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5 2d Graphics and 3d Graphics Report

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10 views16 pages

5 2d Graphics and 3d Graphics Report

Uploaded by

Jhovita Xue
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2D GRAPHICS

2D COMPUTER GRAPHICS IS THE COMPUTER-BASED GENERATION OF


DIGITAL IMAGES—MOSTLY FROM TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELS AND
BY TECHNIQUES SPECIFIC TO THEM. IT MAY REFER TO THE BRANCH
OF COMPUTER SCIENCE THAT COMPRISES SUCH TECHNIQUES OR TO
THE MODELS THEMSELVES.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
HISTORY OF 2D GRAPHICS

2D computer graphics started in the 1950s, based on vector


graphics devices. These were largely supplanted by raster-based
devices in the following decades. The PostScript language and the
X Window System protocol were landmark developments in the
field.
BASICS OF 2D GRAPHICS
RENDERING
 Step 1: setting up a project in Xcode.
 Step 2: add Custom View.
 Step 3: create a stub of Custom View's class.
 Step 4: add basic test code.
 Step 5: prepare to make a target view.
 Step 6: draw target view.
 Step 7: keep target drawing area square.
 Step 8: draw an arrow.
 Step 9: add stop Step.
 Step 10: test.
 Step 11:Fix
COORDINATE SYSTEM AND
TRANSFORMATIONS

 The procedure for converting from one coordinate system to


another is known as coordinate transformation. The procedure
requires that some points have their coordinates known (or
measured) in both the arbitrary and the final coordinate
systems. Such points are called control points .
COLOR MODELS AND
REPRESENTATION
 Colors can be created on computer monitors with color spaces
based on the RGB color model, using the additive primary colors
(red, green, and blue). A three-dimensional representation would
assign each of the three colors to the X, Y, and Z axes.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
ANTI - ALIASING AND
RESTERIZATION TECHNIQUES
There are three main classes of anti-aliasing
algorithms
 1. As aliasing problem is due to low resolution, one easy solution is to
increase the resolution. This increases the cost of image production
 2. The image can be calculated by considering the intensities over a
particular region. This is called Area Sampling.
 3. The image is created at high resolution and then digitally filtered.
This method is called supersampling or postfiltering and eliminates
high frequencies which are the source of aliases.
THE END
3D GRAPHICS
3D GRAPHICS

INTRODUCTION
 3D computer graphics, sometimes called CGI, 3-D-CGI or three-
dimensional computer graphics, are graphics that use a three-
dimensional representation of geometric data (often Cartesian)
that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing
calculations and rendering digital images, usually 2D images but
sometimes 3D images. The resulting images may be stored for
viewing later (possibly as an animation) or displayed in real time
3D COORDINATES SYSTEM
TRANSFORMATION
A three-dimensional (3D) conformal
coordinate transformation, combining
axes rotations, scale change and origin
shifts is a practical mathematical model
of the relationships between different 3D
coordinate system
VIEWING AND PROJECTION IN 3D
SPACE
 A 3D projection (or graphical projection) is a design technique used
to display a three-dimensional (3D) object on a two-dimensional
(2D) surface. These projections rely on visual perspective and aspect
analysis to project a complex object for viewing capability on a
simpler plane.
LIGHTING AND SHADING MODELS

 determine the color of a surface point by simulating


some light attributes. Shading model: applies the
illumination models at a set of points and colors the
whole image.
THE END

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