成大土木 x 繽紛科技聯合 BIM 工程應用實務課程 112 學年度 下學期 BIM 技術應用於營建工程之案例分析

APPLICATION OF BIM FOR FABRICATION OF PANELS AND 2. Engineering Challenges

IRREGULAR CONCRETE STRUCTURES Construction of the Dongdaemun Design Plaza faced considerable challenges: intricate design
Dongdaemun Design Plaza, Seoul, South Korea requirements demanded innovative engineering solutions, its central urban setting posed
logistical hurdles, and the project was constrained by a tight timeline coupled with budget
limitations.
2.1 Complexity of Design
The Dongdaemun Design Plaza's unique shape meant that over 45,000 panels, including 20,000
specially curved ones, had to be made quickly and affordably. Finding a way to efficiently
customize each panel was crucial. Each time the design and fitting of the panels were adjusted,
it significantly affected the project's timeline. This was because every tiny change required
starting over with the design details, as suggested by the facade experts and Zaha Hadid
Architects.

Figure 1.1-1 Dongdaemun Design Plaza Night Facade

1. Project Introduction
The Dongdaemun Design Plaza (DDP), located in Seoul, South Korea, is an iconic urban
Quantity
development landmark known for its distinctive neo-futuristic design, featuring curvilinear Panel Type
(Piece)
Area Ratio Flat Single Curved Double Curved

forms and no straight lines or walls. Building Information Modeling (BIM) played a crucial role in
Flat 13,841 9492 m2 29%
its construction, enabling the realization of its complex architecture.
Single
1.1 Basic Information Curved
9,554 7455 m2 22%

Double
Address : 281 Eulji-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, South Korea 21,738 16281 m2 49%
Curved
Annual Visitor Count : 13.75 Million (as of 2023)
Total 45,133 33228 m2 100% 29% 22% 49%
Projected Cost : US $ 200 Million
Actual Cost : US $ 370 Million Figure 2.1-1 Distribution of Panel Types
Project Duration : Design Competition April 2007 – August 2007
: Site Clearance December 2007 –
Initially, the plan was to use about 14,000 panels, but this number grew to more than 45,000.
February 2009
With every adjustment, the way panels connected and interacted had to be rethought, making
: Construction March 2009 –
previous designs obsolete. Additionally, getting different design software to work together
March 2014
smoothly became a major challenge
: Official Opening Date March 21, 2014
Site Area : 65,000 m2
Gross Floor Area : 86,574 m2
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 成大土木 x 繽紛科技聯合 BIM 工程應用實務課程 112 學年度 下學期 BIM 技術應用於營建工程之案例分析

2.2 Historical Location Construction Management Consortium of :

The Dongdaemun Design Plaza is in a historic part of Seoul, near the East Gate (Dongdaemun), Kunwon Engineering
an area famous for fashion. It's built on the site of an old stadium, with some stadium lights left
Global Team Space Engineering & Consulting (GTS
to honor the history. During construction, remains of ancient walls and military sites were
found, requiring design changes by Zaha Hadid's team to incorporate these historical elements, E&C)
adding to the project's complexity. Heerim CM
2.3 Schedule and Budget Constraints
The Dongdaemun Design Plaza project was under strict time and financial constraints. It was Cladding Consortium of :
completed four times faster than similar exhibition spaces built in South Korea between 2012 Iljin Aluminum
and 2014, and at least 1.3 times quicker than other Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) projects.
SteelLife
Despite the fast pace, the cost was about 132% to 177% higher than other exhibition facilities
constructed during the same period. Given DDP's intricate design, the budget was considerably Steel E&C (ISS)
tight.
Table 3.1-1 (cont.) Dongdaemun Construction Team
3. Organizational Roles

Roles Participants 3.1 Participants in the Project of DDP

The construction of the Dongdaemun Design Plaza (DDP) was a massive undertaking that
Owner/Client City of Seoul demanded a diverse and specialized team. Each participant played a critical role, from initial
design to the final construction phases. As the project's requirements grew in complexity,
additional experts, such as BIM consultants, were recruited to address specific challenges,
Design Architect, Construction Zaha Hadid Architects
Administration 3.2 Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA)
ZHA took on the role of design architect, bringing their renowned innovative and futuristic
design concepts to the project. They were instrumental in shaping the unique architectural
Architect of Record Samoo Architects & Engineering
identity of the DDP, requiring intricate detailing and complex geometrical considerations.
Construction Documentation
3.3 Samoo Architects & Engineering
Construction Administration
Samoo partnered with ZHA to handle construction documentation and construction
administration. Their local expertise complemented ZHA's design work, ensuring that the
Façade Consultant Group 5F, Evolute, Ebener project's execution adhered to South Korean construction standards and practices.

3.4 Group 5F, Evolute, Ebener

Main Contractor Samsung Construction and Trade (Samsung C&T) These facade consultants specialized in the complex façade system of the DDP. Their expertise
Consortium was critical in realizing the ambitious designs of ZHA, particularly in engineering and fabricating
the thousands of unique façade panels.

BIM Consultant Gehry Technologies (GT) Korea 3.5 Samsung Consortium and Trade
As the main contractor, Samsung C&T was responsible for the overall construction of the DDP.
Table 3.1-1 Dongdaemun Construction Team They managed the construction site, coordinated between various subcontractors, and ensured
that the construction process adhered to the planned schedule and budget.

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 成大土木 x 繽紛科技聯合 BIM 工程應用實務課程 112 學年度 下學期 BIM 技術應用於營建工程之案例分析

3.6 Gehry Technologies 5. Scope of BIM Application

Brought on board as BIM consultants, GT Korea played a crucial role in developing Building
Information Modeling (BIM) for the DDP. Their work facilitated the management of complex
geometries and integration of construction processes, improving efficiency and communication
among teams.
3.7 Kunwon Engineering, GTS E&C, Heerim CM
This consortium handled construction management, overseeing the construction to ensure it 5.1 BIM Models for Low Rise Buildings
met the project's quality, time, and cost requirements. Their expertise was essential in
coordinating the project's various components and stakeholders.
3.8 Iljin Aluminum, SteelLife, Steel E&C (ISS)
Specializing in cladding, this consortium was responsible for the fabrication and installation of
the DDP's unique façade panels. Their work was critical to achieving the architectural vision,
5.2 Digital Project Master
requiring precision engineering and customization.

4. BIM Utilization Throughout the Life Cycle

5.3 Fabrication of Aluminum Panels

5.5 Irregularly Shaped Interior Concrete Structures

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 成大土木 x 繽紛科技聯合 BIM 工程應用實務課程 112 學年度 下學期 BIM 技術應用於營建工程之案例分析

6. Software Utilization

5.1 BIM Models for Low Rise Buildings

5.2 Digital Project Master

5.4 Fabrication of Aluminum Panels

5.5 Irregularly Shaped Interior Concrete Structures

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 成大土木 x 繽紛科技聯合 BIM 工程應用實務課程 112 學年度 下學期 BIM 技術應用於營建工程之案例分析

7. Workflow and Process Overview 5. Scope of BIM Application

5.1 BIM Models for Low Rise Buildings

5.2 Digital Project Master

5.4 Fabrication of Aluminum Panels

5.5 Irregularly Shaped Interior Concrete Structures

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 成大土木 x 繽紛科技聯合 BIM 工程應用實務課程 112 學年度 下學期 BIM 技術應用於營建工程之案例分析

3.6 Gehry Technologies 5. Scope of BIM Application

Brought on board as BIM consultants, GT Korea played a crucial role in developing Building
Information Modeling (BIM) for the DDP. Their work facilitated the management of complex
geometries and integration of construction processes, improving efficiency and communication
among teams.
3.7 Kunwon Engineering, GTS E&C, Heerim CM
This consortium handled construction management, overseeing the construction to ensure it
met the project's quality, time, and cost requirements. Their expertise was essential in
coordinating the project's various components and stakeholders.
3.8 Iljin Aluminum, SteelLife, Steel E&C (ISS)
Specializing in cladding, this consortium was responsible for the fabrication and installation of
the DDP's unique façade panels. Their work was critical to achieving the architectural vision,
requiring precision engineering and customization. 5.1 BIM Models for Low Rise Buildings

4. Implementation in Life Cycle

5.2 Digital Project Master

5.4 Fabrication of Aluminum Panels

5.5 Irregularly Shaped Interior Concrete Structures

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