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    Unit-1 (Oracle Architectural Components)

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    Sarthak Singh Chandel

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    Unit-1 (Oracle Architectural Components)

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    26 views9 pages

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    26 views9 pages

    Unit-1 (Oracle Architectural Components)

    Uploaded by

    Sarthak Singh Chandel

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Oracle Architectural Components

    • Oracle server architecture


    • Structure that connects user to Oracle servers
    • Stages in processing queries, changes, and commits
    Oracle Architectural Components
    Oracle Server Architecture
    Every Oracle database, from the smallest Oracle
    application running on a hand-held device to
    terabyte data warehouses that run on mainframes
    and supercomputers, has memory, various disk,
    and process components of the oracle instance.
    They allow for applications, ranging from online
    transaction processing (OLTP) apps to N-tier apps
    to data marts to data warehouses, to process their
    data efficiently and effectively.
    SGA:- Oracle’s Primary Memory
    Component
    There are two basic memory structures in Oracle.
    1. System Global Area (SGA)
    a) Buffer Cache
    b) Shared Pool
    c) Redo Log Buffer
    d) Others
    i. Java pool
    ii. Large pool
    SGA:- Oracle’s Primary Memory
    Component
    1. Buffer Cache
    a) This memory structure consists of buffers, each the size of a
    database block, that store data needed by SQL statements
    issued by user processes.
    b) The size of a buffer cache is indicated in a parameter file as the
    number of buffers and not in bytes.
    c) Purpose of buffer cache:-
    i. To improve performance for subsequent repeated select statements
    on the same data
    ii. To enable Oracle users to make data changes quickly in memory,
    Oracle writes those data changes to disk later.
    SGA:- Oracle’s Primary Memory
    Component
    2. Shared Pool
    There are two mandatory structures and one optional structure in the
    oracle shared pool.
    a) Library Cache
    It is used for storing parsed SQL statement text and the
    statement’s execution plan for reuse.
    b) Dictionary Cache also known as row cache
    It is used for storing recently accesses information from the Oracle data
    dictionary,
    such a table and column definitions, usernames, passwords, and privileges

    Note:- The optional shared pool structure contains session information


    about user processes connected to Oracle.
    SGA:- Oracle’s Primary Memory
    Component
    3. Redo Log Buffer
    It temporarily stores in memory the redo entry information generated by
    DML statements run in user sessions until Oracle writes the information to
    disk.

    DML statements include update, delete, and insert statements run by users.

    What is a redo entry?


    It is a small amount of information produced and saved by Oracle to
    reconstruct , or redo, changes made to the database by insert, update,
    delete, create, alter, and drop statements.

    If some sort of failure occurred, the DBA can use redo information to
    recover the Oracle database to the point of database failure.
    PGA:- Oracle User’s Memory Area
    Program Global Area (PGA)
    The program global area (PGA), helps user processes
    execute by storing information like bind variable values,
    sort areas, and other aspects of cursor handling.

    Why do users need their own area to execute?

    ** The parse information for SQL or PL/SQL may already


    be available in the library cache of the shared pool, the
    values upon which the user wants to execute the select
    or update statement cannot be shared.
    Server Process:- Reading Data from
    Disk for Users
    There are several types of processes running all the
    time in Oracle. These types are
    1. Background processes
    2. Server process
    3. Network processes.

    ** The Server process acts on the user’s behalf to pull


    Oracle data from disk into the buffer cache, where the
    user can manipulate it.

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