Cloud Computing-I

Mr.Arun Udayasuriyan,
Assistant Professor,
Department of MCA,
Faculty of IT & CS
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Cloud Computing Models/Cloud Deployment Models

• Types of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing can be classified into four types based on the location of the cloud:

1.Public cloud:

This computing infrastructure is hosted at the vendor’s workplace. The end user cannot view
the infrastructure. The computing infrastructure is shared between companies.

2. Private cloud:
Here the computing infrastructure is dedicated to the customer and is not shared with any
other companies. They are costly and highly secure than public clouds. Private clouds may
be hosted externally as well as in their own premise hosted clouds.
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• 3. Hybrid cloud:
• Organizations can submit less valued applications in public cloud and high valued applications
in the private cloud. The combination is known as hybrid cloud. Cloud bursting is used to define
a system where the organization uses its own infrastructure for normal usage and cloud is used
for peak times.

• 4. Community cloud:
The cloud infrastructure is shared between the companies of the same community. For example, all
the government organizations in a city can share the same cloud but not the non-governmental
organizations
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Cloud computing offers six types of enterprise services
Six different types of cloud computing and their offering to businesses are listed as
follows:
1. WWW-based cloud computing service
is a type of cloud service that exploits certain web service functionalities, rather than deploying
applications. For example, it can use Google Maps API.
2. Software as a service
is an idea, where an application can be used by multiple tenants, using
the browser. For example, SaaS solutions are used in sales, ERP and HR.
3. Platform as a service
is a variant of SaaS, one can run their own applications but by
executing on the cloud provider’s infrastructure.
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4. Utility cloud computing services
offer virtual storage and server options, where the companies can access it on
demand. This allows easy creation of virtual data center.
5. Managed services are the oldest cloud computing solutions.
In this, a cloud computing provider utilizes an application than the end
customers. Examples are using anti-spam services and application monitoring.
6. Service commerce is a mix of SaaS and managed services.
It provides a hub of services, where the end user interacts. Examples are
tracking expenses, virtual assistant services and travel bookings.

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Cloud service models

• Cloud service models refer to the types of services offered by cloud computing
providers. The three main cloud service models are:

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):

• IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the internet. It includes

virtual machines, storage, and networking infrastructure that users can rent on
a pay-as-you-go basis. With IaaS, users have more control over the underlying
infrastructure compared to other service models. Examples of IaaS providers
include Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2, Microsoft Azure Virtual
Machines, and Google Compute Engine.

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• Platform as a Service (PaaS):

• PaaS offers a platform allowing developers to build, deploy, and manage applications
without dealing with the underlying infrastructure. It provides development tools,
middleware, databases, and other necessary components to facilitate application
development and deployment. PaaS abstracts away much of the complexity involved in
managing infrastructure, allowing developers to focus more on writing code. Examples
of PaaS providers include Google App Engine, Heroku, and Microsoft Azure App
Service.
• Software as a Service (SaaS):

• SaaS delivers software applications over the internet on a subscription basis. Users can
access these applications via a web browser without needing to install or maintain any
software locally. SaaS providers host and manage the software, handle updates and
maintenance, and users typically pay a recurring subscription fee. Examples of SaaS
applications include Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Salesforce, and Dropbox. 7
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CLOUD COMPUTING AND SERVICES: PROS AND CONS
• Centralized Data Storage in Cloud Computing
Pros: All of your data, applications and software reside on centralized servers, which can be
accessed from anywhere, any time and from any device.
Cons: Everyone may not be comfortable to share all their confidential data and applications
on a third party server. Moreover, accessing of the data is not possible if the Internet is not
connected. There is no option to work offline in case of connectivity failure. Also, there may
be limits to the amount of data a customer can store on these servers, especially for those
using shared servers. The speed and bandwidth usage will also be limited for shared server.
• Cloud Servers Maintenance and Security
• Pros: The end user do not have to maintain the hardware, software and all the security
and antivirus software updates, the responsibility lies with the service provider totally.
• Cons: As the whole loads of data and applications of customers are centralized , in case of
a cyber attack or hacking the entire data is susceptible to easy access

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• .Data Access and Network Connectivity

Pros: It endows the end users to use the utmost mobility without bothering
about bearing their burdens of data from one location to another by any
hardware. For example, we start editing a document in our office and we can
continue to edit from the left out page from our home or even while travelling
in a car or from anywhere.
Cons: The unavailability of connectivity may leave users with nothing to do as
they will lose access to all the latest data and applications when the connection
remains down.

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• Cost Factor
Pros: It will benefit corporates and multinationals more than anyone else as they
can save substantially on their operation costs, which can be diverted for other
purposes such as buying, maintaining and upgrading newer hardware and
software. Similarly, they can also save a lot on hiring huge manpower and
technical experts for providing hardware and software supports.
Cons: It may requires a detailed analysis to understand the real cost saving, if any.
This is due to the fact that the major corporates and companies are concerned
more on speedy access the data, security and availability. This would mean that
they will have to look for dedicated server options rather than shared servers,
which will only add to the cost rather than cutting it down. At this point, one
could not come to the conclusion that the cost saving is possible. It may be even
otherwise.
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• Cloud Servers Data Backup and Availability

Pros: Retaining a back-up of data is also a service provider’s responsibility. It
means that the back-up should be fool-proof enough for the user in terms of
losing data or missed back-up routines.
Cons: Another complexity of the issue is centralized back-ups. There is a chance
of losing the data updated during the period of taking two consecutive back-
ups, because the back-up schedule of the customer’s plan may vary. More so,
since the same operator has the back-up responsibility, should there be some
hiccups in their back-up process. This can prove quite fatal to customers relying
only on their service providers for furnishing of data

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Cloud Architecture

• Cloud Computing , which is one of the demanding technology of the

current time and which is giving a new shape to every organization by
providing on demand virtualized services/resources. Starting from
small to medium and medium to large, every organization use cloud
computing services for storing information and accessing it from
anywhere and any time only with the help of internet. In this article,
we will know more about the internal architecture of cloud
computing.

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• Transparency, scalability, security and intelligent monitoring are some

of the most important constraints which every cloud infrastructure
should experience. Current research on other important constraints is
helping cloud computing system to come up with new features and
strategies with a great capability of providing more advanced cloud
solutions.
• Cloud Computing Architecture :
The cloud architecture is divided into 2 parts .

• Frontend
• Backend

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Architecture of cloud computing is the combination of both SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) and
EDA (Event Driven Architecture). Client infrastructure, application, service, runtime cloud, storage,
infrastructure, management and security all these are the components of cloud computing
architecture.

1. Frontend :
Frontend of the cloud architecture refers to the client side of cloud computing system. Means it
contains all the user interfaces and applications which are used by the client to access the cloud
computing services/resources. For example, use of a web browser to access the cloud platform.
Client Infrastructure – Client Infrastructure is a part of the frontend component. It contains the
applications and user interfaces which are required to access the cloud platform.
In other words, it provides a GUI( Graphical User Interface ) to interact with the cloud.
2. Backend :
Backend refers to the cloud itself which is used by the service provider. It contains the resources as
well as manages the resources and provides security mechanisms. Along with this, it includes huge
storage, virtual applications, virtual machines, traffic control mechanisms, deployment models, etc.
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Application –
Application in backend refers to a software or platform to which client accesses.
Means it provides the service in backend as per the client requirement.
Service –
Service in backend refers to the major three types of cloud based services like
SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. Also manages which type of service the user accesses.
Runtime Cloud-
Runtime cloud in backend provides the execution and Runtime
platform/environment to the Virtual machine.
Storage –
Storage in backend provides flexible and scalable storage service and
management of stored data.
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Infrastructure –
Cloud Infrastructure in backend refers to the hardware and software
components of cloud like it includes servers, storage, network devices,
virtualization software etc.
Management –
Management in backend refers to management of backend components like
application, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, and other
security mechanisms etc.
Security –
Security in backend refers to implementation of different security
mechanisms in the backend for secure cloud resources, systems, files, and
infrastructure to end-users.
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• Internet –
• Internet connection acts as the medium or a bridge between frontend and
backend and establishes the interaction and communication between frontend
and backend.
• Database– Database in backend refers to provide database for storing structured
data, such as SQL and NOSQL databases. Example of Databases services include
Amazon RDS, Microsoft Azure SQL database and Google CLoud SQL.
• Networking– Networking in backend services that provide networking
infrastructure for application in the cloud, such as load balancing, DNS and virtual
private networks.
• Analytics– Analytics in backend service that provides analytics capabillities for data
in the cloud, such as warehousing, bussness intellegence and machine learning.
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Benefits of Cloud Computing Architecture :

• Makes overall cloud computing system simpler.

• Improves data processing requirements.
• Helps in providing high security.
• Makes it more modularized.
• Results in better disaster recovery.
• Gives good user accessibility.
• Reduces IT operating costs.
• Provides high level reliability.
• Scalability.
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Cloud computing reference model
• The cloud computing reference model (CC-RM) facilitates the process of modelling cloud
architecture and planning the deployment activities. It also establishes a foundation for
modelling cloud and its architecture, from which an IT organization can plan, architect,
model and deploy to address business and technical challenges. Cloud is not a problem-
solving architecture, it is a collection of services, which can be used to solve problems.
• The cloud reference model consists of the following four elements/models:
1. Cloud enablement model: This model describes the various layers of cloud and its advantages for
business operations. This model comprises of various cloud computing technologies and solutions for
the consumers.
2. Cloud deployment model: The cloud deployment model (CDM) describes the various cloud models
such as private, public, hybrid and community clouds.
3. Cloud governance and operations model: The cloud governance and operations model defi nes the
requirements for cloud computing such as governance, privacy, security operations, management,
support and monitoring.
4. Cloud ecosystem model: The cloud ecosystem takes cares of development and sustenance. It consists
of cloud providers, consumers, intermediaries and networks
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• . The cloud computing reference model has four sub-models, they are as
follows:
1. Cloud virtualization tier: Cloud virtualization tier focuses on the tools that provide
hardware and infrastructure virtualization, computing, storage, network and security
virtualization.
2. Cloud operating system tier: Cloud operating system tier focuses on the
technologies that enable virtualization of resources as cloud-enabled capabilities.
Cloud OS tier provides provisioning, billing and metering, load balancing, resource
management, monitoring and management, workflow and orchestration of cloud-
enabled resources.
3. Cloud platform tier: It focuses on enabling the PaaS oriented services and includes
SOA and Web services concepts.
4. Cloud business tier: Cloud business tier focuses on the various range of business
capabilities and business solutions, that are designed and provisioned to consumers
as services via the cloud.
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THANK YOU

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