Chapter 1

Introduction to Application Development

Content
1.1 Definition of Application. 1.2 Application Development Process. 1.3 Different Types of Application Development Tools. 1.4 Introduction to Visual Basic.NET. 1.5 The Visual Studio Environment

Introduction to VB.NET

1.1 Definition of Application

also called end-user programs includes database programs, word processors, and spreadsheets. applications software sits on top of systems software because it is unable to run without the operating system and system utilities.
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1.2 Application Development Process

Performing a Task on the Computer

Determine Output Identify Input Determine process necessary to turn given Input into desired Output

Program Planning Program Development Cycle

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Problem-solving: approach like algebra class

How fast is a car traveling if it goes 50 miles in 2 hours? Output: a number giving the speed in miles per hour Input: the distance and time the car has traveled Process: speed = distance / time
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Pictorial representation of the problem solving process

Introduction to VB.NET

Program Planning

A recipe is a good example of a plan Ingredients and amounts are determined by what you want to bake Ingredients are input The way you combine them is the processing What is baked is the output Program Planning Tips

Always have a plan before trying to write a program The more complicated the problem, the more complex the plan must be Planning and testing before coding saves time coding
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Program development cycle

Software refers to a collection of instructions for the computer The computer only knows how to do what the programmer tells it to do Therefore, the programmer has to know how to solve problems The Cycle are:

Analyze: Define the problem. Design: Plan the solution to the problem. Choose the interface: Select the objects (text boxes, buttons, etc.). Code: Translate the algorithm into a programming language. Test and debug: Locate and remove any errors in the program. Complete the documentation: Organize all the materials that describe the program.
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Software Development LifeCycle

Waterfall Model in SDLC (Dix. 2004)

Requirements specification Architectural design Detailed design Implementation and Unit Testing Integration and testing Operation and maintenance
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1.3 Different Types of Application Development Tools

Boolean C++ VB 6 ASP - Active Server Pages, a web-scripting interface by Microsoft PHP an open source programming language Dream Viewer Lotus Note Oracle Microsoft Access
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1.4 Introduction to Visual Basic.NET

Windows Graphical User Interface Window = Form Toolbox of elements called Controls

Text Box Label Check Box Button

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Programming Languages

Procedural

Program specifies exact sequence

Event Driven (VB 6.0 and previous) Object Oriented Programming (VB .NET)

User controls sequence

Click event Double Click event Change event

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Visual Studio .NET

Included in Visual Studio .NET

Visual Basic (can also be purchased separately) Visual C++ C# J# .NET Framework
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Visual Studio .NET Editions

Standard Professional Enterprise Developer Enterprise Architect

Visual Basic.NET

An object oriented language Object oriented programming terminology

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Object Oriented Programming Terminology

Object ==> Noun

Form and Controls Color of a Form Move a Form

Property ==> Adjective

Method ==> Verb

Event ==> Occurs when the user takes action

User clicks a button, User moves a form

Each control added is an Instance of a Class
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Class ==> Template to create new object

Dot Notation

Used to reference object's properties and events in code

Object dot Property

Form.Text, TextBox.Text
Form.Hide( ), TextBox.Focus( )

Object dot Event

To reference an object's events use an underscore instead of a dot

Button_Click, ListBox_TextChanged
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Object Oriented Analogy

Class = automobile Properties = make, model, color, year Object = each individual car

Object is also an Instance of the automobile class

Methods = start, stop, speedup, slowdown Events = car arrives, car crashes
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Writing Visual Basic Projects

Planning

Design Interface Plan Properties Plan Code Create Forms and Controls Set Properties Write Code
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Programming

VB Application Files
Open this file directly to work on a Project

One Solution File Solution User Options File Form Files Resource File for the Form Project Files Project User Options File

.sln .suo .vb .resx

.vbproj .vbproj.user

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1.5 The Visual Studio Environment

Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Form Designer Editor for entering code Compiler Debugger Object Browser
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Visual Studio IDE Start Page

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IDE Main Window

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New Project Dialog

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IDE Main Window

Toolbars Document Window Form Designer Solution Explorer Window Properties Window Toolbox
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VB Toolbox

Holds the controls you place on a form

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Visual Studio Help

Extensive Help feature Includes Microsoft Developer Network library (MSDN) Entire reference manual Coding examples

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Modes

Design Time Run Time Break Time

Look at the Title Bar

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Hello World Project Design the User Interface

messageLabel

pushButton

exitButton
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Properties Window-Label1

Rename Label1 to messageLabel

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Set the Properties

Label

Name Text
Name Text Name Text Name Text

messageLabel leave blank

pushButton Push Me exitButton Exit helloForm Hello World by your name
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Button 1

Button 2

Form

Set the Project's Startup Object

The default startup object is Form1 The name of the form should always be changed to adhere to naming rules Click on Project name in Solution Explorer window, choose Project menu, Properties and change the startup object to match the new form name
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Project Property Page Dialog

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Write Code

While the project is running the user can perform actions Each action by the user causes an Event to occur Write code for the events you care about, the events you want to respond to with code Code is written as event procedures VB will ignore events for which you do not write code
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Remark Statement

Also known as Comment, used for documentation Non-executable Automatically colored Green in Editor Begins with an apostrophe ( ' )

On a separate line from executable code At the right end of a line of executable code ' Display the Hello World message.
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Editor Window

Declarations Section Class list Method list

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Assignment Statement

Assigns a value to a property or variable Operates from right to left Enclose text strings in quotation marks (" ")

messageLabel.Text=" Hello World "

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Ending a Program

Execute the Close Method of the Form Methods always have parentheses
(this will help you distinguish them from Properties which never have parentheses)

Current Form may be referenced as Me Me.Close( )

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Test and Debug

Save Project - File Menu, Save All Run Project

Debug Menu, Start Start

(F5)

Start Without Debugging(CTRL F5) Compile errors Run-Time Errors Logic errors Syntax errors

Correct any Errors and Rerun

"Help is always available from the Help Menu or by pressing F1."

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Recommended Naming Conventions for VB Objects

Object Class Form Button TextBox Label Radio Button CheckBox Horizontal ScrollBar Vertical ScrollBar PictureBox ComboBox ListBox Example dataEntryForm exitButton paymentAmountTextBox totalLabel boldRadioButton printSummaryCheckBox rateHorizontalScrollBar temperatureVerticalScrollBar landscapePictureBox bookListComboBox ingredientsListBox Introduction to VB.NET 39

Naming Rules and Conventions

Have a set of standards and always follow them No spaces, punctuation marks or reserved words Use camel casing

Examples

messageLabel exitButton dataEntryForm paymentAmountTextBox

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The End Of
Chapter 1