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Inheritance

The document discusses inheritance in Java, including single inheritance, multilevel inheritance, hierarchical inheritance, and the diamond problem where multiple inheritance is not supported. It provides code examples to illustrate each type of inheritance.

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vaishnavi ingole
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11 views9 pages

Inheritance

The document discusses inheritance in Java, including single inheritance, multilevel inheritance, hierarchical inheritance, and the diamond problem where multiple inheritance is not supported. It provides code examples to illustrate each type of inheritance.

Uploaded by

vaishnavi ingole
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inheritance In Java

What is Inheritance?

 Inheritance in Java is a mechanism in which one object acquires all the properties and
behaviors of a parent object. It is an important part of OOPs (Object Oriented
programming system).

 There are two main purpose of using Inheritance :


• For Method Overriding (so runtime polymorphism can be achieved).
• For Code Reusability.
The syntax of Java Inheritance

1. class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name


2. {
3. //methods and fields
4. }

 The extends keyword indicates that you are making a new class that derives from an
existing class. The meaning of "extends" is to increase the functionality.
Types of Inheritance
Single Inheritance Example

 When a class inherits another class, it is known as a single


inheritance. In the example given below, Dog class inherits the
Animal class, so there is the single inheritance.

1. class Animal{
2. void eat(){System.out.println("eating...");}
3. }
4. class Dog extends Animal{
5. void bark(){System.out.println("barking...");}
6. }
7. class TestInheritance{
8. public static void main(String args[]){
9. Dog d=new Dog();
10. d.bark();
11. d.eat();
12. }}
Multilevel Inheritance Example
 When there is a chain of inheritance, it is known as multilevel inheritance. As you can see
in the example given below, BabyDog class inherits the Dog class which again inherits
the Animal class, so there is a multilevel inheritance.
1. class Animal{
2. void eat(){System.out.println("eating...");}
3. }
4. class Dog extends Animal{
5. void bark(){System.out.println("barking...");}
6. }
7. class BabyDog extends Dog{
8. void weep(){System.out.println("weeping...");}
9. }
10. class TestInheritance2{
11. public static void main(String args[]){
12. BabyDog d=new BabyDog();
13. d.weep();
14. d.bark();
15. d.eat();
Hirerchical Inheritance Example
 When two or more classes inherits a single class, it is known as hierarchical inheritance. In the
example given below, Dog and Cat classes inherits the Animal class, so there is hierarchical
inheritance.

1. class Animal{
2. void eat(){System.out.println("eating...");}
3. }
4. class Dog extends Animal{
5. void bark(){System.out.println("barking...");}
6. }
7. class Cat extends Animal{
8. void meow(){System.out.println("meowing...");}
9. }
10. class TestInheritance3{
11. public static void main(String args[]){
12. Cat c=new Cat();
13. c.meow();
14. c.eat();
15. //c.bark();//C.T.Error
Dimond Problem(multiple inheritance
not supported)
 Consider a scenario where A, B, and C are three classes. The C class inherits A and B
classes. If A and B classes have the same method and you call it from child class object,
there will be ambiguity to call the method of A or B class.
 Since compile-time errors are better than runtime errors, Java renders compile-time
error if you inherit 2 classes. So whether you have same method or different, there will
be compile time error.
1. class A{
2. void msg(){System.out.println("Hello");}
3. }
4. class B{
5. void msg(){System.out.println("Welcome");}
6. }
7. class C extends A,B{//suppose if it were
8.

9. public static void main(String args[]){


10. C obj=new C();
11. obj.msg();//Now which msg() method would be invoked?
12. }
13. }

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