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Marginal Probability Report

The document defines marginal probability distribution as probabilities of individual events from an experiment that occur regardless of other experimental outcomes. It provides examples of calculating marginal distributions from tables of pet preferences and events. Marginal distributions are found by summing probabilities across rows or columns and must total to 1.

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Al-jame Kalim
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51 views9 pages

Marginal Probability Report

The document defines marginal probability distribution as probabilities of individual events from an experiment that occur regardless of other experimental outcomes. It provides examples of calculating marginal distributions from tables of pet preferences and events. Marginal distributions are found by summing probabilities across rows or columns and must total to 1.

Uploaded by

Al-jame Kalim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Marginal Probability Distribution

report by: Al-jame Kalim BSCE 2


5.1.2 Marginal Probability Distribution

what is marginal probability distribution?


• Marginal distribution are probabilities of an individual event from an
experiment that occurs regardless of the outcomes from the other
experiments.
• A marginal distribution gets it’s name because it appears in the margins
of a probability distribution table.
5.1.2 Marginal Probability Distribution

what is marginal probability distribution?


• The total Probability must be 1.00
• The technical definition can be a little mind-numbing to look at:
• Marginal distribution = If X and Y are discrete random variables and
f (x,y) is the value of their joint probability distribution at (x,y), the
functions given by:
g(x) = Σy f (x,y) and h(y) = Σx f(x,y) are the marginal distributions of X
and Y , respectively. (Σ = summation notation)
How to Calculate Marginal Distribution Probability

Example question: Calculate the marginal distribution of pet preference among men and
women:
Solution:
Step 1: Count the total number of people. In this case the total is given in the right hand
column (22 people).
Step 2: Count the number of people who prefer each pet type and then turn the ratio into a
probability:
People who prefer cats: 7/22 = .32
People who prefer fish: 7/22 = .32
People who prefer dogs: 8/22 = .36
How to Calculate Marginal Distribution Probability

• we can check your answer by making sure the probabilities all add up to 1.
Calculate Marginal Distribution Probability

• Example question 2 (Mutually Exclusive Events): If P(A) = 0.20, P(b) = 0.70, and
both events are mutually exclusive, find P(B’∩A), P(B’∩A’) and P(B∩A’).
• If you’re unfamiliar with this notation, P(A’) means “not A”, or the complement.
P(B’∩A) means “intersection of not B and A”).
• Step 1: Fill in a frequency table with the given information. The total probability
must equal 1, so you can add that to the margins(totals) as well. Simple
addition/algebra fills in the marginal blanks. For example, on the bottom row
0.70 + x = 1.00 so The marginal total for B’ must be 0.30.
Calculate Marginal Distribution Probability

• Example question 2
• Step 2: Add 0 for the intersection of A and B, at the top left of the table. You can
do that because A and B are mutually exclusive and cannot happen together.

• Step 3: Fill in the rest of the blanks using simple addition/algebra.


Calculate Marginal Distribution Probability

• Example question 2

• Therefore;

• P(B’∩A) = 0.20
• P(B’∩A’) = 0.10
• P(B∩A’) = 0.70.
Calculate Marginal Distribution Probability

• Example question 3 (Independent Events): If P(A) = 0.20, P(b) = 0.70, and both
events are independent, find P(B’∩A), P(B’∩A’) and P(B∩A’).
• Answer: This time, A and B are independent, so the probability of them both happening
at the same time is 0.14 (P(A)*P(B) = 0.20 * 0.70 = 0.14). This value goes into the top left
(intersection of A and B). Fill out the rest of the table exactly the same way as in the
previous steps.

• Therefore
P(B’∩A): 0.06
P(B’∩A’): 0.24
P(B∩A’): 0.56

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