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5.mean and Variance of Random Variables. Final

The document discusses the mean, variance, and standard deviation of random variables. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating these statistical measures. Examples are given to demonstrate calculating the mean, variance, and standard deviation for probability distributions and frequency distributions.

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dorothyjoy103
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53 views

5.mean and Variance of Random Variables. Final

The document discusses the mean, variance, and standard deviation of random variables. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating these statistical measures. Examples are given to demonstrate calculating the mean, variance, and standard deviation for probability distributions and frequency distributions.

Uploaded by

dorothyjoy103
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEAN AND VARIANCE OF

RANDOM VARIABLE
DEFINITION:

Mean of discrete random variables ( expected value)


is the weighted average of all values of random
variables.

The variance is a measure of spread or dispersion. It


measures the variation of the values of a random
variable from the mean. The symbol for variance is and
its square root is called the standard deviation.
*Measures of dispersion indicate the extent to which
individual items in a series are scattered about an
average.
Formulas:

If P (X = x) is the probability event of every value of x,


Then:
1. Mean : = P (X = x] or P (x)]

2. Variance: = (P (X = x )

3. Standard Deviation: = =
Examples:

1. Students were asked to estimate the length (in


inches) of a table. The errors in the estimated
values were recorded and tabulated as follows:
Error (x) 3 4 5 6 7

P(X=x) 0.25 0.1 0.3 0.15 0.2


• Find the mean error of this probability distribution
• Determine the variance and the standard deviation.
Table 1
x P(X = x) x P (x) x- P(x) .

3 0.25

4 0.1

5 0.3

6 0.15

7 0.2

Sum (

= Variance =
Standard
Variation
Table 1
x P(X = x) x P (x) x- P(x) .

3 0.25 0.75 -1.95 3.8095 0.950625

4 0.1 0.4 -0.95 0.9025 0.09025

5 0.3 1.5 0.05 .0025 .00075

6 0.15 0.9 1.05 1.1025 0.16375

7 0.2 1.4 2.05 4.2025 0.8405

Sum ( 4.95 2.045875

= 4.95 Variance = 2.05


Standard
Variation
Alternative Process
Mean:
= P (x)] = ( 3 0.25) + (4 0.1) + ( 5 0.3) +
( 6 0.15) + ( 7 0.2)
= 4.95
Variance:
= (0.25)+ (0.1)
+ (0.15)+ (0.2)
= 2.0475
= 2.05
Standard Variation = = = = = 1.43
Mean : = 4.95

Variance: = 2. 05

Standard Deviation: = 1.43


2. Compute the variance of this frequency
distribution:
Score Number of students
(x) f
5 3
8 5
10 4
12 5
15 3
Mean : =

Variance: =
 n

Standard Deviation: = =
Score Number of fx X - (X - )2 f(X - )2
(X) students
(f)

5 3

8 5

10 4

12 5

15 3
n= =

== =
Score Number of fx X - (X - )2 f(X - )2
(X) students
(f)

5 3 15 -5 25 75

8 5 40 -2 4 20

10 4 40 0 0 0

12 5 60 2 4 20

15 3 45 5 25 75
n = 20 =200

= = = 10
= = = 9.5
s.d. = 3.08
Mean : =
= = = 10
Variance: =
= 3( + 5( + 4( + 5( + 3(1 = = 9.5

Standard Deviation: = = = 3.08

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