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    Acid, Bases and Salts - Module 1

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    Acid, Bases and Salts - Module 1

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    piyushprajapati0iy
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    Acid,Bases and Salts- Module 1 (1)

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    21 views14 pages

    Acid, Bases and Salts - Module 1

    Uploaded by

    piyushprajapati0iy

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    SCIENCE

    Name of the Chapter : Acids, Bases and Salts.


    Class : VII
    MODULE : 1
    TOPICS TO BE COVERED

     Introduction
     Acids
     Bases
     Indicators
     Neutralisation
     Salts
     Examples from our
    daily life
     Recapitulation
    INTRODUCTION
    Why do we want to study about acids and bases ??
    WHAT ARE ACIDS?
     The chemical substances that tastes sour are known as
    acids.( latin word ‘acere’ means ‘sour’)
     There are some edible or food substances(fruit and
    vegetables) that have a sour taste.
    CLASSIFICATION OF ACIDS- ORIGIN
    NATURAL OR ORGANIC ACIDS
    NATURAL / ORGANIC ACIDS SOURCES

    TARTARIC ACID TAMARIND, GRAPES,


    UNRIPE- MANGOES
    MALIC ACID APPLES AND PEARS
    CITRIC ACID LEMON, ORANGE
    ASCORBIC ACID ALL CITRUS FRUITS LIKE
    (VITAMIN C) LIME,LEMONS, ORANGE,
    GRAPEFRUITS, GUAVA , KIWI,

    AMLA
    OXALIC ACID SPINACH,TOMATOES
    AMINO ACIDS PROTEINS

    ACETIC ACID VINEGAR

    LACTIC ACID CURD


    ORGANIC ACIDS VS INORGANIC ACIDS

    ORGANIC ACIDS/ MINERAL ACIDS/ MAN-


    NATURAL ACIDS MADE OR SYNTHETIC
    ACIDS
    1.They are obtained from plants They are prepared from minerals
    and animals. obtained from the earth.

    2.They are weak acids. They are very strong and


    dangerous acids.
    3.These are naturally occuring These are man-made acids.
    acids.

    4. They are mostly used in food They are used in science


    factories as preservatives. laboratories to perform
    experiments.
    CLASSIFICATION OF ACIDS - STRENGTH

    Strong and weak acids :


    An acid is said to be strong, if it ionises completely in
    in water and releases hydrogen ion.( )
    Example Concentrated Hydrochloric acid,
    Concentrated Sulpuric acid and Concentrated Nitric acid.

    An acid is a weak acid if it does not ionise completely


    in water.
    Example Acetic acid, citric acid and tartaric
    acid etc.
    CLASSIFICATION OF ACIDS - CONCENTRATION
    PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
    • Acids have sour taste.
    • Strong mineral acids are corrosive in nature.
    • They cause severe painful burns to the skin.( So, they
    should never be handled with bare hands or tasted.)
    • Acids react with bases to produce salt and water.
    • Aqueous solution of acids are good conductors of electricity.
    • Acids change the colour of blue litmus to red.
    USES OF ACIDS

     In Industries: The industrial production of explosives,


    dyes, paints and fertilizers involves the use of sulfuric
    acid and nitric acid. Also sulfuric acid is used in
    batteries of automobiles.

     As laboratory reagents: Hydrochloric acid and


    sulphuric acids are used as laboratory reagents.

     Weak acids are used as food preservatives in food


    processing industry.
    RECAPITULATION
     Substances that tastes sour are called acids and their
    nature is acidic.
     Acids can be classified into organic acids / natural acids
    or inorganic/ mineral acids , strong or weak acids and
    concentrated or dilute acids.
     Acids are sour in taste, corrosive in nature and form salt
    and water with a base.
     Acids are widely used in industries, food processing
    factories and in household purposes as well.

    Thank You !!!!


    QUESTIONS TO BE DONE IN THE NOTEBOOK.
    Q1. What are acids? Name any two acids.

    Q2. What are organic acids. Name any two organic acids.

    Q3. How are mineral acids different from organic acids?

    Q4. Write one use of (a) sulphuric acid (b) hydrochloric


    acid, (c) nitric acid

    Q5. Differentiate between strong and weak acids with


    example.
    Q6. How will you prepare dilute solution of an acid?

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