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Module 1-Lesson 2

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Module 1-Lesson 2

Uploaded by

Abel E. Sadji
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Computer System

Week 3-4
Objectives
• identify the type peripherals connected to the
computer system; and
• discuss the functions of the connected hardware
devices to the computer system in data
processing.
Identify the hardware devices
below based on their function
to data processing. Write
INPUT for input devices,
PROCESS for hardware used
for data processing inside the
system unit, and OUTPUT for
output devices.
Justify why each hardware device is an
INPUT device, a hardware used for
data PROCESSING, and OUTPUT
device.
What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic hardware device that
operates and functions under the control of instructions
called programs. People use computers as a means to
do certain tasks and attain target objectives. Computers
will not work on their own, people need to operate on
them.
A computer works like a human brain. The
brains stores information from our senses
and then uses these to guide human actions.
So does the computer, it needs information to
work on. The information which enters the
computer is called data.
Computer has the ability to store, retrieve and
process data. You may already know that you
can use a computer to type documents, send
email, play games, and browse the Web. You can
also use it to edit or
create spreadsheets, presentations, and
even videos.
A computer system is the collection of
entities: hardware, software, and liveware
that are designed to receive, process, manage
and present information in a meaningful
format.
Components of Computer
System
Computer Hardware – refers to the physical
and tangible computer equipment and
devices, which provide support for major
functions such as input, processing, output,
and communication.
Example: Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, Printer,
Speaker, and etc.
Computer Software - the system software is a
collection of programs designed to operate, control, and
extend the processing capabilities of the computer itself.
System software is generally prepared by the computer
manufacturers. These software products comprise of
programs written in low-level languages, which interact
with the hardware at a very basic level.
Example: Windows, Linux,
Android, and etc.
Liveware – is the computer user. Also known
as the humanware. The user commands the
computer system to execute on instructions.
The system unit is the part of the computer were data
processing took place. Majority called this part as CPU, in
which, CPU is just a part of the system unit located inside of it.
The picture above shows what is inside the SYSTEM UNIT. All
devices used in a computer are directly connected to it.
Monitor, speaker, keyboard, mouse, printer and other devices
can be connected to the computer are must be connected to
the system unit through the different type of ports available in
a system unit. Ports are connected or attached to the
motherboard where the brain of the computer system
located.
Basic Parts of Computer System
Unit
Motherboard – is the main circuit board of your
computer and is also known as the system board or
the logic board. This is the host of the Central
Processing Unit or the CPU, memory, and all other
essential elements of the computer.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) – is also
called as a central processor, the electronic
circuitry within a computer that executes
instructions that make up a computer
program. And is considered as the main brain
of the computer system
• Memory – where data and programs are placed for the execution by the
CPU, and is directly connected to the motherboard through a slot called
socket.
• Three types of Memory
• RAM (Random Access Memory) – Is a computer’s short-term memory. None of
your programs, files, any applications would work without RAM. It temporarily
stores everything currently running on your device.
• ROM (Read Only Memory) – refers to computer memory chips containing
permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even
after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain. Almost every
computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware.
• CMOS (Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) – is the memory on a
motherboard that stores the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) settings. It also
stores the date, calendar, and current time of the computer.
Internal Storage – this is the primary
storage device used to store user’s files
and applications. Where data is kept
for future use.
Power Supply – it is a hardware
component of a computer that supplies all
other components with power
CPU Cooling – is a device designed to
draw heat away from the system
processor and other components in the
enclosure. To ensure that the processor
chip is cooled to a level that it operates
efficiently
Heat Sink – is a piece of metal that sits on top of a
computer chip such as CPU and draws power away
from components by letting it rise through a set of fins.
It needs to make strong contact with the source of heat
in order to maximize cooling.

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