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Unit-I - 2arrays in JAVA

The document discusses different types of arrays in Java including single/one-dimensional arrays, multidimensional arrays, and jagged arrays. It provides details on how to declare, initialize, and access elements in arrays of each type as well as examples of using arrays.

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Mochi
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
30 views

Unit-I - 2arrays in JAVA

The document discusses different types of arrays in Java including single/one-dimensional arrays, multidimensional arrays, and jagged arrays. It provides details on how to declare, initialize, and access elements in arrays of each type as well as examples of using arrays.

Uploaded by

Mochi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arrays in JAVA

Arrays
• An array is a collection of similar type of elements.
• The elements of an array are stored in a contiguous memory location.
• It is a data structure where we store similar elements.
• We can store only a fixed set of elements in a Java array.
• Array in Java is index-based.
• A specific element in an array is accessed by its index.
• The variables in array are ordered & each has an index beginning from 0.
• Arrays are objects in Java, we can find their length using the object
property length.

2
Arrays
• Array in Java is index-based, the first element of the array is stored at the
0th index, 2nd element is stored on 1st index and so on.

3
Types of Arrays

• There are two types of array.


• Single/One Dimensional Array
• Multidimensional Array
• Advantages
• Code Optimization:
• It makes the code optimized, we can retrieve or sort the data efficiently.

• Random access:
• We can get any data located at an index position.

4
Single/One-Dimensional Arrays
• Use single index to store elements.
• To create an array, first must create an array variable of the desired type.
• The general form of a one-dimensional array declaration is
type var-name[ ];
OR
type[] var_name;
• Example- int month_days[];
OR
int[] month_days;

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Single/One-Dimensional Arrays
• Declaration and Initialization of Array
• To allocate memory for arrays, new keyword is used.
• Example array-var=new type [size];
number=new int[5];
Array Initialization using Index
number=new int[5]; Declaration and instantiation
number[0]=10; Initialization
number[1]=20;
number[3]=40;
number[4]=50;
Array will be 10,20,0,40,50 6
Single/One-Dimensional Arrays

• Initialize while declaring


• Initialize the whole array while declaring it just by using curly brackets {…….}
• String must be in quotes
• Example:
• int [ ] my_arr= {1,2,3,4,5};
• String [ ] list= {“C”, “C++”, “PHP”, “PYTHON”};

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Array Example
class Array{
public static void main(String args[]) class Array1{
{ public static void main(String args[])
int a[]=new int[5]; {
a[0]=10;
a[1]=20; int a[]={10,20,30,40,50};
a[2]=70;
a[3]=40; for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
a[4]=50; System.out.println(a[i]);
for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
System.out.println(a[i]); }
} }
}
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Array Example
public class Array3 {
public static void main (String[] args)
{
Student[] arr; // declares an Array of integers.
arr = new Student[5]; // allocating memory for 5 objects of type Student.
arr[0] = new Student(1,“Ajay"); // initialize the first elements of the array
arr[1] = new Student(2,“Vaibhav"); // initialize the second elements of the array
arr[2] = new Student(3,“Shital");
arr[3] = new Student(4,“Mahesh");
arr[4] = new Student(5,“Mohit");
// accessing the elements of the specified array
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
System.out.println("Element at " + i + " : " +arr[i].roll_no +" "+ arr[i].name);
}
}

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Multi-Dimensional Arrays
• It is used when data is stored in row and column based index
• It is also known as matrix form.
• In Java, multidimensional arrays are actually arrays of arrays.
• These look and act like regular multidimensional arrays.
• To declare a multidimensional array variable, specify each additional
index using another set of square brackets.

• Following declares a two dimensional array variable called two:


int two[][] = new int[4][5]; //4 row and 5 column

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Multi-Dimensional Arrays

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Multi-Dimensional Arrays
• How to instantiate Multidimensional Array in Java.
int[][] arr=new int[3][3]; //3 row and 3 column
• arr[0][0]=1;
• arr[0][1]=2;
• arr[0][2]=3;
• arr[1][0]=4;
• arr[1][1]=5;
• arr[1][2]=6;
• arr[2][0]=7;
• arr[2][1]=8;
• arr[2][2]=9; 12
Multi-Dimensional Arrays Example
Program to display elements of matrix using Multidimensional array.
}
class Array3{
public static void main(String args[]) System.out.println();
{ }
//declaring and initializing 2D array } }
int arr[][]={{1,2,3},{2,4,5},{4,4,5}};
//printing 2D array
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++)
{
System.out.print(arr[i][j]+" ");

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Matrix Addition using Array

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Multi-Dimensional Arrays Example
Program to perform matrix addition using multidimensional array.
class Aarray5{
public static void main(String args[]){
int a[][]={{1,3,4},{3,4,5}}; //creating two matrices
int b[][]={{1,3,4},{3,4,5}};
int c[][]=new int[2][3]; //creating another matrix to store the sum of two matrices
//adding and printing addition of 2 matrices
for(int i=0;i<2;i++) {
for(int j=0;j<3;j++) {
c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
System.out.print("\t"+c[i][j]);
}
System.out.println();//new line
} } } 15
Jagged Array in Java
• Jagged array means to have a multi dimensional array with uneven size of
columns in it.
• It is an array of arrays with different number of columns.
• Initialization of Jagged Array
• We must set column size for each row independently
int [][]arr= new int[3][];
arr[0]=new int[3]; int [][] arr={
OR
arr[1]=new int[4]; new int{1,2,3},
new int{4,5,6,7},
arr[2]=new int[5];
new int{10,11,12,13,14}
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}
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Example:-Jagged Array in Java
public class Main { // Displaying the elements of 2-D Jagged array
public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Elements of 2-D Jagged
// Declaring a 2-D array with 3 rows Array");
int arr[][] = new int[3][];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
// create a jagged array
for (int j = 0; j < arr[i].length; j++)
arr[0] = new int[]{99,100,101};
arr[1] = new int[]{199,200}; System.out.print(arr[i][j] + " ");
arr[2] = new int[]{299,300,301,302,303}; System.out.println();
}
}
}
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