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Unit 2 Data Types

The document discusses different data types in C including primary, extended, user-defined, and derived data types. It also discusses input/output functions like scanf and printf and how to use them for basic data types.

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12 views

Unit 2 Data Types

The document discusses different data types in C including primary, extended, user-defined, and derived data types. It also discusses input/output functions like scanf and printf and how to use them for basic data types.

Uploaded by

hosensagar27
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTATIONAL THINKING FOR

STRUCTURED DESIGN
Prof.RITU JAIN, Asst. professor
Computer Science & Engineering
CHAPTER-2
DATA TYPES,USER I/O AND OPERATORS
DATA TYPES
• The data type specify the type of data that a variable can store.
• A data type is used to
• Identify the type of a variable when the variable is declared
• Identify the type of the return value of a function
• Identify the type of a parameter expected by a function
DATA TYPES
• ANSI C supports three classes of data
types.

1. Primary or Fundamental data types.


2. User-defined data types.
3. Derived data types.
Primary Data Types

C provides 5 primary or fundamental data types


1. Character- char
2. integer- int
3. floating point -float
4. double
5. void.
Extended data type

We can also use the short, long, signed and unsigned keywords to extend the primary data types.

So, they are called extended data types


Primary Data Types in C
Integer Types
Size and Range Of Data types on 16 bit machine
Floating Point Types
VOID

The void data type is generally used with function to denote that function is return nothing
User-defined type declaration
• C allows user to define an identifier that would represent an existing data type.
• The general form is typedef type identifier;
Eg:
typedef int units;
typedef float marks;

• Another user defined data types is enumerated data type which can be used to
declare variables that can have one of the values enclosed within the braces.
• enum identifier {value1,value2,……valuen};
Derived data type
• C allows a different types of derived data structure
• Different types of datatypes are
• array
• Functions
• Pointer
• Structure
DECLARATION OF VARIABLES
• Declarations does two things:
⮚ It tells the compiler what the variable name is
⮚ It specifies what type of data the variable will hold

⮚ Primary Type Declaration


• The syntax is
• Data-type v1,v2…..vn;
Eg:
int count;
double ratio, total;
User-defined type declaration
• C allows user to define an identifier that would represent an existing int data type.
• The general form is typedef type identifier;
Eg:
typedef int units;
typedef float marks;

• Another user defined data types is enumerated data type which can be used to declare variables
that can have one of the values enclosed within the braces.
• enum identifier {value1,value2,……valuen};
User-defined type declaration
Declaring a variable as constant

Eg:
const int class_size=40;

• This tells the compiler that the value of the int variable class_size must not be modified by the program.

Declaring a variable as volatile

•By declaring a variable as volatile, its value may be changed at any time by some external source.
Eg:
volatile int date;
USER I/O

C language has standard libraries that allow input and output in a


program. The stdio.h or standard input output library in C
that has methods for input and output.
scanf() function

The scanf() method, in C, reads the value from the console as per the type specified.
Syntax:
scanf(“%X”, &variableOfXType); where %X is the format specifier in C.
Printf()function
The printf() method, in C, prints the value passed as the parameter to it, on the console screen.

Syntax:

printf(“%X”, variableOfXType); where %X is the format specifier in C


Input /output for basic datatype

The Syntax for input and output for these are:


•Integer:
Input: scanf("%d", &intVariable); Output: printf("%d", intVariable);
•Float:
Input: scanf("%f", &floatVariable); Output: printf("%f", floatVariable);
•Character:
Input: scanf("%c", &charVariable); Output: printf("%c", charVariable);
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