Introduction to Matlab
& Data Analysis
Lecture 1: Introduction
Lecture time:
Thursday 11:00 – 13:00
Course website: http://www.weizmann.ac.il/midrasha/courses/MatlabIntro/
Eran Eden, Weizmann 2008 © 1
Team members
Lecturers:
Natalie Kalev-Kronik
[email protected] Eran Eden
Maya Geva
Tutors:
Yuval Hart
Maya Geva
Exercise checkers:
Yuval Dorfan
Anat Tzimmer
2
Tips / formalities
Course website
http://www.weizmann.ac.il/midrasha/courses/MatlabIntro
The website contains
Course material: Lectures + tutorials + other Matlab resources
HW and solutions
News
Where can I do the HW?
On any pc computer at Weizmann (installation of Matlab will be discussed in the
first tutorial)
In the tutorial class
Grade
HWs 60% + 40% ( Exam)
Course references
Official course book: Mastering Matlab 7, Hanselman & Littlefield
Matlab built in tutorial and references
3
Tips / formalities
Signing up for tutorials
(#1) Wed 11:00 – 12:00
(#2) Wed 12:00 – 13:00
(#3) Wed 13:00 – 14:00
HW assistance at the computer room
Once a week in Levine 101
Tuesday 8-9 am
4
Course overview
Introduction to Matlab
Maya Geva:
Matlab building blocks: 1D 2D and 3D Image Processing toolbox
arrays
Simple data analysis and graphics
Signal processing tollbox, curvefitting toolbox
Eran Eden
Control and boolean logic The Bioinformatics Toolbox
Unsupervised learning using Statistics
Loops Toolbox
Supervised learning & the Artificial Neural
Functions and program design network Toolbox
Cells, structures and Files
Simple algorithms and complexity
Debugger
GUI toolbox
5
For whom is the course intended?
• For student with no or little experience of Matlab- first two thirds of
the course.
• For students familiar with Matlab who want to expand their knowledge
using Matlab toolboxes- especially last four weeks.
6
What is the course about?
(1) Programming in Matlab
(2) Tackling data analysis problems with Matlab
7
What is the course about?
Example #1 of a data analysis problem
CAGCATATTTGAAGCCGGGCCCACACACAATTGGGGAACGGATCCCCGCGGCCTCCCGGCA
GACCCCGTCCGGCACGACGACGAAGAAGGGGAGGATGAAGTCGAATTTGAAGCGGATGAAG
GATGAGGAGAGTGACGAAGAAGAGGACGAAGACGACGAGGTCCTTGACGAGGAAGTGAACT
ATTGAATTTGAAGCTTATTCCATCTCAGATAATGATTATGACGGAATTAAGAAATTACTAG
CAGCAGCTTTTCCTAAAGGCTCCTGTGAACACTGCAGAACTAACAGATCTCTTAATTCATA
CAGAACCATATTGGAAGTGTGAATTTGAAGCTTAAGCAAACAAATGTTTCAGAAGACAGCG
ATGATGATGATGCAGATGAAGATGAAATTTTTGGTTTCATAAGCCTTTTAAATTTAACTGA
AAGAAAGGTACCCAGTGTGCTGAACAAATTAAAGAGTTGGTATTTGAAGCGGGTGAGAAGA
ACTGTAAAGAATTTGAAGCGGCAGCTGGACAAGCTTTTAAATGACACCACCAAGCCTGTGG
GCTTTCTCCTAAGTGAAAGATTCATTAATGTCCCTCCTCAGATTGCTCTGCCCATGCACCA
GCAGCTTCAGAAAGAATTTGAAGCAATTTGAAGCCTAGTATTTGAAGCTTCTACCTTCTGA
GACCCCGTCCGGCACGACGACGAAGAAGGGGAGGATGAAGTCGAGGATGAAGACGAAGATC
GATGAGGAGAGTGACGAAGAAGAGGATTTGAAGCACGAAGACGACGAGGTCCTTGACGAGG
AAGTGAATATTGAATTTGAAGCTTATTCCATCTCAGATAATGATTATGACGGAATTAAGAA
ATTACTGCAGCAATTTGAAGCAAAGGCTCCTGTGAACACTGCAGATTTGAAGCAACTAACA
ATTCAACAGAACCATATTGGAAGTGTGATTAAGCAAACAAATGTTTCAGAAGACAGCGATG
ATGATGATGCATTTGAAGCAGATGAAGATGAAATTTTTGGTTTCATAAGCCTTTTAAATTT
CTAATAAGCCATGTGGGAAGTGCTCTTTCTACCTTATTTGAAGCACACCATTTGTGGAAGA
ATTACTGCAGCAATTTGAAGCAAAGGCTCCTGTGAACACTGCAGATTTGAAGCAACTAACA
8
What is the course about?
Example #1 of a data analysis problem
CAGCATATTTGAAGCCGGGCCCACACACAATTGGGGAACGGATCCCCGCGGCCTCCCGGCA
GACCCCGTCCGGCACGACGACGAAGAAGGGGAGGATGAAGTCGAATTTGAAGCGGATGAAG
GATGAGGAGAGTGACGAAGAAGAGGACGAAGACGACGAGGTCCTTGACGAGGAAGTGAACT
ATTGAATTTGAAGCTTATTCCATCTCAGATAATGATTATGACGGAATTAAGAAATTACTAG
CAGCAGCTTTTCCTAAAGGCTCCTGTGAACACTGCAGAACTAACAGATCTCTTAATTCATA
CAGAACCATATTGGAAGTGTGAATTTGAAGCTTAAGCAAACAAATGTTTCAGAAGACAGCG
ATGATGATGATGCAGATGAAGATGAAATTTTTGGTTTCATAAGCCTTTTAAATTTAACTGA
AAGAAAGGTACCCAGTGTGCTGAACAAATTAAAGAGTTGGTATTTGAAGCGGGTGAGAAGA
ACTGTAAAGAATTTGAAGCGGCAGCTGGACAAGCTTTTAAATGACACCACCAAGCCTGTGG
GCTTTCTCCTAAGTGAAAGATTCATTAATGTCCCTCCTCAGATTGCTCTGCCCATGCACCA
GCAGCTTCAGAAAGAATTTGAAGCAATTTGAAGCCTAGTATTTGAAGCTTCTACCTTCTGA
GACCCCGTCCGGCACGACGACGAAGAAGGGGAGGATGAAGTCGAGGATGAAGACGAAGATC
GATGAGGAGAGTGACGAAGAAGAGGATTTGAAGCACGAAGACGACGAGGTCCTTGACGAGG
AAGTGAATATTGAATTTGAAGCTTATTCCATCTCAGATAATGATTATGACGGAATTAAGAA
ATTACTGCAGCAATTTGAAGCAAAGGCTCCTGTGAACACTGCAGATTTGAAGCAACTAACA
ATTCAACAGAACCATATTGGAAGTGTGATTAAGCAAACAAATGTTTCAGAAGACAGCGATG
ATGATGATGCATTTGAAGCAGATGAAGATGAAATTTTTGGTTTCATAAGCCTTTTAAATTT
CTAATAAGCCATGTGGGAAGTGCTCTTTCTACCTTATTTGAAGCACACCATTTGTGGAAGA
ATTACTGCAGCAATTTGAAGCAAAGGCTCCTGTGAACACTGCAGATTTGAAGCAACTAACA
9
What is the course about?
Example #2 of a data analysis problem
10 21 10 21
73 21 18 21
10 4 8 21
3 21 10 45
8 21 2 21
10
What is the course about?
Examples #3-4 of data analysis problems
11
What is the course about?
(1) Programming in Matlab
(2) Tackling data analysis problems with Matlab
(3) Learn how to learn Matlab by yourself
12
Why Matlab?
Easy to learn
Easy to debug
Great tool for scientific work
Exploring your data
Visualizing your data
Many useful “toolboxes”
13
Matlab’s main disadvantage…
It’s slower than other programming
languages.
(unless you use the compiler)…
14
Background - computers
Output
Input
15
Background - hardware
CPU Memory
16
Background - software
High level languages
Examples: C, C++, C#, Java, Pascal, Perl, Lisp, Matlab
Low level language
Example: Assembly
Machine language
Example: 0111010101111101…
Another important player:
The operating system
17
The Matlab environment
First we need to Open Matlab
18
The Matlab environment
Opening/saving a file
Changing current directory
Prompt / Command line
Files and Directories
The command window
inside the current
directory
workspace
19
Matlab can be used as a calculator
20
Our first command
Writing a command in the command line
21
Our first script (M-file)
(1) Writing the script (2) Saving the script
Comments start
with a %
(3) Defining script name (4) Running the script
22
Making errors…
This command does NOT
exist in Matlab! Pressing here will bring you to
the line in the script where the
error occurred
23
Another script…
Making sophisticated graphics and animation in Matlab is easy.
We will learn how to do this in two lectures
Peaks
Z = peaks; surf(Z);
axis tight
set(gca,'nextplot','replacechildren');
5
% Record the movie
for j = 1:20
surf(sin(2*pi*j/20)*Z,Z) 0
F(j) = getframe;
end
-5
% Play the movie twenty times
movie(F,20) 2
3
2
0 1
0
-2 -1
-2
y -3
x
24
Help!!!
help
doc
Example: doc disp
Google
25
Matlab toolboxes
26
Introduction to Matlab
& Data Analysis
Topic #2:
The Matlab Building Blocks - Variables,
Arrays and Matrices
Eran Eden, Weizmann 2008 © 27
identifiers
Identifiers are all the words that build up the program
An identifier is a sequence of letters, digits and underscores “_”
Maximal length of identifiers is 63 characters
Can’t start with a digit
Can’t be a reserved word
Examples of Legal Examples of illegal
identifiers: identifiers:
time 007bond
day_of_the_week #time
bond007 ba-baluba
findWord if
while
28
An overview of the main players in
a program
Identifiers
Reserved Library Constants Variables User defined
words functions functions
29
Reserved words (keywords)
Words that are part of the Matlab language
There are 17 reserved words:
for if
function
elseif
otherwise
try
continue
break
global
end
while
return case
switch else
catch persistent
Do NOT try to redefine their meaning!
Don NOT try to redefine their library function names either!
30
Constants
The value of a constant is fixed and does not change
throughout the program
Numbers Chars
100 ‘c’
0.3
Strings
Arrays ‘I like to eat sushi’
[12345] ‘1 + 2’
Matrices
[5 3
4 2]
31
Variables
Why do we need variables?
Computer memory
salary
9000
constant
new_salary
Example:
27000
>> salary = 9000;
>> new_salary = salary * 3;
>> disp(new_salary);
variable
27000
Library functions
32
Variables
Another example: The Matlab Console
price_bamba =
price_bamba = 3 3
What happens if you omit the ‘;’ ?
33
Variables
Another example: The Matlab Console
price_bamba =
price_bamba = 3 3
n_bamba = 2;
What happens when we add the ‘;’ ?
34
Variables
The Matlab Console
Another example:
price_bamba =
price_bamba = 3 3
n_bamba = 2; price_bisly =
price_bisly = 5 5
n_bisly = 3; total_price =
21
n_bamba =
5
total_price =
21
total_price = price_bamba * n_bamba + price_bisly * n_bisly
n_bamba = 5
total_price
35
Variables
Tip #1: Give your variable meaningful names.
a = 9000
b = 100
are a bad choice for naming variables that store your working hours
and salary!
A more meaningful choice of names would
salary = 9000;
hours = 5;
36
Variables
Tip #2: Don’t make variable names too long
salary_I_got_for_my_work_at_the_gasoline_station = 9000;
salary_I_got_for_my_work_in_the_bakery = salary_I_got_for_my_work_at_the_gasoline_station * 3;
disp(salary_I_got_for_my_work_in_the_bakery);
Very bad choice of variable name!!!
When should I use capital letters ?
Tip #3: Whatever you do - be consistent.
37
Variables Types
Each variable has a type
Why do we need variable types?
Different types of variable store different types of data
>> a = 10
a = Returns the type
10 of a variable
>> class(a)
ans = The default variable type
double in Matlab is double
38
Variables Types
Each variable has a type
Why do we need variable types?
Different types of variable store different types of data
>> a = 10 >> b = 10.56 >> c = 'Bush' >> d = true
a = b = c = d =
10 10.5600 Bush 1
>> class(a) >> class(b) >> class(c) >> class(d)
ans = ans = ans = ans =
double double char logical
39
Variables Types
Different variable types require different memory allocations
>> a = 10.4 %double requires 8 bytes
a =
10.4
1 2 3 8
How many bytes are required to store this variable: c = 'Bush' ?
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 … 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
>> b = 'B' %char requires 2 bytes
b =
B Memory allocation and
release is done
1 2 automatically in Matlab
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
40
Computer precision limitations
How much is:
>> 0.42 + 0.08 - 0.5
ans =
0
How much is:
>> 0.42 - 0.5 + 0.08
ans =
-1.3878e-017
41
Special variables
>> 4 * 5
ans ans =
20
>> ans + 1
ans =
21
42
Special variables
>> 2 * inf
ans =
ans Inf
pi >> 1 / 0
Warning: Divide by zero.
inf ans =
Inf
43
Special variables
>> 0 / 0
Warning: Divide by zero.
ans ans =
NaN
pi
inf >> NaN + 1
ans =
NaN NaN
In the tutorial you’ll see more…
44
Summary
Matlab is a high level language
Matlab working environment
Variables & variable types + how to use
them
45
