Midterm 2 - Pec 8 Assessment of Learning 1
Midterm 2 - Pec 8 Assessment of Learning 1
Midterm 2 - Pec 8 Assessment of Learning 1
ASSESSMENT DATA
DONNA PAZ Y. AMBOY
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Identify the measures of central tendency;
• Calculate the mean, mode median of the students’ scores;
• Identify and compute for Standard Deviation; and
• Interpret the result of standard deviation;
• Introduction:
• Statistics is a very important tool in the utilization of the assessment data
most especially in describing, analyzing and interpreting the performance
of the students in the assessment procedures.
• The teachers should have the necessary background in the statistical
procedures used in the assessment of student learning in order to give a
correct description and interpretation about the achievement of the students
in a certain test whether classroom assessment conducted by the teacher.
• STATISTICS
• Is a branch of science deals with the collection, presentation, analysis and
interpretation of quantitative data.
• Branches
• Descriptive statistics
Is a method concerned with collecting, describing and analyzing a set of data
without drawing conclusions or inferences about the large group.
• Inferential statistics
Is a branch of statistics concerned with the analysis of a subset of data leading to
predictions or inferences about the entire set of data.
• Measure of Central Tendency
• Provides a very convenient way of describing a set of scores with a single
number that describes the performance of the group.
• It is also defined as a single value that is used to describe the “center” of
the data.
• There are 3 commonly used measures of central tendency: mean, median
and mode
• Median
• is the number that falls in
the middle position once the
data has been organized.
Organized data means the
numbers are arranged from
smallest to largest or from
largest to smallest. The
median for an odd number
of data values is the value
that divides the data into two
halves. If n represents the
number of data values and n
is an odd number, then the
median will be found in the
n + 1 position.
• 2
• Measures of Variation
• A measure of variability is a summary statistic that represents the amount
of dispersion in a dataset. How spread out are the values?
• While a measure of central tendency describes the typical value, measures
of variability define how far away the data points tend to fall from the
center.
• We talk about variability in the context of a distribution of values. A low
dispersion indicates that the data points tend to be clustered tightly around
the center. High dispersion signifies that they tend to fall further away.
• Standard Deviation
• Most important measures of variation.
• Known as the square root of the variance
• The average distance of all the scores that deviates from
the mean value.
The standard deviation is the standard or typical difference between each data point and the
mean. When the values in a dataset are grouped closer together, you have a smaller
standard deviation. On the other hand, when the values are spread out more, the standard
deviation is larger because the standard distance is greater.
Conveniently, the standard deviation uses the original units of the data, which makes
interpretation easier. Consequently, the standard deviation is the most widely used measure
of variability.