FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS
What is Function?
What is Function?
A function is a group of statements that is
executed when it is called from some point of the
program.
It’s a divide and conquer approach
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
Functions can be categorized into three types
1) Built in Functions.
2) Modules.
3) User - defined functions.
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
1) BUILT IN FUNCTIONS
These are predefined function in python and
are used as and when there is need by simply calling
them. For example:
int()
float()
str()
min()
max() ...etc
TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
2) MODULES
Module is a container of functions,
variables, constants, class in a separate file which
can be reused.
IMPORTING MODULES
i) Import statement
ii) from statement
IMPORTING MODULES – import STATEMENT
i) import statement : used to import
entire module.
Syntax: import modulename
example: import math
IMPORTING MODULES – import STATEMENT
ii) from: import all functions or selected
one.
Syntax:
from module name import function name
for example:
from random import randint
3) USER DEFINED FUNCIONS
Function is a set of statements that
performs specific task.
Syntax of user defined function
def function_name(list of parameters)
................
................
Statements def is keyword
3) USER DEFINED FUNCIONS
def sum_diff(x,y):
add=x+y
diff=x-y
return add,diff
def main():
x=9
y=3
a,b=sum_diff(x,y)
print("Sum = ",a)
print("diff = ",b)
main()
PARAMETERS AND ARGUMENTS IN FUNCTION
Parameters are the values which are
provided at the time of function definition.
def sum_diff(p,q): Parameters
add=p+q
diff=p-q
Parameter is also
return add,diff called as formal
parameter or
formal argument
PARAMETERS AND ARGUMENTS IN FUNCTION
Arguments are the values which are passed
while calling a function
def main(): Arguments
x=9
y=3
a,b=sum_diff(x,y)
Parameter is also
print("Sum = ",a) called as formal
print("diff = ",b) parameter or
main() formal argument
TYPES OF ARGUMENTS
Python supports following type of
arguments:
1. Positional arguments
2. Default Arguments
3. Keyword Arguments
4. Variable Length Arguments
1. POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS
1. POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS
2. DEFAULT ARGUMENTS
2. DEFAULT ARGUMENTS
When a function call is made without
arguments, the function has default values for
it for example:
3. KEYWORD ARGUMENTS
3. KEYWORD ARGUMENTS
4. VARIABLE LENGTH ARGUMENTS
In some situation one needs to pass as
many as argument to a function, python
provides a way to pass number of argument
to a function, such type of arguments are
called variable length arguments.
Variable length arguments are defined
with * symbol.
For Example: (next slide)
4. VARIABLE LENGTH ARGUMENTS
For Example:
def sum(*n):
total=0
for i in n:
total+=i
print(“Sum = “, total)
sum()
# Calling function
sum() o/p sum=0
sum(10) o/p sum=10
sum(10,20,30,40) o/p sum=100
PASSING ARRAYS/LISTS TO FUNCTIONS
Arrays in basic python are lists that contain
mixed data types and can be passed as an argument
to a function.
For Example: # Arithmetic mean of list
def list_avg(lst):
l=len(lst) def main():
sum=0 print(“Input integers”)
a=input()
for i in lst:
a=a.split()
sum+=i for i in range(len(a) ):
return sum/l a[i]=int(a[i])
avg=list_ave(a)
print (“Average is = “, avg)
SCOPE OF VARIABLES
Scope mean measure of access of
variable or constants in a program. Generally
there are two types of scope of variables:
i) Global (Module)
ii) Local (Function)
i) Global variables are accessed throughout the
program their scope is global
GLOBAL VARIABLES
def main():
x=9
For Example:
y=3
m=100 a,b=add_diff(x,y)
def add_diff(x,y): print("Sum = ",a)
add=x+y print("diff = ",b)
diff=x-y print("m in main function = ",m)
global m main()
m= m +10
print("m in add_diff function=",m)
return add,diff
Thank You
