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    Lesson 2 Basic Hydraulics

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    chrisdaman2011
    The document discusses basic hydraulics concepts including hydraulic cylinder piston area, volume of cylinders, pump delivery, and cylinder speed. It provides formulas for calculating piston area, annulus area, cylinder volume, cylinder speed based on pump flow rate and piston area, and examples for finding cylinder speed given pump size and bore diameter or finding pump size given cylinder bore and required speed.

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    Lesson 2 Basic Hydraulics

    Uploaded by

    chrisdaman2011
    6 views12 pages
    The document discusses basic hydraulics concepts including hydraulic cylinder piston area, volume of cylinders, pump delivery, and cylinder speed. It provides formulas for calculating piston area, annulus area, cylinder volume, cylinder speed based on pump flow rate and piston area, and examples for finding cylinder speed given pump size and bore diameter or finding pump size given cylinder bore and required speed.

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    Basics of hydraulics

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    The document discusses basic hydraulics concepts including hydraulic cylinder piston area, volume of cylinders, pump delivery, and cylinder speed. It provides formulas for calculating piston area, annulus area, cylinder volume, cylinder speed based on pump flow rate and piston area, and examples for finding cylinder speed given pump size and bore diameter or finding pump size given cylinder bore and required speed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    6 views12 pages

    Lesson 2 Basic Hydraulics

    Uploaded by

    chrisdaman2011
    The document discusses basic hydraulics concepts including hydraulic cylinder piston area, volume of cylinders, pump delivery, and cylinder speed. It provides formulas for calculating piston area, annulus area, cylinder volume, cylinder speed based on pump flow rate and piston area, and examples for finding cylinder speed given pump size and bore diameter or finding pump size given cylinder bore and required speed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Basic Hydraulics II

    TF Introduction to
    Industrial Mechanic-Millwright
    Hydraulic Cylinder Piston Area
    In lesson one we learned that the Force
    developed by a cylinder is proportional to
    its piston Area and the Pressure applied.
    The area of the piston on the Rod-side is
    reduced by the area of the rod and,
    therefore, the force developed on the
    return stroke of the cylinder will be less
    than on the extend stroke.
    This rod-side area is called Annulus Area
    Area of a Piston
    Area = .7854 D²

    D = Area
    .7854

    Annulus area =
    Piston area – Rod area
    Volume of a Cylinder
    Volume (in³) = Area (in²) × Length (in)
    Used to calculate cylinder speed
    The volume on the rod-side of the cylinder
    will be less than on the cap-side because
    of the space taken up by the rod.
    This reduced volume will cause the
    cylinder to travel more quickly on the
    return than the extend stroke
    Pump Delivery
    The flow rate in a hydraulic system is
    determined by the pump.
    The flow rate into a cylinder will determine its
    speed.
    A Hydraulic Pump’s Out-put is usually given in
    gallons/minute (gpm) or litres/minute (lpm)
    A cylinder’s volume is given in cubic inches (in³)
    so we must know the relationship between cubic
    inches and gallons.
    One U.S. gallon = 231 cubic inches (in³)
    Hydraulic Pumps
    A fluid is pushed, not drawn, into a pump

    Piston Pump
    Hydraulic Pumps
    Fluid is carried from the Inlet (low
    pressure) side of the pump to the Outlet
    (high pressure) side.

    Rotary Pump
    Hydraulic Pumps
    Pumps do not pump
    Pressure; they create
    Flow.
    Pressure is caused
    by resistance to Flow
    Flow is measured
    either by its Velocity
    (fps) or its Flow Rate
    (GPM)
    Cylinder Speed
    The speed of a cylinder depends on its piston
    area and the rate of flow into it.

    Speed (in/min) = Flow (in³/min)


    Area (in²)

    Flow (in³/min) = Speed (in/min) × Area (in²)


    Flow:
    Area (in²) = Flow (in³/min) Volume/Time
    Speed (in/min)
    V/t

    S A

    Cylinder Speed Piston


    Speed of a Cylinder
    Example
    Find the speed of a cylinder if the bore is
    4” and the pump size is 8 GPM?
    Solution:
    First, convert GPM into in³/min:
    8 x 231 = 1848 in³/min
    S = V/t (flow) ÷ A
    S = 1848 ÷ .7854(4)²
    S = 147 in/min
    Exercises
    1. Find the speed (velocity) of a cylinder if
    the pump delivery is 3 GPM and the
    cylinder bore is 5” dia.

    2. Determine the pump size (GPM) if a 2”


    bore cylinder rod must travel at 120
    in/min.

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