Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 14 views

    Cell Structure and Function - Science - 9th Grade by Slidesgo

    Uploaded by

    Maira
    The document discusses the endomembrane system which includes organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles. It provides details on the structure and functions of each organelle. While mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes have distinct functions, they are not considered part of the endomembrane system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cell Structure and Function - Science - 9th Grade by Slidesgo

    Uploaded by

    Maira
    14 views8 pages
    The document discusses the endomembrane system which includes organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles. It provides details on the structure and functions of each organelle. While mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes have distinct functions, they are not considered part of the endomembrane system.

    Original Title

    Cell Structure and Function - Science - 9th grade by Slidesgo

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the endomembrane system which includes organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles. It provides details on the structure and functions of each organelle. While mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes have distinct functions, they are not considered part of the endomembrane system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    14 views8 pages

    Cell Structure and Function - Science - 9th Grade by Slidesgo

    Uploaded by

    Maira
    The document discusses the endomembrane system which includes organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles. It provides details on the structure and functions of each organelle. While mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes have distinct functions, they are not considered part of the endomembrane system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Endomembrane

    system
    - Maira Sharma
    What is Endomembrane System
    - While many of the membrane bound organelles have their distinct features, function and
    structure, many of these are put together as an endomembrane system because their
    functions are coordinated.
    - This system includes organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex, lysosomes
    and vacuoles.
    - Since the functions of the mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes are not coordinated
    with these organelles they are not a part of the endomembrane system.
    ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
    - This is a network of tubular structure scattered in the
    cytoplasm – Restricted near the nucleus
    - The ER divides the intracellular space into 2
    compartments, the luminal (inside the ER) and extra
    luminal (cytoplasm).
    - Rough endoplasmic reticulum bears ribosomes on its
    surface. RER is involved in protein synthesis and
    secretion.
    - Smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not bear
    ribosomes on its surface. SER is involved in lipid
    synthesis and steroidal hormones.
    GOLGI APPARATUS
    • Golgi apparatus was first observed by
    Camillo Golgi in 1898 near nucleus. They
    consist of many flat, disc-shaped sacs or
    cisternae stacked parallel to each other.
    • Golgi apparatus performs the function of
    packaging of materials and its transportation.
    A number of protein synthesized by
    ribosomes are modified in cisternae of Golgi
    apparatus. Golgi apparatus is the site for
    synthesis of Glycoproteins and glycolipids.
    LYSOSOMES VACUOLES
    - Vacuoles are membrane-bound space found in
    - Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicular cytoplasm containing water, sap and excretory
    structures formed by the process of packaging product.
    in the Golgi apparatus. - They are bound by single membrane. They form
    - They are rich in hydrolytic enzymes- lipase, contractile vacuole and food vacuole in many
    protease, carbohydrases active at acidic PH. organisms.
    - These enzymes are capable of digesting - In plant cells, vacuoles can occupy up to 90% of
    the volumes of the cell.
    carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic - In plants the tonoplast facilitates the transport of a
    acids. number of ions and other materials against
    concentration gradients into the vacuole, which is
    why their concentration is significantly higher in
    the vacuole than in the cytoplasm.
    - In amoeba the contractile vacuole is important for
    osmoregulation and excretion
    - In many cells food vacuoles are formed by
    engulfing food particles
    MITOCHONDRIA
    - Mitochondria is double membrane-bound structure with the outer membrane
    and inner membrane dividing its lumen in two compartments.
    - The inner membrane forms a number of infoldings called cristae towards the
    matrix.
    - Two membranes have their own specific enzyme.
    - Mitochondria are sites for aerobic respiration.
    - They produce cellular energy in form of ATP so, they are called power
    house of the cells.
    - The matrix of mitochondria also contain circular DNA molecules, a few RNA
    molecules, ribosomes and components of protein synthesis.
    PLASTIDS
    - Plastids are found in plant cells and in Euglenoids.
    - Chloroplast contains chlorophyll that traps solar energy for photosynthesis.
    Chromoplast provides yellow, orange and red colours to different parts of
    plants.
    - Leucoplasts are colourless plastids that store food, amyloplasts
    (carbohydrates), elaioplasts (oils) and aleuroplasts (proteins).
    - Chloroplasts are double membrane structures. The space limited by inner
    membrane is called stroma. Thylakoids are present in stroma as stacks like
    the piles of coins called grana.
    RIBOSOSMES
    - Ribosomes are specialized cell organelles and are found in both
    prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
    - Ribosomes are found inside the cytosol of the cell. Ribosomes are
    composed of two subunits – smaller and larger.
    - The mRNA binds and is decoded in the smaller subunit and the
    amino acids get added in the larger subunit.

    You might also like