Rounding off

Rounding off to the nearest whole number

We need to check the digit at the tenths place if it is more than or equal
to 5 then increase the digit at ones place by one and add zero after ones
place (that is at tenths, hundredths and thousandths place as the case
may be).
For eg 45.65 ≈ 46.00
If the digit at tenths place is between 0 to 4 add zero after the ones
place (that is at tenths, hundredths and thousandths place as the case
may be) and keep the digit at ones place as it is.
For eg 23.42 ≈ 23.00
 DECIMALS ADDITION

Remember- any whole number can be converted into decimal by adding any
number of zeros required at the end.

for example 38=38.00

• Adding zeros after the decimal numbers will never change its value.

for example 23.5 is equal to 2 3.500

• Adding zero before the decimal doesn't change the value.

for example 0.59 equal to 00.59 or 00000.59

Addition
Properties of addition
• Any decimal number plus zero is equal to the decimal number itself.

Example 2.14 + 0= 2.14

• Any decimal number + 1 is = successor of the whole number part of the decimal number.

Example 36.25 + 1= 37.25

• Any number + 0.1 is =is the tens place by 1 in the tenths place in the result increase the tenths place by 1.

Example 14.823 + 0.1 = 14.923

• Any decimal number + 0.01 =in the result increase the hundredth place by 1.

Example 6.240 + 0.01 = 6.250

• Any decimal number + 0.001 =in the result increase the thousandths place by 1.

Example 6.014 + 0.001 = 6.015

Addition Of Decimal
In order to add the given decimal numbers we need to first convert the given decimal numbers into
like decimals by adding zeros at the end.

We need to follow the place value chart.

eg 1.2 + 3.45
1.20
+3.45
4.65

Q1 Add:
A 1.5 + 3.4=
B 17.5 + 23.4=
C 7.54 + 2.89=
D 1.756 + 2.349=
Story Sums

Q1 Anu spent rupees 25. 58 to buy a comic book, rupees 75.50 to buy a pen and rupees 17.50 to buy a pencil.
Find the total amount of money spent by her.

Q2 Ram covered a distance of 2 8.70 km by car, 38.5 0 kilometre by bus and 55.8 0 kilometre by train. Find the
total distance covered by him?

Q3 Find the total amount of money due on the following bill-

T shirt Rs 456.70

Neck tie Rs 187.00

Jacket Rs 567.80

Shirt Rs 789.50
Subtraction of decimals
Properties

• Any decimal number - 0 =the decimal itself.

Example 23.41 – 0= 23.41

• Any decimal number - the same decimal number = zero.

Example 12.34 – 12.34 = 0

• Any decimal number - 1 = the whole number reduces by 1 in the result.

Example 4.215 – 1= 3.215

• Any decimal number - 0.1 = tenth place reduces by one in the result.

Example 23.56 – 0.1= 23.46

• Any decimal number - 0.01= hundredths place reduces by 1 in the result.

Example 54.234 – 0.01 = 54.224

• Any decimal number = in the result the thousandths place reduces by 1.

Example 8.437 – 0.001 = 8.436

Fill in the blanks

A 78.5 6 -70 8.56

B 98.42 to minus 1

C 36.7 4 - 0.1

D 48.7 89 - 48.7 89

E 36.7 84 - 0

F 3.74 -0.01

G 14.8 2 9 - 0.001
Subtraction Of Decimals
In order to separate the given decimal numbers we need to convert them to like decimals

7.8 - 3.257=

7.800
- 3.257
4.543
Homework
Q Subtract

A 12.75 - 10.35

B 25.26-13.564

C 189.25-98.243

D 78 - 24.90

E 178 - 105 .95

Q1 Anuj had Rupees 175 with him and he spent Rupees 48.50 to buy a watch. How much money is left with
him?
Amount of money with him =
Amount of money he spent=
Amount of money left with him =

Q2 Subtract and check - 78.56 from hundred.

Q3 Aman had 78.50 metre of rope and he used 15.30 metre of it. What is the length of rope left with him?
Q4 Read the following table and answer the questions

S no. Item Amount in Rupees

1 pens 38.50

2 pencils 48.70

3 colour pencils 13.30

4 books 14.20

Total

1) Find the total amount of money due on the bill?

2) If we give rupees 500 to the shopkeeper, how much money will you get back?

3) Arrange the cost of the items according to ascending order.

4) Round off the cost of pens and pencils to the nearest Whole number.
Q5 The distance covered by bus on various days are given below:-

Monday - 67.80 kilometre

Tuesday - 123.50 kilometre

Wednesday - 34.70 kilometre

Thursday - 89.00 kilometre

a) Arrange the distance covered by bus according to descending order.

b) What is the distance covered on Monday and Tuesday?

Decimal Multiplication
Properties of multiplication of decimals
• Any decimal number x 0 =zero.

Eg 5.2 x 0 = 0

• Any decimal number x 1 =decimal number itself.

Eg 3.12 x 1 = 3.12

• If we change the order of the numbers the product remain the same.

Eg 2.1 x 5.3 = 5.3 x 2.1

• Any decimal number x 10 = shift decimal one place to the right.

Eg 12.82 x 10= 128.2

• Any decimal number x 100 = shift the decimal two places to the right.

Eg 3.214 x 100= 321.4

• Any decimal number x 1000 = shift the decimal three places to the right.

Eg 54.126 x 1000= 54126.0

Multiplication Of Decimals

1) With whole number

In order to multiply a given decimal number with whole number we need to keep place value
chart in mind.

Remember - to multiply in the same manner as we multiply whole numbers and put decimal
point in the answer.

Example 7.8 into 3

7.8
X 3
23.4
 LET US PRACTICE

a) 1.7 x 21

b) 142.7 x 14

c) 1.23 x 5
2) with decimal number

In order to multiply a decimal number with another decimal number we need to

multiply in the same way as it is a large number and put the decimal point in the
answer.

for example 1.5 into 1.2

1.5
x1.2
30
+1 5 0
1.8 0
Find The Product Of:-
a) 1.7 x 1.9

b) 21.3 x 5.6

c) 6.7 x 8.9

d) 1.001 x 0.002

e) 23.1 x 3.1

f) 1.27 x 3.1

g) 1.23 x 1.2

h) 1.3 x 0.5
Story sums
Q1 The cost of one pencil is rupees 203.4 find the cost of 20 such pencils.

Q2 Read the following bill and answer the questions

S no. Item Quantity cost of each

item in rupees
1 posters 2 123.60

2 watch 3 134.50

3 toy car 4 141.50

4 School bag 1 172.50

Total 10

• Find the total amount due on the bill.

• If you buy 5 school bags, find the total amount of money you need to pay.
 Story Sums
Q3 A shopkeeper sold 2 kg of potatoes for Rs 40.50 per kg and 3 kgs of onion for
Rs 72.50 per kg. Find the total amount of money earned by him.
 Division Of Decimals
Properties
Any decimal number ÷ 1 = decimal number itself.
Eg 2.1 ÷ 1=2.1
Any decimal number ÷ zero is not possible.
Eg 85.84 ÷ 0 = not defined
Any decimal number ÷ the same decimal number = 1.
Eg 13.1 ÷ 13.1 = 1
Any decimal number ÷ 10 = in the quotient decimal
will shift one place to the left.
Any decimal number ÷ 1000 = decimal will shift 3 Eg 42.17 ÷ 10= 4.217
places to the left.
Eg 13687.1 ÷ 1000= 13.6871
Any decimal number ÷ 100 = in the quotient decimal
will shift 2 places to the left.
Eg 782.2 ÷ 100 = 7.822
 Think and Answer

a) 23.4 56 /1

b) 5.6/0

c) 6.78/10

d) 5.78/5.78

e) 12.34/10

f) 67.890/100
 Division By Single Digit Whole Number
In order to divide the given decimal number by a whole number we divide using long division method and put
the decimal accordingly 5

example 25.2 ÷ 5 5 1 Quotient= 5.1 10

5 ) 2 5 8 15

2 5 20
Divisor= 5 Dividend= 25.8
0 0 8 25

30
5
35
3 Remainder= 3 40

45

50
Units of measurement

Units of measurement like kg, gram, kilometre, etcetra like length, mass and volume also use decimals.

• 1 Kg is equal to 1000 grams--- 1 gram is equal to 1 divided by 1000 kilogram

• 1 km is equal to 1000 m--- 1 m is equal to 1 divided by 1000 km

• 1 metre is equal to 100 cm--- 1 cm is equal to 1 divided by 100m

• 1 cm is equal to 10 mm --- 1 mm is equal to 1 divided by 10 cm

• 1 litre is equal to 1000 ml ---1 ml is equal to 1 divided by 1000 ml

In Order To Convert
Bigge
r
s m al l uni t t o
er uni
multip t we
ly.

Smal
ler to
unit w bigge
e div r
i d e.