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Renewable Energy
Sources -Importance of Non-Conventional Energy Sources -Advantages and Disadvantages of Conventional and Non-Conventional Energy Sources -Salient Features of Non-Conventional Energy Sources INTRODUCTION As the world's finite supplies of traditional fossil fuels are consumed at a voracious rate by a continually industrializing world, the development and use of non-conventional sources of energy is becoming ever more important for the future of the planet. Some research has shown that fuels such as oil and gas, and even nuclear, have a remaining lifespan of as little as 70 years Reasons to go for Non-conventional sources (i) The growing consumption of energy has resulted in the country becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas. (ii) Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future, which has serious repercussions on the growth of the national economy. (iii) Increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental problems. Hence, there is a primary need to use renewable energy sources like solar, wind, tidal, biomass and energy from waste material. They are called non-conventional sources of energy. Reasons to go for Non-conventional sources Those sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and will never be exhausted, are called non-conventional sources of energy. Non-conventional energy also called Renewable energy sources, are sources that are continuously replenished by natural processes. Though non-conventional energy sources, such as solar and wind power, make up a small part of the overall market, they offer benefits not found in traditional sources. Advantages of Conventional Energy Cost Security Convenience Disadvantages Pollution: not environmentally friendly When used on a longer run, can deplete soon: Conservation of fuel is desirable(for example, coal) Health hazards Safety issues (nuclear) Limited availability (Uranium)
Home assignment: Search for “coal in pharmaceutical uses” in google
Advantages of Non-Conventional Available in nature free of cost Eco friendly Inexhaustible Can be renewed with minimum effort and money. Low gestation period: Non-conventional energy sources require lower time for setting up the power plant as compared to conventional energy sources. Solar power plants and wind power plants have gestation period of 15 months and 1.5 years respectively. On the other hand, thermal power plants have a gestation period of 5-6 years. Disadavantages Availability in dilute form Cost of harnessing is high. Uncertainty of availability Difficulty in transportation Difficulty in storage. Energy chain • The sequence of energy transformation between primary and secondary energy (usable energy) is called energy chain. • 30-40% of World’s energy supply is met through electrical route. Environmental aspects of energy Trade off between energy and environment Ecology Green house effect Global warming Trade off between energy and Environment While supplying increasing energy demands efforts should be made to minimize degradation of environment. Thus there must be a trade-off between two. Green house effect The exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation that warms the Earth is often referred to as the greenhouse effect because a greenhouse works in much the same way. Incoming UV radiation easily passes through the glass walls of a greenhouse and is absorbed by the plants and hard surfaces inside. Weaker IR radiation, however, has difficulty passing through the glass walls and is trapped inside, thus warming the greenhouse. This effect lets tropical plants thrive inside a greenhouse, even during a cold winter. Green house effect A similar phenomenon takes place in a car parked outside on a cold, sunny day. Incoming solar radiation warms the car's interior, but outgoing thermal radiation is trapped inside the car's closed windows Green house gases The greenhouse gases include Water vapor CO2 Methane nitrous oxide (N2O) Hydroflurocarbons Sulphur hexafluoride Ozone Chlorofluorocarbons Global Warming Carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases act like a blanket, absorbing IR radiation and preventing it from escaping into outer space. The net effect is the gradual heating of Earth's atmosphere and surface, a process known as global warming. In a nutshell Global warming is the continuing rise in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and ocean’s surface due to green house effect. Consequences of Global warming Increase in global temperature Melting of polar ice caps, glaciers Extreme weather events Rise in sea levels Increasing acidity of sea water Health hazards like malaria, dengue Affects birds, plants and animal species Deforestation Affects marine life. Green Power The green power is used to describe sources of energy which are considered environment friendly, non- polluting, and provide a remedy to the systemic effected of certain forms of pollution and global warming IMPORTANCE OF NON- CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES The non-conventional sources of energy such as energy from sun, wind, biomass, tidal energy, geothermal energy and even energy from waste material are gaining importance. This energy is abundant, renewable, pollution free and Eco-friendly. It can be more conveniently supplied to urban, rural and even remote areas. IMPORTANCE OF NON- CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES The demand of energy is growing owing to the development. Due to the problems associated with the development of conventional sources of energy, the focus is now being shifted to renewable energy sources. India has potential of renewable energy source in abundance, which if developed properly can augment the growing demand of the energy. There is a need to make full use of renewable energy technologies to harness the untapped potential in cost effective manner and fulfil the energy demand. IMPORTANCE OF NON- CONVENTIONAL RESOURCES Agricultural residues, kitchen waste, cow dung, are excellent for use in anaerobic fermentation, which complements biogas production as it returns the necessary nutrients to the land in form of slurry. Thank you
