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Predicate Logic and Expert System Implementation

The document discusses Prolog and predicate logic and how they relate to expert systems. It provides introductions to Prolog, predicate logic, and how predicates are used in Prolog. It also discusses different types of predicates and how expert systems work, including their components and inference methods.

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CHOPADE PRATIKSHA
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40 views

Predicate Logic and Expert System Implementation

The document discusses Prolog and predicate logic and how they relate to expert systems. It provides introductions to Prolog, predicate logic, and how predicates are used in Prolog. It also discusses different types of predicates and how expert systems work, including their components and inference methods.

Uploaded by

CHOPADE PRATIKSHA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prolog :

Predicate Logic and Expert


System Implementation
- Shourya Bhosale
Gaurav Bomble
Table of contents

01. 02. 03.

Intro to Prolog Predicates Predicate Types

04. 05. 06.

Expert Systems Inference Engine Implementation


Introduction to Prolog
● Prolog stands for Programming in Logic.
It’s a logic language, not an algorithmic
language.
● Prolog is a logic programming language
commonly used in artificial intelligence and
expert systems.
● It follows the logic programming paradigm,
where computations are based on rules and
facts.
Introduction to Predicate Logic
● Predicate logic, also known as first-order logic, is
a formal system for reasoning about statements
or propositions involving quantifiers such as "for
all" (∀) and "there exists" (∃).
● It extends propositional logic by allowing the use
of variables, predicates, and quantifiers to
represent more complex relationships and
statements.
Predicate Logic in Prolog
● Facts are statements about the world and
describe object properties and relation
between objects.
● Rules define how new facts can be
inferred.
Predicate Logic in Prolog
● In Prolog, predicates are used to define
relationships and properties.
● A program, or database in prolog, consists
of one or more predicates; each predicate
consists of one or more clauses.
● A clause is a base clause of it’s
unconditionally true.
Types of Predicates
● There are predefined predicates in prolog known as built-in predicates.
Eg. true/0 always true
false/0 always false
● Dynamic Predicates : to run properly, the prolog engine must be told which predicates are
alterable at runtime.
● Static Predicates : The ones which remain changed.
● Prolog compiles static and interprets dynamic predicates.
Introduction to Expert System

● Expert systems are AI systems that mimic human


expertise to solve complex problems.
● They are built using a knowledge base of expert
rules and a reasoning engine.
● The goal of an expert system is to provide expert-
level knowledge and reasoning to solve complex
problems.
Components of Expert System

Knowledge Base: Contains the domain-specific knowledge and rules used by the system.
Inference Engine: Processes information from the knowledge base to make decisions or draw conclusions.
User Interface: Allows users to interact with the system and receive information or recommendations.
Methods of Inference Engine
Forward Chaining

It's a method of reasoning where the system starts with known facts and uses inference
rules to derive new information.
Methods of Inference Engine
Backward Chaining

It starts with a goal (or query) and works backward through the rules to find the facts that
support the goal.
Thanks!!

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