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DBMS Data Models

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25 views12 pages

DBMS Data Models

Uploaded by

Adil Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DBMS Data Models

Database Models

▶ A Database model defines the logical design and structure of a database and
defines how data will be stored, accessed and updated in a database
management system.
▶ While the Relational Model is the most widely used database model, there
are other models too:
Hierarchical Model
Network Model
Entity-relationship Model
Relational Model
Hierarchical Model

▶ This database model organises data into a tree-like-structure, with a single


root, to which all the other data is linked.
▶ This model efficiently describes many real-world relationships like index of a
book, recipes etc

▶ In hierarchical model, data is organised into tree-like structure with one one-
to-many relationship between two different types of data, for example, one
department can have many courses, many professors and of-course many
students.
Hierarchical Model
Pros and Cons

Pros
▶ Simplicity
▶ Data integrity
▶ Efficiency

Cons
▶ Implementation complexity
▶ Lack of structural independency
▶ Implementation limitations
▶ Program complexity
Network Model

▶ This is an extension of the Hierarchical model.


▶ In this model data is organised more like a graph, and are allowed to have
more than one parent node.
▶ In this database model data is more related as more relationships are
established in this database model.
▶ Also, as the data is more related, hence accessing the data is also
easier and
fast. This database model was used to map many-to-many data
relationships.
Network Model
Pros and Cons

Pros
▶ Capable to handle different relationships
▶ Ease in data access
▶ Data integrity
▶ Database standards
▶ Data independence

Cons
▶ System complexity
▶ Operational anomalies
▶ Absence of structural independence
Entity-relationship Model

▶ In this database model, relationships are created by dividing object of


interest into entity and its characteristics into attributes.
▶ E-R Models are defined to represent the relationships into pictorial form to
make it easier for different stakeholders to understand.
▶ This model is good to design a database, which can then be turned into tables
in relational model
Entity-relationship Model
Relational Model

▶ In this model, data is organised in two-dimensional tables and the


relationship is maintained by storing a common field.
▶ This model was introduced by E.F Codd in 1970
▶ The basic structure of data in the relational model is tables. All the
information related to a particular type is stored in rows of that table.
Example

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