CONCEPTUAL

FRAMEWORK
 LEARNING FROM OTHERS AND
REVIEWING THE LITERATURE

•Competency:
•Illustrates and explain
conceptual framework
 REFERENCE/S

•DepEd PR 2 Module 3,
Quarter 1
REVIEW

What are the differences

between conceptual and
theoretical framework?
These are the following guidelines and strategies of
choosing and developing a Research Framework
according to Barrot (2017, p.73).
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 Identify the key concepts in

your study by referring to your
research questions or
objectives.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 Search for existing

theories that incorporate
the same concept and
look into their
relationships with one
another.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 Using the existing

theories as a guide,
plot your conceptual
framework using a
concept map.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 In case that there are concepts

not covered by the selected
theories. Incorporate them into
your framework. However, make
sure that you are incorporating
this concept into your framework
because it is necessary for your
paper.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 After completing the initial draft

of your conceptual framework,
write a narrative explanation of
each concept and how each of
them relates to one another.
Again, there should be a basis for
the relationship between the
concepts being incorporated.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 Refer once again to your

research questions.
Check if the conceptual
framework is aligned
with them.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 Note that the process of creating a

conceptual framework is
developmental. This means that it
may still be refined or changed as
you read more literature and look

into more theories.

 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

 In some cases, the research

hypothesis is presented at
the end of the conceptual

framework.
 CONCEPT MAP

A concept map is a visual representation of

information that helps show the relationship between
ideas. Concept maps begin with the main topic and
then branch out into sub-topics, reflecting the
connection of all the elements in the study. It can also
provide and organize new ideas.
 CONCEPT MAP

 It is composed of different figures such as

lines, circles, boxes, and other marks or
symbols which represent the elements of
your research. It can take the form of
charts, graphic organizers, tables,
flowcharts, Venn Diagrams, timelines, or
T-charts. Concept map arranges related
ideas in a hierarchy.
 CONCEPT MAP

You start broad, and the sub-topics will get more and
more specific. It also helps you in formulating a
specific topic from the general or the main idea with
significant connections of information. In other words,
understanding the big picture makes the details more
significant and easier to comprehend.
 CONCEPT MAP

Concept maps are very useful for researchers and

readers who understand better visually. With the
proper connection of lines and linking arrows to
shapes and other symbols representing your
concepts about the research, the readers can
visualize a comprehensive picture of your study.
 However, in the concept map, you are not
yet actually researching your study. It is
developing or creating your plan or blueprint
so that you will be guided on the flow and
CONCEPT direction of your research study. And that
MAP includes your research questions, variables,
and methodology. It means that you are just
Look in the slide notes gathering and soliciting ideas on what you
below for topics to
consider talking about could learn about your chosen topic.
 Before creating your
conceptual framework, you have to
understand first the different variables of your
DIFFERENT
study. Although these were already discussed
VARIABLES
in the previous module for the purpose of
utilizing it in your framework, an in-depth
concept is a need.
• The independent variable is the “presumed
cause” of the research problem. It is the
reason for any “change” or difference in a
dependent variable. It can be purposely
manipulated by the researcher, depending on
the focus of the study.
• The dependent variable is the
“presumed effect” of the research
problem. It is usually the problem
itself or the element that is being
questioned.
• The moderating variable is an independent
variable which influences the direction and the
strength of the connection between independent

and dependent variables.

• Mediating variable or Intervening
variable is an element that exists between
the independent to the dependent variable. A
mediator (or mediating) variable is an integral
part of the cause-effect relationship and helps
us to understand the effects of the
independent variable on the dependent
variable.
 THE INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT (IPO)

• The Input-Process-Output Model (IPO) is a conceptual

paradigm which indicates the inputs, required process,
and the output. This approach is seated on the premise of
acquiring essential information by converting inputs into
outputs through the required processing steps in obtaining
the result.
 THE INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT (IPO) The IPO Model is also referred to as a
functional model that is usually used
in action research where an
intervention or solution is necessary
to solve the identified problem.
The Input is usually the independent
variable of the study. Meanwhile,
the Process is the intervention or
solution consist of the instruments
and analyses used to acquire the
result. Lastly, the Output is the
findings or outcome of the
interventions being made to solve
the identified problem.
COMMON EXAMPLE
As you read on different research
studies, the common conceptual
frameworks used of most studies are the
independent and dependent variable
model and the input, process, and output
model.
 A. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

•A. Independent Variable – Dependent

Variable Model (IV-DV)
 IV-DV

• Independent Variable Dependent Variable

 This conceptual framework shows the
independent and dependent variables of the
study. It is presumed that the greater number
of hours a student prepares for the exam, the
higher would be the expected academic
performance.
INPUT PROCESS
OUTPUT MODEL
 This conceptual framework shows the input, process,
and output approach of the study. The input is the
independent variable, which includes the socio-
demographic and food safety profile of the respondents.
The process includes the tools and analyses in gathering
the data, while the output is the outcome based on the
results of the study.
 EXAMPLE 1

Research Title: Effect of Mentoring Program on

Academic Performance among Senior High School
Students
Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Effects of Academic
Mentoring Performance of the
Program students
 In this conceptual framework, it is
expected that the students who
underwent the mentoring program will
have better academic performance than
those who did not.
 EXAMPLE 2

Research Title: Safety Awareness

Precaution against COVID 19 among the
Senior Citizens in the Home Care
Facilities
C O N CE P T U A
L PA RA D I G M
 Spot the Variable (Part 1). Write inside the proper
place/ box.
Research Title: Medical Intervention and the
Number of Patients Recovering from Pneumonia

ACTIVITY 2
 ELEMENTS /FACTORS

2. Work
1. Health Care 3. Medical 4. Social Status of
Experience of the
Facilities intervention the Patient
Medical Team

5. Number of
Patients 6. Immune System 7. Patient’s
Recovered from of the Patient Employment
Pneumonia
PARADIGM