EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER

AND

COMPUTER GENERATION
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READY?
COMPUTER
What is the first mechanical device used for
calculation?
ABACUS
Vacuum Tubes
RAM Stands for?
RANDOM
ACCESS
MEMORY
In COMPUTER GENERATION, what generation are we
in today?

A: Generation Z B: 5th Generation

C: Present Generation
D: AI Generated Generation
In COMPUTER GENERATION, what generation are we
in today?

B: 5th Generation
Evolution of Computer
Evolution of Computer

ABACUS
- the first mechanical device used for calculations.

- invented by mesopotamians around 3000 BC.

Evolution of Computer

ABACUS
Evolution of Computer

NAPIER BONES
- invented by John Napier , a Scottish
mathematician in 1617.
- it has set of rods or bones with multiplication
tables on them.
- perform addition , subtraction , multiplication ,
and division.
Evolution of Computer

NAPIER BONES
Evolution of Computer

PASCALINE
- invented by Blaise Pascal , a french mathematician
in 1642.
- was the first mechanical calculator made up of
gears or wheels.

- perform addition , subtraction operation that was

faster than the Abacus.
Evolution of Computer

PASCALINE
Evolution of Computer

PASCALINE
 Evolution of Computer

LEIBNIZ WHEEL
- invented by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1685.

- extended pascal's calculator to have automatic

multiplication and division.
 Evolution of Computer

LEIBNIZ WHEEL
 Evolution of Computer

JACQUARD LOOM
- invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804.

- controlled by a number of punch cards placed

together into a continuous sequence.
 Evolution of Computer

JACQUARD LOOM
Evolution of Computer

DIFFERENTIAL ENGINE
- invented by Charles Babbage, a British
mathematician in 1822.

- it could solve differential equation and was

powered by steam.

- stored programs to perform calculations and print

results automatically.
 Evolution of Computer

DIFFERENTIAL
ENGINE
 Evolution of Computer

ANALYTICAL ENGINE
- invented in 1833 which was the basis of modern
computer.

- consists of Five units.

•input
•output •store
•mill
•control.
 Evolution of Computer

ANALYTICAL ENGINE

- performed addition , subtraction, multiplication,

and division.
 Evolution of Computer

ANALYTICAL
ENGINE
Evolution of Computer

CENSUS MACHINE
- it was invented by an american named herman in
1889.

- it was invented to count the population of you

USA.

- it's operations were controlled by punch cards.

Evolution of Computer

CENSUS MACHINE
Evolution of Computer

MARK 1
- it was invented by howard i can in 1944.

- Aiken collaborated with IBM and developed the

largest Ectromechanical Computer.
Evolution of Computer

MARK 1

- first operating machine that could execute

computations automatically.

- the real beginning of the era of modern computer.

Evolution of Computer

MARK 1
Evolution of Computer

MARK 1
 Evolution of Computer

JOHN VON NEUMANN

ARCHITECTURE
- Dr. John Neumann proposed the concept of stored
program computer.

- program and data could be stored in the same

memory unit.
 Evolution of Computer

JOHN VON NEUMANN

ARCHITECTURE
5 Components
• Processing Unit
• Control Unit
• Memory
• External Storage
• Input and Output Mechanism
Evolution of Computer
COMPUTER GENERATIONS
FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS ( VACUUM TUBES BASED)

• Computers that were develop during the

1940s to 1950s.

• The first generation of computers is

characterized by the use of “Vacuum tubes” and
it was developed in 1904 by the British
engineer “John Ambrose Fleming”.
FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS ( VACUUM TUBES BASED)

• A vacuum tube is an electronic device that

is used to control the flow of electric
current in a vacuum. It is used in
CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) Tv, Radio, etc.
FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS ( VACUUM TUBES BASED)

• ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and

Computer), built by”J Presper Eckert and John
V Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania.
FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS ( VACUUM TUBES BASED)

• UNIVAC(Univeral Automatic Computer) in

1952.
FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS ( VACUUM TUBES BASED)
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(VACUUM TUBES BASED)

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• These computers were designed by using
• The computer was very costly.
vacuum tubes.

• These generations’ computers were simple • Very large in size.

architecture.
• It takes up a lot of space and
• These computers calculate data in a electricity.
millisecond.
• The speed of these computers was
• This computer is used for scientific purposes very slow
FIRST GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (VACUUM TUBES BASED)

EXAMPLES:

• ENIAC
• UNIVAC 1
• IBM 650
• IBM 701
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (TRANSISTOR BASED)
• Computers that were develop during the
1950s to 1960s.
• These computers replaced vacuum tubes with
transistors. Thus, making them smaller, faster,
and more efficient.
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (TRANSISTOR BASED)
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (TRANSISTOR BASED)
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (TRANSISTOR BASED)
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• Offered better portability and • Not very versatile and cheaper.

smaller size.

• Provided better speed and

improved accuracy. • Only used for specific objectives
• Computers were smaller, more reliable, and required frequent maintenance.
and capable of using less power than the
previous computers
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (TRANSISTOR BASED)

EXAMPLES:

• IBM 1401
• IBM 7090
• IBM 7094
• UNIVAC 1107
 THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)

• A generation of computers appeared between

1964 and 1971.

• Uses a silicone component also referred as

microchip or integrated circuit.
 THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)

• Led to the creation of smaller and cheaper

computers that were much faster than the older
computers.

• Replacing the outdated punchcards, this

generation also offered new input devices like
the mouse and keyboard.
 THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)
 THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)
 THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)
THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• More cost-effective and widely used
• It isn’t easy to maintain integrated
circuit chips.
• More accurate than previous generations

• Advanced technology was needed to

• Low maintenance costs due to rare manufacture IC chips.
hardware failure

• Third-gen computers still needed air

• Used for general purposes with a high conditioning even though they produced
storage capacity
less heat.
THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BASED)

EXAMPLES:

IBM 360
IBM 370
PDP-11
UNIVAC 1108
FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(MICROPROCESSOR BASED)

• The fourth generation was from 1971-1980

• Computers became more powerful, compact,

reliable, and affordable. As a result, this event
marked the beginning of the Personal
Computer (PC) revolution.
FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(MICROPROCESSOR BASED)

• High-level programming languages such as

C, C++, DBASE, and others were widely used
by this generation.

• VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated) circuits

were used in computers from the fourth
generation onward.
FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(MICROPROCESSOR BASED)
FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(MICROPROCESSOR BASED)
FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (MICROPROCESSOR BASED)

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• Can be used with almost any high-level
programming language. • The production of VLSI (Very Large-Scale
Integration) chips required the use of
modern technology.
• Prices are reasonable.

• Don't produce any heat. This means they do not

require the use of an air conditioner to keep cool.
• Advanced technical knowledge was
required for the production of
• Lightweight and portable. microprocessors.

• As a result of daily developments, they are • Integrated circuits (ICs) can be

constantly updating themselves. manufactured using a high-quality and
dependable system or technology.
FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (MICROPROCESSOR BASED)

EXAMPLES:

IBM PC
STAR 1000
APPLE II
Apple Macintosh
FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BASED)

• The fifth generation of computers that will

develop along the present and the future.

• This generation is entirely based on artificial

intelligence (AI) software.
FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BASED)
• This generation introduced machines with
hundreds of processors that could all be
working on different parts of a single program.

• Computers are also required to use a high

level of languages like C language, C++, Java,
etc.
FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BASED)

• This generation is also the most capable of

cramming a huge quantity of storage into a
small and portable device. Beal, V. (2022, July
20).
FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BASED)

• The goal of fifth-generation computing is to

create machines that can learn and self-
organize in response to natural language input.
FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
(ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BASED)
FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (MICROPROCESSOR BASED)

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

• These computers are far quicker than previous

generations.
• It can give businesses additional power to
monitor your activities and potentially infect
your machine.
• These computers are simpler to repair.

• They’re usually sophisticated but could be

• These computers are substantially difficult to use.
smaller in size than other generation computers.

• They are lightweight and easy to move.

FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTERS (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
BASED)

EXAMPLES:

Desktops
Laptops
Tablets
Smartphones
 REFERENCES:
• Beal, V. (2022, July 20). What are the Five Generations of Computers? (1st to 5th). Webopedia.
https://www.webopedia.com/insights/generations-of-computers/

• GeeksforGeeks. (2021). Fifth generation of computers. GeeksforGeeks.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/fifth- generation-of-computers/

• Characteristics of fourth generation computers. (2022). Unacademy.

https://unacademy.com/content/bank-exam/study-material/computer-knowledge/characteristics-of-
fourth-generation-computers/

• Computer - fourth generation. (2021). Tutorialspoint.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/computer_fourth_generation.htm
 END

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