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    Salivary Glands

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    Nyakie Motlalane

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Salivary Glands

    Uploaded by

    Nyakie Motlalane
    8 views11 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    8 views11 pages

    Salivary Glands

    Uploaded by

    Nyakie Motlalane

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    SALIVARY GLANDS

    Objectives
    BY THE END OF THIS PRESENTATION, LEARNERS
    SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
    -Describe the structure of the salivary glands.
    -Discuss the composition and secretion of saliva.
    - Outline the functions of salivary glands.
    STRUCTURE OF THE SALIVARY
    GLANDS
    • The glands are all surrounded by fibrous capsule.
    • They consist of a number of lobules made up of small
    acini lined with secretory cells

    BLOOD SUPPLY
    External carotid artery
    VENOUS DRAINAGE
    Jugular veins
    • The salivary glands are exocrine glands that produce saliva
    through a system of ducts.
    • The salivary glands release their secretions into ducts that
    lead into the mouth.
    • There are 3 main pairs;
    -the parotid glands
    -the submandibular glands
    -the sublingual glands
    PAROTID GLANDS
    • These are situated one on each side of the face , just below
    acoustic meatus.
    • Each gland has a parotid duct opening into the mouth at
    the level of the second upper molar tooth.
    • They are the largest of the salivary glands.
    SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS
    • These lie one on each side of the face under the angle of the
    jaw.
    • The two mandibular ducts open on the floor of
    the mouth, one on each side of the frenulum and the
    tongue.
    SUBLINGUAL GLANDS
    • These glands lie under the mucus membrane of the floor of
    the mouth infront of the submandibular glands
    • They have numerous small ducts that open into the floor of
    the mouth.
    • Approximately 5% of saliva entering the oral cavity
    comes from these glands.
    COMPOSITION OF SALIVA
    • Saliva is a combined secretion from the salivary glands and the small
    mucus secreting glands of the oral mucosa
    • About 1.5 Liters of saliva are produced daily and it consists of;
    -water
    -mineral salts
    -salivary amylase [digestive enzyme]
    -mucus
    -antimicrobial substances
    -immunoglobulins and the enzyme
    SECRETION OF SALIVA
    • Secretion of saliva is controlled by automatic nervous system [ANS]
    • Parasympathetic stimulation causes profuse secretion of watery saliva
    with relatively low content of enzymes and other organic substances
    FUNCTIONS OF SALIVA
    Chemical digestion of polysaccharides
    -Saliva contains the enzyme amylase which begins to breakdown the
    complex sugars , including starches , reducing them to the disaccharide
    maltose .
    -The optimum pH for the action of salivary amylase is 6.8(slightly acid) .
    Salivary pH ranges from 5.8 to 7.4 depending on the rate of the flow ;the
    higher the flow rate , the higher the pH .
    Lubrication of food
    -Its high water content means that saliva moistens and lubricates dry
    food to form a semi-solid bolus ready for swallowing.
    Cont ...
    Cleaning and lubrication of the mouth
    -An adequate flow of saliva is necessary to keep the mouth clean ,
    moist and pliable .
    *This also helps to prevent damage to the mucous membrane by rough
    or abrasive food.
    Taste
    -The taste buds are stimulated only by chemicals in solution and
    therefore dry foods stimulate the sense of taste only after thorough
    mixing with saliva.
    • THANK YOU!!
    Matsepe . M

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