Lesson+7+Medium+and+Techniques+ +

Lesson
Define medium and technique in an art concept.
Discuss the medium and technique as important components of form

through actual and hands-on activities.
Create an artwork that demonstrates knowledge of form of process of

transformation requiring skills, imagination, knowledge contemporary
material and techniques, and competence in technique.
What is
Medium?
Medium
Is defined as the material, or the
substance out of which a work is
made. Through these materials,
the artist express and
communicate feelings and ideas.
Activity 2:
1. Each group will be given one particular artist.
2. Each group will list all the medium that the artist is used
to form a particular output in a ¼ cartolina.
3. Then, the group will present and explain their output in
front of their classmates.
4. The group will be given 10 mins to do the task.
Sculpture
Uses metal, wood, stone, clay, and glass. This falls to
the category “three-dimensional” arts because they
occupy space and have volume. Pottery is a form of
sculpture.
Architect
Uses wood, bamboo, bricks, stone, concrete, and
various building materials. Building are also called
three dimensional since this occupy space and have
volume.
Painter
Uses pigments (watercolor, oil, tempera, textile paint,
acrylic, ink, and etc.) on a flat ground (wood, canvas,
paper, stone wall, such as cave painting).
Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889
Printmaker
Uses ink printed or transferred on a surface (wood, metal
plates, or silk screen) that is in keeping with duplicating or
reproducing process.
Print and painting are further classified as two-dimensional”
art because they include the surface or ground on which
cloring substances are applied. However, while paintings are
unique and one-of-a-kind, prints can be reproduced in a
several times.
Musician
Uses sounds and instrument (including
the human voice)
Dancer
Uses the body and its movements. It si often
accompanied by music. But there are dances
that do not rely on musical instrument to be
realized. Dance can tell stories, but other time
convey abstract ideas.
Theater artist
Integrates all arts and uses the stage, production
design, performance elements, script to enable
the visual, musical, dance and other aspects to
come together as a whole work.
Photographer and
Filmmaker
Use the camera to record the outside world.
FILMMAKER uses the cinematography to record
and put together production design, sound
engineering, performance, and screenplay.
In digital photography and film, the images can
be assimilated in the computer, thus eliminating
the need for celluloid or negatives, processing
chemicals or prints.
Writer
Writer of the different piece uses words.
What is
Technique?
Technique
Is a manner in which artist uses and
manipulates materials to achieve the
desired formal effect, and communicate
the desired concept, or meaning,
according to his or her personal style.
The distinctive character or nature of
the medium determines the
technique. For example the stone is
chiseled, wood is carved, clay is
modeled and shaped, and etc.
Techniques involves tools and technology,
ranging from the most traditional (carving,
silkscreen, analog photography, and
filmmaking) to the most contemporary
(digital photography, digital filmmaking,
music production, industrial design, and
robotics.)
Sculpture
•Modeling: Shaping and molding a pliable material like clay
or wax.
•Carving: Removing material from a solid block to reveal the
sculpture.
•Assemblage: Creating a sculpture by combining found
objects or materials.
Painter
Painting:
•Brushwork: Applying paint with brushes to create various
textures and effects.
•Color Mixing: Combining different hues to achieve desired
colors.
•Layering: Building up multiple layers of paint for depth and
richness.
Architect
1.Sketching and Drawing: Architects often start with hand-drawn
sketches to visualize initial concepts. These sketches help in
brainstorming and exploring design ideas.
2.Computer-Aided Design (CAD): CAD software is widely used by
architects to create precise and detailed digital drawings. It enhances
efficiency and provides accurate representations of architectural plans.
3.Model Making: Physical scale models are created to better understand
spatial relationships and the aesthetic qualities of a building. Various
materials like wood, cardboard, or 3D printing can be used for model
making.
1.Site Analysis: Before designing a building, architects conduct a
thorough analysis of the site, considering factors such as
topography, climate, and existing structures. This information
informs the design process and respects the natural environment.
2.Collaboration: Architects often collaborate with other
professionals, including engineers, interior designers, and regional
architects. Effective communication and teamwork are crucial for
successful project outcomes.
3.Material Selection: Choosing appropriate materials is a critical
aspect of architectural design. Architects consider factors such as
quality, aesthetics, cost, and environmental impact when selecting
materials for construction.
Photography
•Composition: Arranging elements within
the frame for visual impact.
•Lighting: Controlling light to enhance
mood and focus.
•Editing: Selecting and manipulating
images for the desired effect.
Generalization
Evaluation
Activity 3:
Instructions: Get ¼ sheet of paper and answer the following and
given questions.
1. What is the difference between medium and technique?

2. Give at least 2 medium of a sculpture.
3. Give at least 2 examples techniques of a sculpture.
CLASSIFICATION
ACCORDING TO HOW ART
IS EXPERIENCED and
ACCORDING TO THE
MEDIUM
MUSIC DIRECT SPATIAL
TIME-BASED RECORDED
VIRTUAL PRACTICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL PICTORIAL
AUDITORY NARRATIVE
DRAMATIC MUSICAL
CLASSIFICATION
ACCORDING TO
HOW ART IS
EXPERIENCED
• The experience of art occurs
when an individual encounters a
creative work; the perception
maybe direct (existing real or
physical space) or indirect.
For clarification, refer to the chart bunder
the Concept Notes. Note that some artworks
(as a single piece or a collection of discrete
works meant to be analyze as a whole, like in
installations) may posses components or
features that overlap with these
classifications.
DIRECT
The perceiver encounters the artwork in
physical space. To enable this, the form of art
work must be readily available to the spatial
SPATIAL
The form of artworks occupies “real” or
physical , three-dimensional height, as could
be perceived by the sense of touch, and is
measurable by length, width , or height.
Artworks interact with spatial elements such as
scale, proportion, light, and spatial arrangement,
shaping viewers' spatial awareness and sense of
orientation. Spatial experience considers how
viewers navigate and interact with artworks in
relation to their surrounding space, creating
immersive and site-specific encounters.
TIME-BASED
The form and/or concept of the artwork
entails a sequence of changes observable or
measurable by time, with periods that can
be definite or indefinite, and analyzed in its
entirely.
Viewers experience the passage of time
within the artwork, responding to rhythms,
narratives, and temporal sequences that
unfold before them.
RECORDED
Works in this category denote that they are
not directly the artworks themselves but
recorded of it. It can be perceived away from
the place and time of its production.
Recorded experience involves encountering art through
mediated formats such as audio recordings, video recordings,
or digital media. Viewers access recorded artworks through
various platforms, including streaming services, online
archives, or physical media formats. Recorded experience
enables asynchronous engagement with the artwork, allowing
viewers to revisit and experience the artwork repeatedly,
independent of its original presentation.
VIRTUAL
Works does not exist in a physical form or in
actual location, but is perceptible.
Virtual experience refers to engaging with art through
virtual environments or digital platforms. Virtual art
experiences utilize digital technologies such as virtual
reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), or immersive
digital simulations to create interactive and immersive
encounters with artworks. Viewers can explore virtual
exhibitions, interactive installations, or digital artworks
from anywhere with internet access, transcending
physical limitations and boundaries.
CLASSIFICATION
OF ARTWORKS
ACCORDING TO
MEDIUM
PRACTICAL
Works that primarily meant to be functional
in everyday life.
Practical art involves the creation of objects or designs with functional
purposes, such as furniture, architecture, ceramics, and textiles. Practical
art combines aesthetic considerations with utilitarian functions, blending
form and function to enhance daily life.
ENVIRONMENTAL
Widely describe a range of works or
practices that involve the use of space, or are
analyzed in the way that they interact with
their surroundings.
An important subcategory of environmental
art is ecological art, which concentrates on
concepts regarding life forms and human
activity and impact to earth’s natural
resources and uses site-specific forms to
covey this subject.
PICTORIAL
A classification of artwork that is predominantly visual and
spatial.
It encompasses visual art forms that primarily rely on two-
dimensional surfaces, such as painting, drawing, printmaking,
and photography. Pictorial artists use various techniques,
styles, and visual elements to create representational or
abstract images that communicate ideas, emotions, or
aesthetic qualities.
AUDITORY
Auditory art involves the creation of sound-based
artworks, including music, sound installations, and audio
compositions. Auditory artists utilize sonic elements
such as rhythm, melody, harmony, and texture to evoke
emotional responses, convey narratives, or explore the
properties of sound itself.
NARRATIVE
Narrative art focuses on storytelling and the depiction of
sequential events, characters, or scenarios. Narrative
artworks include literature, graphic novels, comics, film,
and sequential art forms that use visual and textual
elements to construct narratives, convey themes, and
engage audiences in storytelling experiences.
DRAMATIC
A term tied up with theater, and is used (in
the book) to describe works done by or for a
performance-based representation, such as
by actors.
MUSICAL
Musical art encompasses the creation and performance
of music, including instrumental compositions, vocal
performances, and sonic experiments. Musicians use
melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre to express
emotions, communicate ideas, and engage listeners in
auditory experiences.
COMBINED ARTS
SIMULACRUM
An artificial or “fake” reality.
HYPERREAL
Having the quality that is “more real than
real,” despite not having a counter part in
real life.
UNDERSTANDING
THE ART FORM
• The key thought behind the integrative
characteristic is that of all mediums in a
work are-or must be experienced and
analyzed by the viewer as a whole,
because each medium contributes to or
expound upon the core ideas of the main
piece.
• When concentrating only on selected
aspect of artwork, there is danger of
losing the nuances in meaning, especially
when the artist’s/artists’ Intent is
complex.
• Technique is tool and skill-based. If
the medium is the base material, the
use of technique is the manner that it
achieves forms, which in turn is the
perceptible shape, structure, or
dimensionality.
• Definition of techniques is
different from style.
• Style is for coherent look or
pattern while technique is the
means to achieve a style.
Form
Direct indirect
perception perception
(Artifacts)
Spatial and Documentation

Time-based
Static or recording
live
Streaming Virtual
(Artificial Space, Asynchronous)
• By using the term virtual, the artwork
does not exist in a physical form or in
an actual location, but it is
perceptible and oftentimes
interactive.

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Lesson

Define medium and technique in an art concept.

Discuss the medium and technique as important components of form

Create an artwork that demonstrates knowledge of form of process of

1. What is the difference between medium and technique?

Spatial and Documentation

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