Please Smoke Only Please switch off

in Designated your mobile

Areas phone

Emergency Exits Restrooms Ambulance

 TRAINING OBJECTIVE

At the end of this training you will be able to understand the confined space entry
process, and roles and responsibilities of different members of confined space
entry team.
You will be able to:

1. Define and identify a confined space;

2. Identify hazards & control measures related with confined space

entry;

3. State the requirements for confined space entry;

HSE DEPARTMENT
CONFINED SPACE
INCIDENT
CS INCIDENT, NON PETROJET / NON ARAMCO

HSE DEPARTMENT
CS INCIDENT, NON PETROJET / NON ARAMCO

HOW SIMILAR INCIDENT CAN BE

PREVENTED AT OUR WORK
LOCATION?

HSE DEPARTMENT
DEFINITIONS
What is a CONFINED SPACE ?

HSE DEPARTMENT
 What is a confined space…???

Large enough to allow workers to enter & perform work,

Has limited or restricted means of entry or exit,

Is not designed for continuous human occupancy,

Contains or has the possibility to contain a hazardous atmosphere,

HSE DEPARTMENT
 Examples of confined space

Tanks  Vessels
Manholes  Pipes
Boilers  Trenches
Furnaces  Tunnels
Sewers  Ducts
Silos  Storage tanks
Columns  Manholes

Trenches and Excavations having a depth of 1.2

meters or more are also considered as confined space.

HSE DEPARTMENT
 What is a confined space ENTRY???

Entry of any part of body into confined space is confined space entry,

Entrant: an authorized person who enters the confined space

HSE DEPARTMENT
CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS
 CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS

Oxygen Enriched Oxygen Deficient

Limited Access
Atmospheres Atmospheres

Flammable
Toxic Atmospheres Lack of Ventilation
Atmospheres

Slick/Wet Surfaces,
Poor Visibility Engulfment Hazards
Falling Objects

Extreme Hot or Cold

Chemical Exposure Noise
conditions

Other hazard like External activities,

energy, moving parts (heavy equipment,
etc., exhaust fumes)

HSE DEPARTMENT
 OXYGEN DEFICIENCY & ENRICHMENT

Above 23.5% VOL. AIDS EXPLOSION

O
DO NOT ENTER!
20.9 % …… NATURAL
2
OXYGEN Below 20 % CAUSE ASPHYXIATION….
DO NOT ENTER!

HSE DEPARTMENT
 FIRE & EXPLOSION

17
16 TOO RICH

CH4 15
14
13
U.E.L.
METHANE 12
11
10 EXPLOSIVE
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2 L.E.L.
1 TOO WEAK
0

HSE DEPARTMENT
 TOXIC ATMOSPHERE
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is the
• Pipeline Trenches WHAT IS ? chemical compound, It is colorless
• Valve Boxes gas with the characteristic foul
odor of rotten eggs, It is very
• Sumps poisonous, corrosive, and
WHERE H2STO flammable
• Sewers BE FOUND?
• Excavation
• Low Areas around
Platforms • Low concentrations –
irritation of eyes, nose,
HOW DOES
throat, or respiratory system
• Moderate concentrations –
HARM YOU?
• Fixed Detection System more severe eye and
HOW CAN YOU WORK respiratory effects, headache,
• H2S Gas Testing SAFELY AROUND ? coughing, and difficulty
• Personal H2S Monitor breathing.
• High concentrations –
• SCBA shock,, unable to breathe,
coma & death
• STOP WORK

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO • CHECK wind direction

IN AN EMERGENCY?
• Leave to the assembly
area/point
HSE DEPARTMENT
 TOXIC ATMOSPHERE

CO (PPM) EXPOSURE LEVELS

CO 35 PPM Permissible Exposure Level

35 – 1000 PPM Entry with breathing apparatus

CARBON
MONOXIDE Above 1000PPM Confined Space Entry not allowed

HSE DEPARTMENT
 CONFINED SPACE
HAZARD CONTROLS
 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PLANNING

Confined Space Entry Checklist should

be used by entry supervisor & permit
receiver / issuer to ensure all safety
requirements are met.

Confined space entry permit should not

be issued until all questions of checklist
are answered satisfactorily.

HSE DEPARTMENT
 ENERGY ISOLATION

Isolate energy sources:

Electrical:
Lock Out – Tag Out.

Mechanical:
LOTO

Process Piping:
Blinding,
Disconnect,

Hydraulic & Pneumatic:

Depressurize

HSE DEPARTMENT
 VENTILATION

Mechanical ventilation e.g. air movers

shall be used to ensure the removal of
all hazardous airborne containments in
confined spaces

HSE DEPARTMENT
 ATMOSPHERIC TESTING

Atmospheric gas tests shall be conducted as per GI 2.709. Gas testing shall be
performed by a trained & certified gas tester (ARAMCO Operation) by using
approved gas testing device.
At a minimum gas test shall be conducted for;
 Oxygen levels,
STI NG
 Hydrogen Sulphide, GA S TE
 Carbon Monoxide,
 LEL

HSE DEPARTMENT
 ATMOSPHERIC TESTING

Atmospheric gas tests shall be performed

and immediately recorded;

 Prior to entry (Initial Gas test),

 After breaks or after work interruptions,
 After any change in conditions,
 At periodic intervals (After every 2 hours)

HSE DEPARTMENT
 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT

Confined Space Entry Permit is

mandatory before entry into any
confined space;

Other permits may be required depending on

the type of work to be performed, e.g., hot
work permit or cold work permit.

HSE DEPARTMENT
 ENTRY LOG SHEET

Confined Space Entry log sheet should be used to keep the record of entrants inside
confined space,
Entry log sheet should be kept by Standby man and each entry and exit should be
updated immediately;

HSE DEPARTMENT
 COMMUNICATION

Standby man shall be provided with adequate means of communication to ensure

proper communication with entrants and with proper personnel in event of an
emergency.

Face to Face:
 Verbal,
 Hand Signals,

Electronic:
 Mobile phone,
 Radio, COMMUNICATION CODES FOR ROPE SYSTEM
 Bravo,
1 TUG OK Can be used to ask if OK & answer

Rope System: 2 TUGS Advance Give me rope

 OATH method,
3 Tugs Take up rescue rope I am coming up

4 Tugs Help Need Emergency Help

HSE DEPARTMENT
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Prepare for rescue:

 Rescue team & equipment availability,
 Site specific procedure,
 Team awareness & knowledge,

Never attempt a rescue unless you are

trained and equipped,

Atmosphere during rescue to be considered

as IDLH,

Standby man:
 Do not rescue,
 Notify emergency team & supervisor.

HSE DEPARTMENT
RESPONSIBILITIES
 CONFINED SPACE ENTRY SUPERVISOR

Each job that requires a confined space entry shall have a designated confined space
entry supervisor (CSES), responsibilities of CSES are listed but not limited to below;

 Use CSE checklist & ensure all CSE requirements are being
met,
 Communicate all requirements to entrants & standby man,
 Ensure proper work permits are issued,
 Verify entrants & standby man are properly trained,
 Verify confined space is properly isolated,
 Ensure gas test is being performed & recorded,
 Ensure entry log is being updated,
 Ensure means of communication is available,
 Ensure rescue equipment & team is available,
 Terminate entry in case of unsafe conditions,
 Ensure entrance is blocked/barricaded and “NO ENTRY” sign
is posted if entry is suspended.

HSE DEPARTMENT
 CONFINED SPACE STANDBY MAN

A trained & certified standby man shall be assigned at each designated entry point,
his responsibilities are listed but not limited to below;

 Shall continuously monitor the confined space entry,

 Maintain confined space entry log,
 Prevent unauthorized personnel from entering confined space,
 Maintain two-way communication with entrants,
 Never leave confined space, neither enter inside,
 Shall not perform any other activity,
 Communicate to CSES in event of an emergency,
 Order entrants to evacuate if;
1. An unsafe condition develop inside or outside confined space,
2. An entrant display abnormal behavior,
3. If standby must leave the area and no relief standby man is provided,

HSE DEPARTMENT
 CONFINED SPACE ENTRANTS
Only trained & authorized workers should enter confined space, Their
responsibilities are listed but not limited to below;

 Understand the effects of exposure to the potential

hazards,
 Understand proper use of required PPEs,
 Not to enter confined space until all precautions have
taken,
 Continuously communicate with standby man,
 Alert the standby man and/or exit the confined space
whenever,
1. An order to evacuate is given by standby man or
CSES,
2. Any sign or symptoms of exposure to hazards
appear,
3. An emergency alarm is activated,

HSE DEPARTMENT
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

If fire hazards exist, at least one fire extinguisher shall be

provided near each entry point, carbon dioxide fire extinguisher
should not be used in enclosed confined spaces,

Entry points shall not be blocked/obstructed while entrants are

inside,

Residual current devices (RCDs), including GFCIs and ELCBs

shall be used on all electrical equipment including portable
lighting,

Lighting shall be on a separate electrical circuit from other

electrical equipment and tools used in confined space

HSE DEPARTMENT
 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Compressed gas cylinders shall not be placed inside confined

spaces,

Internal combustion engines shall not be placed at a location

that could allow the exhaust to enter the space,

Flammable/combustible material should not be stored inside

confined spaces,

HSE DEPARTMENT
 With confined spaces, remember:
• Always follow the CSE permit procedure,
• Take all the necessary precautions to control hazards,
• Things can change very quickly when you are in a confined space,
• Never attempt a rescue unless you are trained and equipped,
• Do not become the next victim,

HSE DEPARTMENT
“ I hear , I know.
I see, I remember.
I do, I understand.”

HSE DEPARTMENT