Apex Institute of Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF AIT - CSE

B.E. CSE with Specialization in BDA
22CST-291- Business Intelligence
By: Dr. Amit Vajpayee (E14118)

Lecture -6,7 & 8

What Are The Types of OLAP Systems?
Integrated BI and Performance Management? DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
1
Dynamic roles in Business Intelligence
Chapter Course Objectives

The course aims to:

Understand the concept of business intelligence.
1. Understand the importance of data visualization.
Design and develop a micro strategy in intelligence.

Chapter Course Outcomes

CO1: Comprehend business intelligence
CO2: Analyse datasets using data visualization tool
CO3: Design strategic approaches in business
CO4: Explain different BI Tools
1. CO5: Apply various BI Tools in Real-Time Problem Solution

2
Business Intelligence Platform
• A business intelligence platform—or BI platform—serves as a foundation for development
teams to get analytics projects off the ground faster than coding everything themselves. A
business intelligence platform is especially beneficial for embedded analytics projects that
require highly customizable options as well as quick release times.
• Application teams facing a business intelligence project often struggle with the “build vs.
buy” dilemma. This often boils down to a choice between faster releases that offer very little
customization with a third-party product, or more custom and tailored releases that take longer
because they are code intensive and built from scratch.
• A BI platform provides a third option. The business intelligence platform allows an
application team to customize exactly what they need while reducing time to market by
providing a litany of pre-built elements (including charts, dashboards, and customization
themes) that serve as a ready-made infrastructure for development teams.
• As a result, developers avoid having to write and check every line of code as they would if
they were building the application from the ground up.
3
• A modern business intelligence platform also supports self-service analytics by making it easy
for end users to build their own dashboards and reports. True self-service BI capabilities
empower users to manipulate dashboards, reports, and visualizations themselves—without
constantly sending ad-hoc analytics requests to their IT or application development teams.
• Additionally, a best-of-breed business intelligence platform offers turnkey analytics security
that integrates seamlessly with the application’s existing infrastructure.
• Business intelligence (BI) platforms enable enterprises to build BI applications by providing
capabilities in three categories: analysis, such as online analytical processing (OLAP);
information delivery, such as reports and dashboards; and platform integration, such as BI
metadata management and a development environment.

4
Three categories are:
• OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) is the technology behind many Business Intelligence
(BI) applications. OLAP is a powerful technology for data discovery, including capabilities for
limitless report viewing, complex analytical calculations, and predictive “what if” scenario
(budget, forecast) planning.

5
How is OLAP Technology Used?
• OLAP is an acronym for Online Analytical Processing. OLAP performs multidimensional
analysis of business data and provides the capability for complex calculations, trend analysis,
and sophisticated data modeling.
• It is the foundation for many kinds of business applications for Business Performance
Management, Planning, Budgeting, Forecasting, Financial Reporting, Analysis, Simulation
Models, Knowledge Discovery, and Data Warehouse Reporting.
• OLAP enables end-users to perform ad hoc analysis of data in multiple dimensions, thereby
providing the insight and understanding they need for better decision making.

6
ADVANTAGE OF OLAP
• OLAP technology has been defined as the ability to achieve “fast access to shared
multidimensional information.” Given OLAP technology’s ability to create very fast
aggregations and calculations of underlying data sets, one can understand its usefulness in
helping business leaders make better, quicker “informed” decisions.

Types OLAP Systems

• OLAP systems vary quite a lot, and they have generally been distinguished by a letter tagged
onto the front of the acronym “OLAP,” for On-Line Analytical Processing. MOLAP and
ROLAP have classically been the most established types, and the other distinctions represent
little more than the marketing programs on the part of the vendors to distinguish themselves,
for example, SOLAP and DOLAP.

7
Hybrid Transaction / Analytical Processing (HTAP)
• Gartner coined the term HTAP in a paper in the beginning of 2014 to describe new in-memory
data systems that do both online transaction processing (OLTP) and online analytical
processing (OLAP).
• HTAP relies on newer and much more powerful, often distributed, processing: sometimes it
involves a new hardware “appliance”, and it almost always requires a new software platform.
Beyond this, the key point seems to be that all the technology is sited in the relational
database. And so, there’s no more data replication, and new transactional information
becomes part of an analytical model in as fast a time as is technologically possible.
• HTAP represents a new way to tie data together in a way that hasn’t been possible before– a
real uniting of relational data stored in tables with the data models that are used for decision
making by the business leaders.

8
Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP) – Cube based
• MOLAP products enable end-users to model data in a multidimensional environment, rather
than providing a multidimensional view of relational data, as ROLAP products do (see next
tab).
• The structure of a multidimensional model is not a series of tables (as exists in a relational
database) but what is generally referred to as a cube. Cubes modeled in a multidimensional
database extend the concept associated with spreadsheets: just as a cell in a spreadsheet
represents the intersection of two dimensions (sales of product by region), a cell in a cube
represents the intersection of an infinite number of dimension members (e.g., Products,
Customers, Regions, Months …nth dimension). As in a spreadsheet, a cell might be calculated
by formulas involving other cells.
• In short, multidimensional databases allow users to add extra dimensions, rather than
additional tables, as in a relational model.

9
Relational OLAP (ROLAP) –Star Schema based
• ROLAP products (for Relational OLAP) are credited with being able to directly access data
stored in relational databases. The notion is that they can readily retrieve transactional data,
although this becomes suspect when very large data sets are in play, or if more complex
calculations are to be delivered, based on the transactional data. ROLAP products enable
organizations to leverage their existing investments in RDBMS (relational database
management system) software.
• ROLAP products access a relational database by using SQL (structured query language),
which is the standard language that is used to define and manipulate data in an RDBMS.
Subsequent processing may occur in the RDBMS or within a mid-tier server, which accepts
requests from clients, translates them into SQL statements, and passes them on to the
RDBMS.
• ROLAP products provide GUIs and generate SQL execution plans that typically remove end-
users from the SQL writing process. However, this over-reliance on processing via SQL
statements—including processing for multidimensional analysis—is a drawback.
10
Hybrid OLAP (HOLAP)
• HOLAP is the product of the attempt to incorporate the best features of MOLAP and ROLAP into a
single architecture. This kind of tool tries to bridge the technology gap of both products by
enabling access to or use of both multidimensional database (MDDB) and Relational Database
Management System (RDBMS) data stores.
• HOLAP systems store larger quantities of detailed data in the relational tables while the
aggregations are stored in the pre-calculated cubes. HOLAP also has the capacity to “drill through”
from the cube down to the relational tables for delineated data.Some of the advantages of this
system are better scalability, quick data processing and flexibility in accessing of data sources.
• The issue with HOLAP systems lies precisely in the fact that they are hybrids: at best they partake
of the strengths of other systems…but they also evince the weaknesses of each, in an attempted
mashup of two distinct technologies.

11
Hybrid OLAP (HOLAP)
• HOLAP is the product of the attempt to incorporate the best features of MOLAP and ROLAP
into a single architecture. This kind of tool tries to bridge the technology gap of both products
by enabling access to or use of both multidimensional database (MDDB) and Relational
Database Management System (RDBMS) data stores.
• HOLAP systems store larger quantities of detailed data in the relational tables while the
aggregations are stored in the pre-calculated cubes. HOLAP also has the capacity to “drill
through” from the cube down to the relational tables for delineated data. Some of the
advantages of this system are better scalability, quick data processing and flexibility in
accessing of data sources.
• The issue with HOLAP systems lies precisely in the fact that they are hybrids: at best they
partake of the strengths of other systems…but they also evince the weaknesses of each, in an
attempted mashup of two distinct technologies.

12
Other Types:
Desktop OLAP (DOLAP)
• Desktop OLAP, or “DOLAP,” is based on the idea that user can download a section of
an OLAP model from another source, and work with that dataset locally, on their desktop.
DOLAP is purportedly easier to deploy, with a potential lower cost, but almost by definition
comes with a limited functionality in comparison with other OLAP applications.
Web OLAP (WOLAP)
• Simply put, a WOLAP signifies a Web browser – based OLAP technology. And it suggests a
technology that is Web-based only, without any kind of option for a local install or local client
to access data. The most appealing features of this style of OLAP was (past tense intended,
since few products categorize themselves this way) the considerably lower investment
involved on the client side (“all that’s needed is a browser”) and enhanced accessibility to
connect to the data.

13
Mobile OLAP
• Mobile OLAP is merely refers to OLAP functionalities on a wireless or mobile device. This
enables users to access and work on OLAP data and applications remotely thorough the use of
their mobile devices.

Spatial OLAP (SOLAP)

• The aim of Spatial OLAP (thus, SOLAP) is to integrate the capabilities of both Geographic
Information Systems (GIS) and OLAP into a unified solution, thus facilitating the
management of both spatial and non-spatial data.
• The driving idea is to provide quick exploration of data that can point to trends and analysis in
a geographic context, whether place-names sourced from a GIS or overlaying maps that show,
for example, customer purchase behaviour.

14
Information delivery
• Information delivery is a core functionality in any embedded analytics application. Improving
how data is presented to business users is often the main reason software providers want to
take on an embedded analytics project. In addition to satisfying users’ informational needs, the
look and feel of these capabilities should align with the style of the embedding application.
Information delivery typically includes the following capabilities:
• Dashboards and data visualizations: A range of visualizations, such as charts, gauges, heat
maps, and geographic maps, enables users to quickly draw conclusions and monitor key
performance indicators. These can be presented in the context of a single chart or in a
collection of visualizations in a dashboard.
• Reports: This is a tabular display of data, often with numerical figures and grouped within
categories. Interactivity can include dropdowns and filters for users to view specific slices of
data.

15
• Mobile: Capabilities are made available to users on mobile devices, ensuring accurate visual
display of information as well as compatibility with mobile device features such as touch
input.
• Scheduling and exports: Dashboards and reports can be scheduled for delivery, used in
conjunction with thresholds/alerts, or exported to other formats for printing or offline access.

16
THANK YOU

For queries
Email: [email protected]
17