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TDMA in SC

The document discusses Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) for satellite communication. It explains how TDMA works by having earth stations take turns transmitting data during allocated time slots, and describes frame efficiency calculations. It also compares TDMA to Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), noting advantages of TDMA like increased capacity and easier integration with terrestrial networks.

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Manish Kumawat
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47 views7 pages

TDMA in SC

The document discusses Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) for satellite communication. It explains how TDMA works by having earth stations take turns transmitting data during allocated time slots, and describes frame efficiency calculations. It also compares TDMA to Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), noting advantages of TDMA like increased capacity and easier integration with terrestrial networks.

Uploaded by

Manish Kumawat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Satellite communication
Prof. P.K Sahu
National Institute of Technology, Rourkela
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Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)

 In the mode of accessing , satellite’s entire Bandwidth and power is shared by one Earth station at a time.
 All Stations get access for the available resource on time sharing basis.
 Only one stations gets access for the pre-determined time slot.
 Other stations wait for their time slots and hold data during the period.
 Accumulated data is sent at a faster rate compared to the rate at which collects from the terrestrial users.
 It is as illustrated below :
Assume there are 10 numbers of earth stations accessing the transponder on time sharing basis. Each
station is allowed to transmit for 20 ms. Hence, a particular station will have toto resume transmission for another
20 ms. During this the earth station collects data at rate r b (say) rbbits/sec.
Data collected = bits.
3
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)

Now the collected data is to be sent by the earth station in 20 ms.


Therefore, the rate at which the collected data in to be sent is bits/sec.
Hence, Rb and Rb is know as the burst rate. Burst rate terminology is appropriate in the sense that a
huge amount of data is sent is a short time duration.
 As the interleaved bursts are received , receiver needs time to find information contained is bursts.
 Some time is needed to properly identity the data is a burst.
 Search and find carrier frequency; carrier recovery (CR) time.
 Search and find transmission bit timing and synchronize the bits rate the recovered bit timing : Bit Timing
Recovery (BTR)
 Similarly search for other timing patterns at the before the information bits are analyzed. There are collectively
know as over head time in addition to Guard Time (GT)
4
TDMA frame with 5 stations bursts
A,B,C,D,E are the 5 stations in the TDMA mode of accessing.

Ref. B A D E C Ref. B A D E C Ref. B A D

Guard Time
Ref. Burst.
… User
CR BTR
… data

Non information bits Frame Time

Over head time = Frame Time – Time used to transmit useful bits
All the above times can be counted in terms of number of bits at TDMA transmission bits rates
Since, over head time does not convey any information , the Frame Efficiency can be computed based
on the useful time of the frame for used information trans..
Number 𝑜𝑓 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑓𝑢𝑙 𝑏𝑖𝑡𝑠 5
% 𝑛𝑓 = ×100
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡

Therefore ,Total number of possible bits in a frame


= Frame time

Example :- Assume frame time =


Frame Efficiency
TDMA transmission rate = 120 Mbps
Guard Time with equivalent number of bits = 128 bits
Other over head bits including Referance Burst
= N overhead per burst + RB bits
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Hence , total number of overhead bits is a frame
=over head per burst + RB bits +

k Frame Efficiency = 1- = 1-

Where N is the number of stations accessing the transponder.


Total number of bits in the frame = 120
If number of overhead bits in the frame = 128
Then
Where N = number of earth stations = 15
K=N
RB contains 824 bits
 Frame efficiency = 95
7
FDMA Vs TDMA

The advantages of TDMA over FDMA are as follows :-


1. Transmission capacity of the TDMA system is independent of the number of accesses.
2. Full power of the transponder can be used in TDMA by single station access as opposed to
that of a FDMA system. This increase the capacity of multiple accesses.
3. The duty cycle of the earth station in a TDMA system is low.
4. TDMA systems are more economical as compared to FDMA systems ,because they are easy
to multiplex ,independent of distance and can be easily interfaced with terrestrial services.
5. TDMA system can tolerate higher levels of interference and noise.
6. TDMA system is more complex as compared to FDMA

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