates entry of letters, • Computer systems control (simultaneous
numbers or symbols key presses can produce actions or
(charcaters), or simultaneous execute computer commands
key presses to produce actions • Office applications that require that text
or execute computer entry of letters, numbers or symbols
commands
OUTPUT
DEVICES
 Devices that sense pressure and touch
Device Function Uses
Mouse Moves a cursor on the screen in a • Computer navigation and control
graphic interface environment, and • Computer gaming
manipulates screen • Office applications that require selection
objects/elements (by hovering, and moving block functions
clicking, scrolling and dragging).
Touch Sensor Measures physical characteristics • Greenhouse farming
such as pressure • Package logistics
• Automated manufacturing
• Security systems
Touch Screen Computer-pointing technology • ATMs
based upon the sense of touch • Self-service Kiosks (in airports, photo
labs, phone credit vending machines)
• Tablets (such as the Apple iPad and
Samsung Galaxy)
Output Devices
Output Devices

🠶 Output is the displaying, playing, printing or storing of the information a computer

generates as a result of its processing.
🠶 An output device is any device is any device that display, plays or prints the results of
processing operations or status messages related to that processing.
🠶 Hard copy is permanent printed output from the computer.
🠶 Soft copy is a temporary form of output, as produced by a visual unit or audio output
device.
Output devices that produce
printed output
Output devices that produce printed output

🠶 All printers produce hard copy

🠶 Different types of printer include dot matrix, inkjet, laser, 3D and thermal printers and
plotters
🠶 When comparing printers and plotters it is useful to consider: resolution, print speed,
memory capacity and paper tray capacity.
 Output devices that produce printed output

Feature Description
Resolution The Sharpness of printed images and text depends on the printer’s resolution.
Printer resolution is measured by the number of dots printed per inch (DPI)
Print Speed Measured in pages per minutes (PPM), lines per minute (LPM) or characters
per second (CPS).
Memory The amount of primary storage the device has in order to process print jobs or
to queue jobs as they are sent from the computing devices.
Paper Tray capacity Sheet feed printers are equipped with at least one tray that may hold tens to
hundreds of sheets of paper. Some printers let you add paper trays to extend
the number of pages that you can print without shopping to add more paper.
Output devices that produce printed output

Inkjet Printer Laser printer

Output devices that produce printed output
Output devices that produce printed output
 Output devices that produce printed output

Plotter
Output devices that produce printed output

Inkjet Printer
Output devices that display
temporary output on a screen
Output devices that display temporary output
on a screen
🠶 A visual display unit (VDU) is the main output hardware component of a computer system
that handles the display of soft copy information that the user sees.
🠶 CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitors were used widely in the past but are now being
replaced by LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). LCD monitors takes up less space, consume
less electricity, produce less heat, produce better quality images and are lighter and more
portable.
Output devices that display temporary output
on a screen
🠶 Monitors come in different sizes ranging from nine inches to over 20 inches, in addition to
the size of a monitor it is important to consider the resolution of the monitor, which
determines the clarity and sharpness of an image displayed. Pictures on a screen are made
up of tiny dots called pixels, which is short for “picture element”. The higher the number
of pixels per inch used to display images, the greater the clarity and detail of the picture.
Output devices that display temporary output
on a screen

VDU’s are used as:

🠶 The primary display device attached to desktop computers, workstations, servers and
gaming systems
🠶 Digital signage in airports, cinemas, fast-food restaurants, retail shops, places of worship
and public spaces
🠶 Display devices in monitoring and control systems in industries such as public utilities and
law enforcement.
Output devices that display temporary output
on a screen

VDU
Output devices that produce
audible output
Output devices that produce audible output

Speakers, headphones, and earphones are all hardware devices that enable the user to hear
sounds as they are generated (soft copy).
They all feature a loudspeaker that generates sounds which are temporary and, as such, cannot
be kept for later use.

Audible output method, for example virtual assistants

🠶 The user has a visual impairment and relies on sound as the key component of the user
interface
🠶 The user is playing audio/video, for example during computer gaming, playing music and
movies and videoconferencing
Output devices that produce audible output

🠶 Audio is the most appropriate method of providing output for example when sounding
emergency alerts or system notifications.

Speakers provide output at different power levels (measured in watts). They connect to the
audio output or USB port on desktop systems. On laptops, tablets and smartphones there is
usually a small built-in speaker as well as audio and USB ports.
Output devices that produce audible output

Headphone
What have we learnt?
Questions

1. Suggest ONE way in which a Language Arts teacher could use a scanner in each of the
following context:
a) to prepare for a lesson
b) after a lesson
2. Why might you choose a joystick instead of a mouse?
3. Does a printer produces softcopy or hard copy?
4. Suggest the most appropriate printer to keep cost down in a busy office.
5. Suggest TWO types of commercial business that would use laser printers for producing
multi-copy output.