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Relay

The document discusses relays, which are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Relays control one circuit by opening and closing contacts in another circuit. The document describes the basic parts and functions of electromechanical relays, including the frame, coil, armature, and contacts.

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31 views15 pages

Relay

The document discusses relays, which are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Relays control one circuit by opening and closing contacts in another circuit. The document describes the basic parts and functions of electromechanical relays, including the frame, coil, armature, and contacts.

Uploaded by

kentcarlopaye08
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RELAY

Relays are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or


electronically. Relays control one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in
another circuit. When a relay contact is normally open (NO), there is an open contact
when the relay is not energized. When a relay contact is Normally Closed (NC), there
is a closed contact when the relay is not energized. Relays are generally used to
switch smaller currents in a control circuit and do not usually control power
consuming devices except for small motors and Solenoids that draw low amps.
Nonetheless, relays can "control" larger voltages and amperes by having an
amplifying effect because a small voltage applied to a relays coil can result in a large
voltage being switched by the contacts.
Electromechanical Relays.
Basic parts and functions of electromechanical relays include:
1. Frame: Heavy-duty frame that contains and supports the parts of the relay.
2. Coil: Wire is wound around a metal core. The coil of wire causes an electromagnetic field.
3. Armature: A relays moving part. The armature opens and closes the contacts. An attached spring
returns the armature to its original position.
4. Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that makes (closes) or breaks (opens) a circuit.
Relays involve two circuits: the energizing circuit and the contact circuit. The coil is on the energizing side; and the relays
contacts are on the contact side. When a relays coil is energized, current flow through the coil creates a magnetic field.
Whether in a DC unit where the polarity is fixed, or in an AC unit where the polarity changes 120 times per second, the
basic function remains the same: the magnetic coil attracts a ferrous plate, which is part of the armature. One end of the
armature is attached to the metal frame, which is formed so that the armature can pivot, while the other end opens and
closes the contacts. Contacts come in a number of different configurations, depending on the number of Breaks, poles and
Throws that make up the relay. For instance, relays might be described as Single-Pole, Single-Throw (SPST), or Double-Pole,
Single-Throw (DPST). These terms will give an instant indication of the design and function of different types of relays.

 Break -This is the number of separate places or contacts that a switch uses to open or close a single
electrical circuit. All contacts are either single break or double break. A single break (SB) contact
breaks an electrical circuit in one place, while a double break (DB) contact breaks it in two places.
Single break contacts are normally used when switching lower power devices such as indicating
lights. Double break contacts are used when switching high-power devices such as solenoids.
 Pole -This is the number of completely isolated circuits that relays can pass through a switch. A
single-pole contact (SP) can carry current through only one circuit at a time. A double-pole contact
(DP) can carry current through two isolated circuits simultaneously. The maximum number of poles is
12, depending upon a relays design.
 Throw -This is the number of closed contact positions per pole that are available on a switch. A
switch with a single throw contact can control only one circuit, while a double-throw contact can
control two.
PUSH BUTTON SWITCH

typically has two terminals. It is commonly referred to as a simple on-


off switch and can be used to switch the power supply to a circuit.
SPST switches can also work as "push-to-make" on, where the button is released it
returns to its normally open (off) position or vice-versa
Time delay is defined as the controlled period between the functioning of two events.
Time delay relays are simply control relays with a time delay built in. Their purpose is to
control an event based on time. The difference between relays and time delay relays is
when the output contacts open and close: on a control relay, it happens when voltage is
applied and remove from the coil; on time delay relays, the contacts can open or close
before or after some time delay.

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