Scribd
Upload
8 views

Chapter - 5 Arrays

Uploaded by

suma.angadi925
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Chapter - 5 Arrays

Uploaded by

suma.angadi925
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

UNIT -2

CONTINUATION

Chapter -5 ARRAYS
Definition

• An array is a group of homogeneous data


elements that all have the same name and
data type.
• To refer an element in the array, we specify
the name of the array and the position
number of the element to which we refer and
Data type. An array is a collection of elements
of same data type.
• For example: if you want to add 100 numbers,
you can create an array for it.
• int numbers[100];

• The size and type of arrays cannot be changed


after its declaration.
**Arrays are of 3 types:

• One-dimensional arrays
• Two - dimensional arrays
• Multidimensional arrays
One Dimensional Arrays

• An Array which have elements with single


subscript or index are known as 1D Arrays.
*Declaration of an Array
• Datatype arrayname[array_size];
• For example,
• int mark[5];
Elements of an Array and How to access them?

• You can access elements of an array by


indices.
• Index of the array starts from the 0 to n-1.
• Suppose you declared an array mark as
int marks[5];
The first element is mark[0], second element
is mark[1] and so on.
*Initialization of an array
• It's possible to initialize an array during
declaration.
• For example,
int mark[5] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9};
• Another method to initialize array during
declaration:
int mark[ ] = {19, 10, 8, 17, 9};
• Here,
• mark[0] is equal to 19
• mark[1] is equal to 10
• mark[2] is equal to 8
• mark[3] is equal to 17
• mark[4] is equal to 9
How to insert and print array elements?

• Ex: int a [5] = { 10 , 20, 30, 40, 50 };


**
STRINGS IN C
**
• Use gets(name) instead to read the string with
whitespace
*Commonly used string functions
• strlen() - calculates the length of a string
• strcpy() - copies a string to another
• strcmp() - compares two strings
• strcat() - concatenates two strings
• strrev()- reverse the string
• strupr() – convert the letters to uppercase
• strlwr() – convert the letters to lowercase
•
*Two Dimensional Arrays
A group of homogeneous data elements that all
have the same name and data type with two
subscripts is known as Two- Dimensional Array.
A Two – dimensional Array consists of rows &
columns.
*Declaration of a two-Dimensional Array
Syntax:
datatype Arrayname [rowsize][columnsize];
Eg: int x[3][4];
• Here, x is the name of a two-dimensional (2D)
array. The array can hold 12 elements. You can
think the array as table with 3 row and each row
has 4 column.
The below is the representation of an array with
3 rows & 4 columns
*Code for accept or read 2D-array elements:
printf ( “ \n Enter elements to an array”);
for ( i=0; i<n ; i++)
for (j=0; j<n ; j++)
scanf ( “%d” , &a[i][j]);
*Code for print or display 2D-array elements:
printf ( “ \n Elements of an array are”);
for ( i=0; i<n ; i++)
{
for (j=0; j<n; j++)
printf ( “%d” , a[i][j]);
}
ORDER OF A MATRIX

• The number of rows and columns that a


matrix has is called its order or its dimension.
• Eg: If the order of a matrix is 4 then it has 4
rows and 4 columns.
Program to find the sum of two matrices
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[10][10], b[10][10],sum[10][10], i, j ,n; clrscr();
printf(“\n enter the order of matrix”);
scanf(“%d”,&n);
printf ( “ \n Enter elements to the first array”);
for ( i=0; i<n ; i++)
for (j=0; j<n ; j++)
scanf ( “%d” , &a[i][j]);
printf ( “ \n Enter elements to the second array”);
for ( i=0; i<n ; i++)
for (j=0; j<n ; j++)
for ( i=0; i<n ; i++)
for (j=0; j<n ; j++)
{
sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
printf ( “ \n sum of elements of an array are”);
for ( i=0; i<n ; i++)
for (j=0; j<n; j++)
printf ( “%d \t” , sum[i][j]);
}
getch();
}
Multi dimensional Array
A multidimensional array is an array with more than
two dimensions or two subscripts.
Or
An array of arrays is known as multidimensional arrays.
Syntax
datatype Array_name[size1][size2].......[sizeN];
For example, the following declaration creates a three
dimensional integer array −
int threedim[3][3][3];
3- page or dimension
3-row
3- column
Representation
Initialization of a multi dimensional Array

int test[3][4][2] = {
{
{2,4},
{7,8}, -----------Page 1
{3,4},
{5,6},
},
{
{7,6},
{3,4},-------------Page 2
{5,3},
{2,3},
},
{
{8,9},
{7,2},
{3,4},--------Page 3

You might also like