INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT

(University Of Sierra Leone)

FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

AND ENTREPRENEUR

Program: Bachelor of Science Year One

MODULE: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)

TASK: GROUP PRESENTATION – GROUP SIX (6)

 TOPIC:
COMPONENTS
OF THE INTERNET
CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Definition of the Internet
 Components of the Internet
 Functions of the Internet
 Importance/benefits of the Internet
 Disadvantages of the Internet
 Key takeaways
 Conclusion
 References
INTRODUCTION

As an integral part of modern life, the internet has

transformed the way we communicate, and access
information. According to the international
telecommunication union report 2020, internet access has
grown rapidly worldwide in recent years, with over 4 billion
users globally as of 2019. As a result, global businesses
have grown and we have transformed the way we
communicate, access information, and perform our daily
activities. In this presentation, we will explore the definition
of the internet, its components, functions and its importance
and disadvantages.
WHAT IS THE INTERNET

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers

that allows communication and exchange of information
around the world. It is a complex system that allows
individuals, organizations, and governments to connect and
share data across geographical boundaries.

Fundamentally, the internet is a collection of networks

consisting of collection of wired and wireless devices. These
networks operate based on a set of protocols known as the
Internet Protocol Suite, or TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol) that govern how data is transmitted,
routed, and received across the network. They ensure that
information can be sent and received accurately and efficiently,
regardless of the type of device or operating system being
used.
COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET
As a complex system, the internet is composed of several components that work
together to facilitate seamless communication and exchange of information. Among
them are:

1. Protocols: Protocols are a set of rules and standards that govern how data is
transmitted and received on the Internet. Common protocols include TCP/IP
(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer
Protocol), FTP (File Transfer Protocol), and SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol).
These protocols ensure that data is transmitted reliably and efficiently.

2. Network Infrastructure: The physical infrastructure of the Internet includes a

vast network of routers, switches, cables, and other hardware that enables data
transmission across the globe. This infrastructure is maintained and expanded by
telecommunications companies and internet service providers (ISPs).
COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET
3. Transmission Media: The transmission media serve as the physical means through
which data is transmitted between devices connected to the Internet. The selection of
transmission media depends on factors such as distance, bandwidth requirements,
reliability, and cost. They include: Wired Transmission Media (Twisted Pair Cable,
Coaxial Cable, Fiber Optic Cable) Wireless Transmission Media (Radio Waves, Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth, and cellular networks, Microwaves) Infrared Waves.

4. Servers: Servers are powerful computers that store and distribute web pages, files,
and other content over the Internet. They respond to user requests and deliver the
requested data to the user's device.

5. Clients: Clients refer to the devices used by individuals or organizations to access the
Internet. This includes personal computers, smartphones, tablets, and other devices
equipped with web browsers or specialized applications.

6. Search Engines: Search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo provide a way to find
information on the Internet. They index and rank web pages based on relevance,
allowing users to search for specific content and retrieve the most relevant results.
FUNCTIONS OF THE INTERNET
The Internet is a global communication network that has revolutionized the way
we connect, communicate and interact with the world. Over the years, the
Internet has advanced and become a very important tool in our lives. the main
functions of the Internet are:

1. Communication: Among its primary functions is the facilitation of

communication among people around the globe. Through emails, instant
messaging services and social networks, we can stay connected with friends,
family and colleagues regardless of distance. By using the Internet, we are
able to communicate in real time and share information, ideas, and
experiences with ease and efficiency.

2. Ecommerce: The Internet has transformed the world of business, providing

the possibility of buying and selling products and services online. E-
commerce has eliminated geographical barriers and has allowed companies
to reach a global market. Now, it is possible to shop from the comfort of our
home and access a wide variety of products and services from all over the
world.
 FUNCTIONS OF THE INTERNET
3. Entertainment: The Internet is an excellent resource for entertainment,
including streaming movies, TV shows, online gaming, music streaming, social
networking, and countless other forms of digital entertainment. Using the Internet,
we are able to connect with people from all over the world and enjoy a variety of
digital entertainment.

4. Information Access: Access to information is another fundamental function of

the Internet. With just a few clicks, we can search and obtain information on any
topic imaginable. From news and articles to online encyclopedias and tutorials,
the Internet gives us a vast universe of knowledge at our fingertips. People have
had the opportunity to expand their knowledge in any field due to the ease of
access to information.
IMPORTANCE/BENEFITS OF THE INTERNET

The internet is of paramount importance in today's interconnected world, offering a

multitude of benefits that have revolutionized various aspects of our lives. Here are
some key reasons why the internet is crucial:

1. Online learning and distance education: the internet affords people opportunities
to participate in online learning and distance education. It enables individuals to
access educational resources, participate in virtual classrooms, and acquire new
skills and knowledge from the comfort of their own homes. This accessibility helps
bridge the educational gap and provides affordable learning options.

2. Economic opportunities: the internet has opened up new avenues for economic
growth and entrepreneurship. It has provided a platform for businesses to expand
their reach, connect with customers globally, and create new markets. Start-ups and
small businesses can now compete on a level playing field, leading to innovation,
job creation, and economic development.
IMPORTANCE/BENEFITS OF THE INTERNET
3. Access to services: the internet has transformed the way we access various
services. From online banking and shopping to healthcare consultations and
educational courses, the internet has made these services more convenient,
accessible, and cost-effective. It has brought essential services to remote areas and
underserved communities, bridging the gap between regions and promoting
inclusivity.

4. Aiding communication and connectivity: the internet allows friends and

families to stay in touch with one another. By utilizing various communication
platforms, social media, and video calling, individuals can stay in close touch with
loved ones regardless of their geographical location. The feeling of connection
fosters relationships, a sense of belonging, and emotional well-being.

5. Social engagement: through social media, people can connect with like-minded
individuals, form communities, and amplify their voices. The internet, has become a
platform for raising awareness about important causes, sharing stories of injustice,
and advocating for social change. The ease of sharing information and mobilizing
support has enabled social and political movements to gain momentum and reach a
wider audience.
DISADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET
While the Internet has undeniably brought about numerous benefits, it is important to
recognize that it also comes with its fair share of disadvantages. Here are some key
drawbacks of the Internet:

1. Addiction, time-waster, and causes distractions: Excessive use of the Internet can
lead to addiction, wasting valuable time, and causing distractions. This can negatively
impact productivity and interfere with daily activities.

2. Bullying and crimes: The Internet provides a platform for cyberbullying, abusive
behavior, and online stalking. Individuals can face verbal abuse, threats, and
humiliation through various online platforms. This can have severe psychological
consequences and lead to social exclusion. Additionally, hackers and unauthorized
individuals can track and steal personal information, leading to potential harm and
crime.

3. Depression and loneliness: Comparing one's life to others on social media

platforms can contribute to feelings of depression, loneliness, and social isolation.
Spending excessive time online may lead to a disconnection from real-life
relationships.
DISADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET
4. Not a safe place for children: The Internet can expose children to inappropriate
content, unethical communities, and potential dangers. It can also contribute to
addiction and distract them from other important activities.

5. Access to inappropriate or harmful content: The open nature of the internet

means there is content related to pornography, violence, hate speech, scams/fraud,
etc. that is more easily accessible. Children may accidentally encounter
inappropriate material.

6. Cybercrime and Online Fraud: The internet provides a breeding ground for
cybercriminals. Online fraud, phishing scams, malware, ransomware attacks, and
hacking are predominant risks. These cyber threats can result in financial loss,
damage to personal and professional reputations, and even physical harm.

It is important to note that while these disadvantages exist, they do not annul the
overall benefits of the internet. However, recognizing them is crucial to ensure a
safer and more balanced use of the platform.
 MAIN TAKEAWAYS/KEY POINTS
Components of the Internet:
 Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP.
 Network Infrastructure: Routers, switches, cables.
 Transmission Media: Wired (Twisted Pair Cable, Coaxial Cable, Fiber Optic
Cable) and Wireless (Radio Waves, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Cellular Networks, Infrared
Waves).
 Servers: Computers that store and distribute web content.
 Clients: Devices used to access the internet.
 Search Engines: Platforms for finding information on the internet.

Functions of the Internet:

o Communication: Facilitating real-time communication and information sharing.
o Information Access: Providing easy access to a vast amount of knowledge and
resources.
o E-commerce: Enabling online buying and selling of products and services.
o Entertainment: Offering various forms of digital entertainment, and social
networking.
 MAIN TAKEAWAYS/KEY POINTS
Importance/Benefits of the Internet:
 Online Learning and Distance Education: Access to educational resources and virtual
classrooms.
 Economic Opportunities: Expansion of businesses, job creation, and innovation.
 Access to Services: Convenient and cost-effective access to banking, shopping,
healthcare, and education.
 Communication and Connectivity: Staying connected with loved ones and fostering
relationships.
 Social Engagement: Raising awareness, forming communities, and advocating for social
change.

Disadvantages of the Internet:

o Time-wasting, and Distractions: Excessive use can lead to addiction and interfere with
productivity.
o Bullying and Crimes: Cyberbullying, abusive behavior, and potential security risks.
o Depression and Loneliness: Comparisons on social media leading to negative feelings
and disconnection.
o Not a Safe Place for Children: Exposure to inappropriate content and potential dangers.
o Access to Inappropriate Content: Ease of access to explicit or harmful material.
o Cybercrime and Online Fraud: Risks of scams, hacking, and financial loss.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the Internet is a powerful and transformative tool that has
revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and
conduct our daily activities. As we continue to navigate the digital age,
it is crucial to use the Internet responsibly and safely, while maximizing
its benefits.
REFERENCES
1. The essential components of the Internet: a complete guide - Polarid
ad.es
2. functions of the Internet: Polaridad.es
3. Important of the Internet- NJ.gov
THANK
YOU
Group Six (6)
COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET