Scribd
Upload
14 views

Introduction Routing Protocol

Dynamic routing protocols dynamically share information between routers, automatically update routing tables when network topology changes, and determine the best path to destinations. Routing protocols are classified as interior gateway protocols used within autonomous systems like RIP, EIGRP, and OSPF, or exterior gateway protocols like BGP used between autonomous systems. Metrics and preferences help routing protocols calculate the best paths.

Uploaded by

loopavoidanceit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Introduction Routing Protocol

Dynamic routing protocols dynamically share information between routers, automatically update routing tables when network topology changes, and determine the best path to destinations. Routing protocols are classified as interior gateway protocols used within autonomous systems like RIP, EIGRP, and OSPF, or exterior gateway protocols like BGP used between autonomous systems. Metrics and preferences help routing protocols calculate the best paths.

Uploaded by

loopavoidanceit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Introduction to Dynamic Routing Protocol

Routing Protocols and Concepts


Dynamic Routing Protocols
• Function(s) of Dynamic Routing Protocols:
•-Dynamically share information between routers.
•-Automatically update routing table when topology changes.
•-Determine best path to a destination.
Dynamic Routing Protocols
• The purpose of a dynamic routing protocol is to:
•-Discover remote networks
•-Maintaining up-to-date routing information
•-Choosing the best path to destination networks
•-Ability to find a new best path if the current path is no longer available
Dynamic Routing Protocols
• Components of a routing protocol
•Algorithm
• In the case of a routing protocol algorithms are used for facilitating routing information
and best path determination
•Routing protocol messages
• These are messages for discovering neighbors and exchange of routing information
Dynamic Routing Protocols
• Advantages of static routing
•-Easy to configure
•-No extra resources are needed
•-More secure
• Disadvantages of static routing
•-Network changes require manual reconfiguration
•-Does not scale well in large topologies
Classifying Routing Protocols
• Dynamic routing protocols are grouped according to characteristics.
Examples include:
•-RIP
•-IGRP
•-EIGRP
•-OSPF
•-IS-IS
•-BGP

• Autonomous System is a group of routers under the control of a


single authority.
Classifying Routing Protocols
• Types of routing protocols:
•-Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP)
•-Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGP)
•
Classifying Routing Protocols
• Interior Gateway Routing Protocols (IGP)
•-Used for routing inside an autonomous system & used to route within the
individual networks themselves.
•-Examples: RIP, EIGRP, OSPF
• Exterior Routing Protocols (EGP)
•-Used for routing between autonomous systems
•-Example: BGPv4
Classifying Routing Protocols
• IGP: Comparison of Distance Vector & Link State Routing Protocols
•Distance vector
– routes are advertised as vectors
• of distance & direction.
– incomplete view of network
• topology.
–Generally, periodic
• updates.
•Link state
– complete view of network
• topology is created.
– updates are not
• periodic.
•
Distance Vector vs. Link State Routing

• With distance vector routing, each node has information only about
the next hop:
• Node A: to reach F go to B
• Node B: to reach F go to D
• Node D: to reach F go to E
• Node E: go directly to F AA BB CC

• Distance vector routing makes


poor routing decisions if
directions are not completely
correct
(e.g., because a node is down). DD EE FF

• If parts of the directions incorrect, the routing may be incorrect until the
routing algorithms has re-converged.

10
Distance Vector vs. Link State Routing

• In link state routing, each node has a complete map of the topology
A B C A B C A B C

D E F D E F D E F

• If a node fails, each AA BB CC


node can calculate
the new route

• Difficulty: All nodes need to DD EE FF


have a consistent view of the A B C
network A B C A B C

D E F
D E F D E F

11
Classifying Routing Protocols

• Classful routing protocols


•Do NOT send subnet mask in
routing updates
• Classless routing protocols
•Do send subnet mask in
•routing updates.
Classifying Routing Protocols
• Convergence is defined as when all routers’ routing tables are at a
state of consistency
Routing Protocols Metrics
• Metric
•A value used by a routing protocol to determine which routes
are better than others.
Routing Protocols Metrics
• Metrics used in IP routing protocols
•-Bandwidth
•-Cost
•-Hop count
Routing Protocols Metrics
• The Metric Field in the Routing
Table
• Metric used for each routing
protocol
•-RIP - hop count
•-IS-IS & OSPF – Cost, Bandwidth
Routing Protocols Metrics
• Load balancing
•This is the ability of a router to distribute packets among
multiple same cost paths
Routing Protocol Preference
• Purpose of a metric
•It’s a calculated value used to determine the best path to a destination
• Purpose of Preference
•It’s a numeric value that specifies the preference of a particular route

https://support.huawei.com/enterprise/en/doc/
EDOC1100086956#EN-US_TOPIC_0291822205
Summary
• Dynamic routing protocols fulfill the following functions
•-Dynamically share information between routers
•-Automatically update routing table when topology changes
•-Determine best path to a destination
• Routing protocols are grouped as either
•-Interior gateway protocols (IGP)Or
•-Exterior gateway protocols(EGP)
• Types of IGPs include
•-Classless routing protocols - these protocols include subnet mask in routing
updates
•-Classful routing protocols - these protocols do not include subnet mask in
routing update
Summary
• Metrics are used by dynamic routing protocols to calculate the best
path to a destination.
• Preference is an integer value that is used to indicate a router’s
“trustworthiness”
• Components of a routing table include:
•-Route source
•-Preference
•-Metric

You might also like