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    Mesh Analysis Nodal Analysis

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    Femi R

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mesh Analysis Nodal Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Femi R
    5 views16 pages

    Original Title

    EEE_U1_L3

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    5 views16 pages

    Mesh Analysis Nodal Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Femi R

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Mesh Analysis Nodal Analysis

    This method is used to


    determine the current This method is used to
    circulating a mesh or loop in a determine the unknown
    closed path of any electrical voltage drop around the circuit
    circuit. between two or more nodes.

    It is also known as Mesh It is also known as node


    Current analysis or mesh loop voltage method or node
    analysis voltage analysis or supernode
    analysis

    It is based on Kirchhoff’s It is based on Kirchhoff’s


    Voltage Law(KVL) current law(KCL)

    1
    Nodal Voltage Analysis Circuit nodal analysis is an application of Kirchhoff's
    current law, which is used for calculating the
    voltages at each node in an equation.

    2
    3
    4
    Find the current flowing through 20 Ω resistor of the following circuit using Nodal
    analysis.

    5
    Mesh Current Method or Analysis

    mesh analysis is an application of Kirchhoff's voltage law which is used for


    calculating the current.

    V1 = i1R1 + R3(i1 – i2)

    R3(i1 – i2)) + i2R2 + i2R4 = 0)

    6
    For Mesh-1 Mesh-2

    V1 = 25V
    V1 = 5V VR2 = i2 x 10 = 10i2
    VR1 = i1 x 2 = 2i1 VR3 = (i1 + i2) x 5 =5(i1 + i2)

    VR3 = (i1+i2) x 5 = 5(i1+i2) V2 = 10i2 + 5(i1+i2)


    25 = 5i1+15i2
    5 = i1+ 3i2
    V1 = 2i1 + 5(i1+i2)
    5 = 7i1 + 5i2 i1 = .625A
    i2 = 1.875A
    7
    Mesh Analysis
    While applying KVL, algebraic sums are involved. So, it is necessary
    to assign proper signs to the voltage rises and voltage drops. The
    following sign convention may be used.

    •Consider the above circuit. It has two Mesh. [Mesh 1-


    ABCFA, Mesh 2-CDEFC]
    •Assume current direction for each Mesh. (Assume
    clockwise for all mesh so that analysis will be easy).
    •Assume I1 > I2.

    8
    •+, - for voltage sources are known . Enter +, - for all
    resistor. In each resistor, current entering point is + and
    leaving point is - . [Since I1 > I2, In R2, current flows from
    up to down. ]
    •Apply KVL for Mesh 1 [BAFCB]. Always move in
    anticlockwise direction. (So that analysis will be easy).
    •In the above Fig, for Mesh 1, Start from B-A-F-C-and end
    in B. While moving, if + comes first its potential rise. If -
    comes first its potential drop. [Put the sign which is
    coming first].
    +V1 – (I1-I2)R2 – I1R1=0 ……….Equation -1

    •For Mesh 2, Start at C-F-E-D-and end in C


    +(I1-I2)R2 – V2 – I3R3=0 ……….Equation -2

    •V1, V2, R1, R2, R3 are known quantity. So if we solve


    equation 1& 2, we get I1 & I2 9
    Apply KVL and find the current in each resistor

    Sol :
    •Assume current direction for each Mesh. (Assume
    clockwise for all mesh so that analysis will be easy).
    •Assume I1 > I2.

    10
    •Enter +, - for all resistor. In each resistor, current
    entering point is + and leaving point is - .
    •Apply KVL for Mesh 1 [BAFCB]
    +10 – 2(I1-I2) – 5I1=0 ……….Equation -1
    +2(I1-I2) – 50 – 10I2=0 ……….Equation -2
    From Equ 1
    – 2I1+2I2 – 5I1= -10
    7I1-2I2 = 10 ……….Equation -3
    From Equ 2
    2I1-2I2 – 10I2 = 50
    – 2I1 + 12I2 = – 50 ……….Equation -4
    Solving Equation using Calculator Casio fx 991 MS,
    we get
    I1= 0.25 A ; I2= -4.125 A [- ve I2 indicates our
    assumption direction (clockwise) is wrong. So change
    its direction] 11
    12
    MESH CURRENT ANALYSIS OR MESH ANALYSIS
    For the same problem, apply mech analysis and find the current
    in each resistor

    Sol :
    •Assume current direction for each Mesh. (Assume
    clockwise for all mesh so that analysis will be easy). .

    13
    We know that RI=V (Ohms law). This we are going to
    write in matrix form.
    Size of ‘R’ matrix: No. of mesh x No. of mesh
    Size of ‘I’ matrix: No. of mesh x 1
    Size of ‘V’ matrix: No. of mesh x 1

    14
    Diagonal elements- Always positive
    Off-Diagonal elements- Positive if both currents are in same direction,

    negative if currents are in opposite direction.


    Note: If you assume all mesh currents in clockwise, your Off-Diagonal
    elements will be always negative.
    Voltage Matrix: If assumed mesh current and actual current [which flows
    from +ve to - ve] are same, V is + ve. If not, V is -ve

    7I1- 2I2 = 10 ……….Equation -1

    – 2I1 + 12I2 = – 50 ……….Equation -2 15


    Solving Equation using Calculator Casio fx 991 MS, we get
    I1= 0.25 A ; I2= -4.125 A [- ve I2 indicates our assumption direction
    (clockwise) is wrong. So change its direction]
    I1= 0.25 A (clockwise) ; I2= 4.125 A (anticlockwise)

    16

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