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DNA Replication - PPT 1

The document discusses DNA replication and how DNA duplicates itself by splitting down the middle to form two new double-stranded DNA molecules that are identical copies of the original DNA molecule. It explains the structure of DNA including the sugar-phosphate backbones and base pairs, and how during replication the single strands serve as templates for building the new DNA molecules. The document also covers topics like the history of the discovery of DNA's structure by Watson and Crick and the roles of DNA, genes and chromosomes.

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Keira Mendoza
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415 views48 pages

DNA Replication - PPT 1

The document discusses DNA replication and how DNA duplicates itself by splitting down the middle to form two new double-stranded DNA molecules that are identical copies of the original DNA molecule. It explains the structure of DNA including the sugar-phosphate backbones and base pairs, and how during replication the single strands serve as templates for building the new DNA molecules. The document also covers topics like the history of the discovery of DNA's structure by Watson and Crick and the roles of DNA, genes and chromosomes.

Uploaded by

Keira Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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biology

10
let us pray.
Dear God, we praise and thank You for
this new day. Open our hearts and minds
to new knowledge and bright ideas.
May the spirit of wisdom come upon us,
Amen.
biology
10
BLUEPRINT
DNA
R E P L I C AT I
ON
LEARNING
• Explain how DNA duplicate
OUTCOMES itself.

• Decode the DNA coding


strand into template strand.

• Recognize the role of DNA


in building and maintaining
organisms.
0 1 DNA
• refers to as the
"blueprint of life".

0 2 HISTORY
• In 1953, James Watson and
Francis Crick worked out
that DNA is double helix
like a twisted staircase.
JAMES WATSON AND
FRANCIS CRICK
0 3 STRUCTU
RE
• The two sugar-phosphate backbones make
up the sides and the base pairs make up the
rungs or steps of the twisted staircase.
• provides a mechanism for making accurate
copies of the molecule.
0 4 MOLECUL
• Deoxyribonucleic acid is copied during interphase
E
prior to mitosis and meiosis. It is important that
new copies are exactly like the original molecule.
• making copies of DNA is called replication.
DNA
S
T
R
U
C
T
U
R
E
0 5 REPLICATI
ON
• When DNA replicates, two
identical copies of DNA molecules
are produced, which are exactly the
same as the original.
PARTS OF

DNA
• When a cell prepares to divide, the
DNA helix splits down the middle and
becomes two single strands.

• These single strands serve as templates


for building two new, double-stranded
DNA molecules - each a replica of the
original DNA molecule.
• DNA, genes and chromosomes work
together to make you who you are.
• Chromosomes carry DNA in cells.
Humans have 46 chromosomes or 23
pairs.
• First 22 pairs are call autosomes while
the 23rd pair are the sex chromosomes,
DNA is responsible for building and
maintaining your human structure.
VS
Genes are segments of your DNA, which
give you physical characteristics that make
you unique.
DNA CODING
STRAND:
TAC ATG CGG ATT ACT GTA
DNA CODING
STRAND:
TAC ATG CGG ATT ACT GTA
ATG TAC GCC TAA TGA CAT
Template strand
DNA CODING
STRAND:
CCA ATG CGG ATC GCA GAG
DNA CODING
STRAND:
CCA ATG CGG ATC GCA GAG
GGT TAC GCC TAG CGT CTC
Template strand
Decode the following DNA Coding
strand into Template strand.

DNA CODING
STRAND:
1. TCA ATG GCC AAT ACT
GTT
Decode the following DNA Coding
strand into Template strand.

DNA CODING
STRAND:
2. CCT GTA GCG AAA ACT
GGG
Decode the following DNA Coding
strand into Template strand.

DNA CODING
STRAND:
3. CTC GGT GGG CCC CAT
TAC
Decode the following DNA Coding
strand into Template strand.

DNA CODING
STRAND:
1. TCA ATG GCC AAT ACT
GTT
AGT TAC CGG TTA TGA
CAA
Decode the following DNA Coding
strand into Template strand.

DNA CODING
STRAND:
2. CCT GTA GCG AAA ACT
GGG
GGA CAT CGC TTT TGA
CCC
Decode the following DNA Coding
strand into Template strand.

DNA CODING
STRAND:
3. CTC GGT GGG CCC CAT
TAC
GAG CCA CCC GGG GTA
ATG
WHY DNA
H AV E B A S E
PA I R I N G S ?
• allows DNA to accurately replicate
itself.
• It also allows DNA to be transcribed
accurately into RNA and then
translated from RNA to amino acids.
• vital in replication processes, when
each DNA strand serves as a template
for the synthesis of a new strand.
DNA double helix is always anti-parallel; in other
words, one strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction,
and vice-versa.
T his is known as leading and lagging strand ,
the main difference is that the leading strand
is the DNA strand, which grows continuously
during DNA replication whereas lagging
strand is the DNA strand, which grows
discontinuously by forming short segments
known as Okazaki fragments.
DNA is important in cell division as it is the
mechanism by which DNA is passed from one
generation of cells.

DNA is a complex molecule that contains


all of the information necessary to build
and maintain an organism.
Complete the sentences.

DNA is a __________ structure. It contains four


nitrogenous bases, ____, ______, ______, and _______.
DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to
develop, survive and reproduce.
Complete the sentences.

DNA is a double helix structure. It contains four


nitrogenous bases, ____, ______, ______, and _______.
DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to
develop, survive and reproduce.
Complete the sentences.

DNA is a double helix structure. It contains four


nitrogenous bases, Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and
Cytosine. DNA contains the instructions needed for an
organism to develop, survive and reproduce.
Identify what is being asked.

DNA is also known as?


Identify what is being asked.

DNA is also known as?


Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
Identify what is being asked.

Four nitrogenous bases of DNA?


Identify what is being asked.

Four nitrogenous bases of DNA?


Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and
Cytosine
Identify what is being asked.

What strand is 3’ to 5’?


Identify what is being asked.

What strand is 3’ to 5’?


Leading Strand
Identify what is being asked.

What strand is 5’ to 3’?


Identify what is being asked.

What strand is 5’ to 3’?


Lagging Strand
Identify what is being asked.

What type of molecule does DNA


belongs?
Identify what is being asked.

What type of molecule does DNA


Nucleic
belongs?Acid
ASSIGNMEN
T:
Read about the
process of
Transcription and
Translation.

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