SCIENCE 9

QUARTER 4
WEEK 1 & 2
MELC 19 & 20
OPENING
PRAYER
 CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE

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WEEK 1 PROJECTILE MOTION

MELC
MELC 19: Describe the horizontal and vertical motions
of a projectile.
MELC 20: Investigate the relationship between the angle
of release and the height and range of a projectile.
 MOTION
What is motion?
Motion is the action of changing location or
position. (Physics Hypertextbook)

Motion is the change with time of the position and

orientation of a body. (Britannica.com)
 VOCABULARY REVIEW
1. DEPES
SPEED - is the rate at which an object is
moving along a path; scalar quantity

2. VELOCITY
CLOVITEY - is the rate and direction of
an object's movement; vector quantity.
 VOCABULARY REVIEW
3. CANTDISE
DISTANCE - how much ground an object
has covered" during its motion; scalar
quantity
4. PLASIDCEMENT
DISPLACEMENT - how far out of place
an object is or the object's overall change
in position; vector quantity
 VOCABULARY REVIEW

5. TIME
EMIT - how long it took the object from
one position to another; scalar quantity

6. RATEONLICACE-
ACCELERATION rate at which velocity
changes with time, in terms of both speed
and direction; vector quantity
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UNIFORMLY
ACCELERATED
MOTION
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
When is an object in a
UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED MOTION?

A body is said to have uniform acceleration if

it maintains a constant change in its velocity
in each time interval along a straight line.
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
Time Speed Time Distance
HORIZONTAL (seconds) (m/s) (seconds) (meters)
Example: An object 1 2 1 1
is moving from rest
and accelerates 2 4 2 4
uniformly at a rate of 3 6 3 9
2 m/s. 4 16
4 8

Rectilinear 5 10 5 25
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
Time Speed Time Distance
VERTICAL (seconds) (m/s) (seconds) (meters)
The pull of gravity 1 9.8 1 4.9
acts on all objects.
The acceleration due 2 19.6 2 19.6
to gravity is equal to 3 29.4 3 44.1
-9.8 m/s2. 4 78.4
4 39.2

Freefall 5 49 5 122.5
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Day 2
Projectile is an object which the only force acting
is gravity. Variety of examples projectiles we
encounter from day to day of our lives. An object
from rest is a projectile provided that the influence
of air resistance is negligible. When an object is
vertically thrown upward is also a projectile
provided that the air resistance is negligible. And an
object which is which is thrown upward at an angle
to the horizontal is also a projectile as long as the
influence of air resistance is negligible. A projectile is
any object that once projected or dropped continues
in motion by its own inertia and is influenced only by
the downward force of gravity.
TRAJECTORY
 V= 0
Gravity is the only force acting on
Vix = 2m/s
Vix = 2m/s the moving body.
Viy = 1m/s
Viy = 1m/s
Vix = 2m/s

Viy = 2m/s
Day 3
The numerical information in both the diagram and the table above further illustrates
the two key principles of projectile motion - there is a horizontal velocity that is
constant and a vertical velocity that changes by 9.8 m/s each second. As the projectile
rises towards its peak, it is slowing down (19.6 m/s to 9.8 m/s to 0 m/s); and as it falls
from its peak, it is speeding up (0 m/s to 9.8 m/s to 19.6 m/s to ...). Finally, the
symmetrical nature of the projectile's motion can be seen in the diagram above:
the vertical speed one second before reaching its peak is the same as the
vertical speed one second after falling from its peak. The vertical speed two seconds
before reaching its peak is the same as the vertical speed two seconds after falling
from its peak. For non-horizontally launched projectiles, the direction of the velocity
vector is sometimes considered + on the way up and - on the way down; yet the
magnitude of the vertical velocity (i.e., vertical speed) is the same an equal interval of
time on either side of its peak. At the peak itself, the vertical velocity is 0 m/s; the
velocity vector is entirely horizontal at this point in the trajectory. These concepts are
further illustrated by the diagram below for a non-horizontally launched projectile
that lands at the same height as which it is launched.
Day 4
Draw the figure to show the motion in the table below.

2
Day 5
Directions: Summarize what you have learned from the lesson by
answering the following questions.
1. Any object that is thrown or filled through the air and affected by the
Projectile
force of gravity is called _______________.
2. Trajectory
____________ is the path of an object thrown through the air.
Range
3. The horizontal distance travelled by a projectile ___________.
4. A projectile launched from the ground at an angle will follow a path
Parabola
that is in the shape of a ______________.
5. In the absence of air resistance, the vertical motion of a projectile is
accelerated at a rate that remains ______________. Constant
6-10. Consider a cannonball projected horizontally by a cannon from
The cannonball will continue moving horizontally
the top of a very high cliff. What will happen to the horizontal velocity
of the cannonballwith constant
if the gravity is horizontal
neglected? velocity
 PROJECTILE
MOTION
MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS
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 PROJECTILE MOTION
What is projectile motion?

Projectile motion is a combination of uniform

motion along the horizontal and the motion of a
freely falling body along the vertical. It is an
instance of uniformly accelerated motion in two-
dimensions.
Galileo first described projectile motion as having two
components: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal
component is uniform motion; the vertical component is free
fall. Throughout the motion of the projectile, change occurs
only in the vertical velocity because of the influence of gravity,
while the horizontal velocity does not alter. Thus, if air
resistance is neglected, a projectile moves horizontally at a
constant speed and simultaneously travels vertically with
acceleration equal to gravity which is 9.8 m/s2.
 PROJECTILE MOTION
UNLOCKING VOCABULARY
1. PROJECTILE - is a body traveling in projectile
motion.
2. Trajectory - It is the curved path traveled by a
projectile.
3. RANGE - is the horizontal distance traveled by a
projectile.
4. HEIGHT - is the vertical distance traveled by a
projectile.
PROJECTILE MOTION
Trajectory
Projectile
Day 2
 PROJECTILE MOTION
POINTS TO REMEMBER:
1. The horizontal and vertical
motions are completely
independent of each other.
Therefore, the velocity of a
projectile can be separated
into the horizontal and
vertical components.
 PROJECTILE MOTION
POINTS TO
REMEMBER:
2. Projectiles always
maintain a constant
horizontal velocity
(neglecting air
resistance).
 PROJECTILE MOTION
POINTS TO
REMEMBER:
3. There is a constant
vertical acceleration of
9.8 m/s2, downward
(neglecting air
resistance) for projectiles
on air.
 TWO TYPES OF PROJECTILE
MOTION
I. Projectile Released
Horizontally
(θ = 0°)
• Has no initial vertical velocity
• Identical to a dropped object.
• The downward vertical velocity
increases uniformly
• Horizontal vertical velocity is
uniform
 TWO TYPES OF PROJECTILE
MOTION
II. Projectile Launched
at an Angle (θ > 0°)
• Velocity has two
components
1. Constant horizontal
velocity
2. Upward positive vertical
velocity & downward
negative vertical velocity
 TWO TYPES OF PROJECTILE
MOTION
For a projectile beginning
and ending at the same
height, the time it takes a
projectile to rise to its
highest point is equal to the
time it takes to fall from the
highest point back to its
original position.
C D A E B
Day 3
SAMPLE PROBLEM
If a bullet is fired with a speed of 600 m/s horizontally from a height of 48
m, how long will it take to hit the ground? What is the range of the
projectile? Assume that there is no air resistance.
LEARNING TASK 3
1. A soccer ball is kicked horizontally from a cliff with a velocity of 16.5
m/s. The ball falls 35 m away from the cliff’s edge. Hong long before the
ball hits the ground? How high is the table? What is the balls velocity just
before it hits the ground?

2. A marble is thrown horizontally from a tabletop with a velocity of 1.50

m/s. The marble falls 0.70 m away from the table’s edge. How high is the
lab table? What is the marble’s velocity just before it hits the floor?
Day 4
 PROJECTILE MOTION
The motion of a projectile may be described in
terms of the range and maximum height it
reaches.

1. RANGE - is the horizontal distance traveled

by a projectile.
2. HEIGHT - is the vertical distance traveled by
a projectile.
DAY 5
 ANGLE OF RELEASE
The angle of release affects both the height and range of
a projectile.
 ANGLE OF RELEASE
In terms of height, for
projectiles launched at
a constant initial
velocity, the steeper
the angle is the greater
is its maximum height.
 ANGLE OF RELEASE
In terms of the range,
for projectiles launched
at constant initial
velocity. The optimal
angle of release is 45
degrees.
ASSIMILATION (SYNCHRONOUS)

I understand that ________________.

I realized that __________________.
I find the lesson (easy/difficult) to learn
because _____________.
SUMMATIVE TEST

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