Research in Daily Life 1

Qualitative Research
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the learner must be able to:
a. Discuss the importance of research to daily life
b. Understand the meaning of qualitative research
c. Identify and differentiate qualitative research from quantitative research
d. Describe the characteristic, strengths and weaknesses of quantitative
research
e. Discuss the contributions of research
f. Identify the approaches to qualitative research
g. Enumerate and explain the qualitative research methods
h. Identify and discuss the importance quantitative research to the different
fields
of discipline
i. Identify and describe the basic components of a qualitative research
Importance of Research to Daily Life

Research tries to discover new ideas and knowledge on

something new that would
contribute to the development and betterment of specific field
of discipline
 Research also helps us to work scientifically and
systematically
 It also help students to have an in-depth knowledge of
something and elevate their
mental activities by letting you think in higher order thinking
skills of inferring, evaluating,
synthesizing, appreciating, applying, and creating
What is Qualitative Research?
As per the qualitative research definition, it is exploratory
research that is used to understand the reasons and opinions of
individuals. Moreover, it is an important market-based research
study that focuses on obtaining qualitative data through open-
ended conversations.
The purpose is to comprehend the main problem and develop
ideas and methods for future quantitative research.
People typically use qualitative study in opposition to
quantitative research. However, sometimes, they are not
completely aware of the differences between
qualitative vs. quantitative research. Many think that both serve
the same purpose, which is not true.
Moreover, the methods of qualitative research have a long
history in the field of social science. It is used to obtain and use
qualitative data to understand the social life of the targeted
population. Here, the primary focal point is the micro-level
interaction.
Qualitative research is a type of social science research that collects and
works with non-numerical data and that seeks to interpret meaning from
these data that help understand social life through the study of targeted
populations or places (Crossman,2020).

According to Bhandari (2020):

Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data
(e.g., text, video, or audio) to understand concepts, opinions, or
experiences. It can be used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or
generate new ideas for research.
Qualitative research is the opposite of quantitative research, which involves
collecting and analyzing numerical data for statistical analysis.
Qualitative research is commonly used in the humanities and social
sciences, in subjects
such as anthropology, sociology, education, health sciences, history, etc
Difference between Qualitative Research and Quantitative
Research
Qualitative research requires non- numerical data and makes use of
words rather than numbers to express the findings while quantitative
research involves measurement of data and makes use of
quantitative data to express the study.
Contributions of Research
Research can be done either in the qualitative or quantitative form in
the following areas of discipline: arts, humanities, sports, science,
business, agriculture and fisheries, information and communication
technology, and social inquiry. Qualitative research is more
appropriate in the areas of arts, humanities, social sciences and
social inquiry.
Quantitative research is more appropriate in the areas of
mathematics, science, business, information technology, agriculture
and fisheries. However, it should be noted that both research
approaches can be used in all disciplined depending on the
objectivity of the research study to be conducted
Qualitative research question examples
How does social media shapes the minds of teenagers?
How do students interpret quality education?
What factors influence employee motivation in a large organization?
How does depression affects student performance?
Approaches to Qualitative Research
According to Bhandari (2020),
 Qualitative research is used to understand how people experience
the world. While there are many approaches to qualitative research,
they tend to be flexible and focus on retaining rich meaning when
interpreting data.
 Common approaches include grounded theory, ethnography,
action research, phenomenological research, and narrative research.
They share some similarities, but emphasize different aims and
perspectives.
DESIGN OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
 The design of qualitative research is a general way of thinking
about writing a qualitative research paper. It also helps to
describe the purpose, stages, types, and methods of
qualitative research.
 Mainly, there are six types of qualitative research. They are
considered as the most flexible research techniques that
provide learners with the appropriate knowledge. Similarly, it
also helps you to understand the behavior, beliefs, and
opinions of individuals.
 Nevertheless, these types use similar data collection methods
but have different purposes of the study.
 If you are new to the concept, we recommend you to go
through this blog until the end. You will also find examples to
get an in-depth understanding of the approaches.
 Types of Qualitative Research Methods
Researchers collect data of the targeted population, place, or event by
using different types of qualitative research analysis.
Below are the most commonly used qualitative research types for
writing a research paper.
The following is a detailed description of these research types.

Ethnography Method
The table shows the basic elements of the ethnography method.

Purpose •Describe cultural characteristics

•Identify the cultural aspects and variables by reviewing the
literature
Method •Getting involved in the environment, live with the target
audience, and collect data through observing and interacting with
subjects

Analysis Describe the main parameters of culture

Outcomes A detailed description of the social morals

Types of Ethnography
Descriptive (also referred to as conventional )
ethnography
-Description of Culture or Groups
-Uncovering Patterns, types categories
-Generally no explicitly ideological (i.e. political
intent)
Critical Ethnography
-Uses similar data collection and analytical methods
to descriptive ethnography
- Has an explicit ideological (i.e political) intent
usually to free or emancipate what is seen to be an
oppressed group from that oppression.
Narrative Method

Collect data in the form of a

Purpose
cohesive story
Review the sequence of
events and conduct
Method interviews to describe the
largest influences that
affected an individual.
Analyze different life
Analysis
situations and opportunities
Present a short story with
Outcomes themes, conflicts, and
challenges
Phenomenological Method

Describe the experiences, events, or

Purpose
situations from different angles

•Sampling and data collection by conducting

interviews, observation, surveys, and
Method reading documents
•Describe and write the experience of the
phenomena

Classify the data and examine the

Data Analysis
experiences beyond human awareness

A database is formed to describe the

Outcomes
findings from a subject’s viewpoint
Grounded Theory Method

•Used to develop theory, identify social

development and ways to deal it
Purpose
•Involves the formulation and testing of
data until the theory is developed

Data collection methods such as

Method interviews, observation, literature
review, and document analysis

Theory formation and development by a

Analysis
sampling of literature
Theory supported by relevant examples
Outcomes
from data
Case Study

Describe an experience,
Purpose person, event, or place in
detail

Direct observation and

Method
interaction with the subject

Analysis Analyze the experiences

An in-depth description of
Outcomes
the subjects
 Historical Method

Describe and examines past events to understand

Purpose
present patterns and predicting future scenarios

•Develop your idea after reading the relevant literature

•Develop the types of qualitative research questions
•Identify the sources - archives, libraries, papers
Method
•Clarify the reliability and validity of data sources
•Create a research outline to organize the process
•Collect data

•Analyze the data by accepting or rejecting it

Analysis
•Identify the conflicting evidence

Outcomes Present the findings in the form of biography or paper

“Qualitative research transforms curiosity into
understanding; it's not merely about collecting
data, but about weaving the rich tapestry of
human experience into a tapestry of insight and
empathy."

Thank you!