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    235 2024S U5 Nervous VOC

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    Nguyễn Hùng

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    235 2024S U5 Nervous VOC

    Uploaded by

    Nguyễn Hùng
    20 views43 pages

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    235_2024S_U5_Nervous_VOC

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    20 views43 pages

    235 2024S U5 Nervous VOC

    Uploaded by

    Nguyễn Hùng

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 43

    UNIT 5 – VOCABULARY & READING (2 hours)

    ENGLISH IN MEDICINE 1 – GENERAL PRACTITIONER Y2

    NERVOUS SYSTEM
    Editor: Ho Thu Huong
    Email: [email protected]
    1. COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS
    2. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
    3. LABORATORY TESTS
    4. DISEASES
    5. INTERVENTIONS
    6. TERMINOLOGY
    1. COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS
    neuron ● nerve ● ganglion ● synapse ● neurotransmitter
    brain ● spinal cord ● plexus ● (cranial - spinal - peripheral) nerve
    sensory (afferent) ● motor (efferent) ● autonomic ● (para)sympathetic
    stimulus ● impulse ● dendrite ● axon ● myelin sheath ● terminal end fiber
    hemisphere ● gyrus ● sulcus ● lobe (frontal ● parietal ● occipital ● temporal)
    ventricle ● cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ● (hypo)thalamus
    cerebrum ● cerebellum ● brainstem (pons ● medulla oblongata)
    meninx ● dura mater ● arachnoid membrane ● pia mater
    cervical ● thoracic ● lumbar ● sacral ● cauda equina
    1. COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS
    1. Dendrite
    2. Cell body
    3. Cell nucleus
    4. Axon
    5. Myelin sheath
    6. Terminal end fibers
    7. Synapse
    Left cerebral hemisphere (lateral view)
    Parts of the brain
    The meninges
    1. Dura mater
    2. Subdural space
    3. Arachnoid membrane
    4. Subarachnoid space
    5. Pia mater
    1. COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS
    WATCH & MATCH
    VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44B0ms3XPKU
    1. Parietal A. Muscle coordination
    2. Medulla oblongata B. Sensory info
    3. Midbrain C. Emotion
    4. Cerebellum D. Auditory info
    5. Temporal lobe E. Center for respiration
    6. Hypothalamus F. Visual info
    7. Frontal lobe G. Eye & ear reflexes
    8. Occipital lobe H. Reasoning & thought
    1. COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS
    1. COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

    Spinal cord
    A SPIDER ON YOUR KNEE
    A. Your body first recognizes that thing as a spider.
    B. Other interneurons pass that signal to neurons that carry it up your spinal
    cord to your brain.
    C. The signal travels up an axon and into your spinal cord, where it gets
    passed on to several interneurons.
    D. The connections between neurons interpret and split the signal so that
    you can either scream, and start swinging your arms wildly about the spider
    or remain calm, and remove the spider.
    E. The spider’s legs activate your sensory neurons in the skin.
    F. Some interneurons send a signal straight down neurons to your quadriceps
    muscle on your thigh, triggering you to kick your leg out before you even
    know what’s going on.
    2. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

    weakness ● numbness ● syncope ● dementia ● tremor

    analgesia ● hypoalgesia ● hyperalgesia ● neuralgia

    paralysis ● hemiparesis ● hemiplegia ● paraplegia ● quadriplegia

    ataxia ● balance difficulty ● aphasia


    2. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
    A. experiences of memory loss, poor judgment, and
    1. analgesia confusion
    2. neuralgia B. partial or complete paralysis of both the arms and legs
    C. loss or impairment of the power to use or comprehend
    3. dementia words
    4. hemiparesis D. the presence of abnormal, uncoordinated movements
    5. aphasia E. weakness or inability to move on one side of the body
    6. quadriplegia F. unable to feel the pain without loss of consciousness
    7. ataxia G. pain in a nerve pathway
    3. LABORATORY TESTS
    Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
    Cerebral angiography
    CT scan of the brain
    MRI
    PET scan
    Doppler ultrasound studies
    Electroencephalography (EEG)
    3. LABORATORY TESTS

    Cerebral angiography
    3. LABORATORY TESTS

    Carotid Doppler ultrasound


    3. LABORATORY TESTS

    Electroencephalography (EEG)
    4. DISEASES
    1/ Congenital: Hydrocephalus Spina bifida
    2/ Degenerative, movement & seizure:
    . Alzheimer disease .
    Parkinson disease
    . Epilepsy . Multiple sclerosis (MS)
    . Palsy
    3/ Infectious: Meningitis; Encephalitis
    Herpes zoster
    (shingles)
    4. DISEASES
    4. DISEASES

    Bell palsy
    4. DISEASES
    4. DISEASES

    Herpes zoster (shingles) Brain tumor on MRI


    4. DISEASES
    5. INTERVENTIONS
    5. INTERVENTIONS
    5. INTERVENTIONS
    6. TERMINOLOGY
    cerebell/o cerebellum cerebellar
    cerebr/o cerebrum cerebrospinal fluid
    dur/o dura mater subdural hematoma
    encephal/o brain encephalitis
    mening/o meninges meningioma
    myel/o spinal cord myelopathy
    neur/o nerve neuropathy
    pont/o pons cerebellopontine
    radicul/o nerve root radiculopathy
    6. TERMINOLOGY
    alges/o, -algesia exc. sensitive to pain analgesia
    -algia pain neuralgia
    esthesi/o, -esthesia feelings anesthesia
    kines/o, -kinesis movement bradykinesia
    -lepsy seizure epilepsy
    -paresis weakness hemiparesis
    -phasia speech aphasia
    -plegia paralysis hemiplegia
    -praxia action apraxia
    EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE
    MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
    https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?
    quizId=debb0ab2-29d9-4aef-9277-8c8f6fc875f4
    SHORT-ANSWERED QUESTIONS:
    1. What is central nervous system? (3-5 sentences)
    2. What is stroke? (3-5 sentences)
    QUESTIONS
    & ANSWERS

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