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Lecture Chapter 07

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9 views

Lecture Chapter 07

Uploaded by

Amare
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Computer Maintenance and Technical

Support

Chapter Seven
Bus and Cards

1
Bus and Cards
Buses - a path through which data can be sent to the different parts
of the computer system.
• Two different parts of a Bus
– Address bus -transfers information about where the data should
go
– Data bus -transfers the actual data.
• Bus width is the size of the bus lines.
• It determines the number of bits that the
computer can transmit at one time (say, one clock
cycle).
– eg: a 32-bit bus can transmit 32 bits at a time.
– the larger the bus width, the faster the transmission. 2
Examples
• Expansion buses or “slots”
• Disk interfaces/Buses
• External buses
• Communications buses

3
Expansion Buses
• These are “slots” on the motherboard
• Examples
– ISA – Industry Standard Architecture
– PCI – Personal Component Interconnect
– EISA – Extended ISA
– SIMM – Single Inline Memory Module
– DIMM – Dual Inline Memory Module
– MCA – Micro-Channel Architecture
– AGP – Accelerated Graphics Port
– VESA – Video Electronics Standards Association
– PCMCIA – Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association (not just memory!)
4
3 ISA
slots

Pentium 6 SIMM 2 DIMM


5 PCI slots CPU slots slots

5
Disk Interfaces
• Examples
– ATA – AT Attachment (named after IBM PC-AT)
– IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics (same as ATA)
– Enhanced IDE
• Encompasses several older standards (ST-506/ST-412, IDE, ESDI,
ATA-2, ATA-3, ATA-4)
– SCSI – Small Computer Systems Interface
– ESDI – Enhanced Small Device Interface (mid-80s,
obsolete)
– PCMCIA

6
External Buses
• Examples
– Parallel – sometimes called LPT (“line printer”)
– Serial – typically RS232C (sometimes RS422)
– PS/2 – for keyboards and mice
– USB – Universal Serial Bus
– IrDA – Infrared Device Attachment
– FireWire – new, very high speed, developed by
IEEE

7
Communications Buses
• For connecting systems to systems
• Parallel/LPT
– special purpose, e.g., using special software
(Laplink) to transfer data between systems
• Serial/RS232C
– To connect a system to a voice-grade modem
• Ethernet
– To connect a system to a high-speed network

8
Cards
Graphics card 3

4
2

Graphics card handles it’s own processing making it


1 Processor and fan
almost independent of the processor.

2 Board connector AGP or PCI-Express

Graphics card has it’s own memory. This makes it much


3 Memory
faster. Most new cards use DDR3 memory.

4 DVI connector Digital output is supplied through this port.

5 VGA connector Analogue output is provided through this port.


9
Cards
Graphic card - screen images are made up of dots
called pixels (picture elements). The graphics card
must process each of these pixels to create the image.

The resolution of a screen is the number of pixels


being displayed. Typical resolutions include:

• 800 x 600 - 480,000 pixels


• 1024 x 768 - 786,432 pixels
• 1280 x 1024: - 1,310,720 pixels
• 1600 x 1200: - 1,920,000 pixels

10
Cards
Sound card

1 PCI connector Connects the sound card to a PCI slot

Musical Instrument Digital Interface port is used


2 MIDI socket to connect digital musical instruments to the
computer.
These are used to connect microphones, speakers,
3 Audio jacks
stereo systems etc to the computer.

11
Cards
Network card
• allows computers join a network. Can be wired
or wireless. The standard used is called
Ethernet - covers wired and wireless
networks.
The wired standards include:
• Fast Ethernet - transmission speed of
100Mbps.
• Gigabyte Ethernet - transmission speed of
1000Mbps.

12
PCI PC card USB
Cards
The wireless standards include:

• The B standard - introduced in 1999, it has


a transmission rate of 11Mbps and a range
of 30 Metres.
• The G standard - introduced in 2003, it has
a transmission rate of 54Mbps and a range of
30 Metres.
• The N standard - introduced in 2006, it has
a transmission speed of 540Mbps and a
range of 50 metres.

PCI PC Card USB 13


Cards
Card readers
Replaces floppy drives in new computers. They can
read media cards from most digital cameras:
• Microdrive:
• Smartmedia:
• SD memory card:
• Memory stick/Duo/Pro:
• xD picture card:
Card reader drive

14
Quiz
Name ______________ID ______
1. Write one example of Expansion Buses/slot?
Ans =SIMM,DIMM,PCMCIA,ISA,PCI,EISA…..
2. Write one example Disk interfaces ?
Ans =ATA,IDE,SCSI,ESDI,PCMCIA…..
3. Write one example External buses ?
Ans=PARALLEL,SERIAL PS/2,VGA,USB….
4. Write one example Communications buses?
Ans =….. ., using special software (Laplink)
• Write two examples of Cards?
Ans=GRAPHIC CARD AND SOUND CARD

15

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