Lensometer Anusha

LENSOMETER
Presentation by
Vinay Kumar - 22ismo07
Anusha bayi - 22ismo09
● Introduction
● History
● Types
Concepts ● Parts
● Principal
● Optics
● Procedure
● Errors
HAND NEUTRALIZATION
What is hand neutralization?
Trial Lens Hand Neutralization two lenses neutralize each other when placed
in contact with each other so that the combined power of the two lenses is equal to
zero an unknown lens is neutralized by a known trial lens of equal power but
opposite in sign.
Introduction
● Lensometer is also known as Focimeter or Aerometer

● The main use of lensometer is to measure the back and front vertex of a
spectacle lens
● It is a device designed to measure the refractive power of the unknown lens in
the prescription format
● It measures spherical, cylinder with axis and also optical centre of the lens
HISTORY
 Antoine Claudet designed the photographometer in 1848. This device
was used for measuring the intensity of photogenic rays. In the following
year, he designed the focimeter that was used for finding the correct
focus in photographic portraiture.
 In 1922 the first projection lensometer was patented.

TYPES
Manual Lensometer Automated Lensometer

 It is used by any optometrist to find ● Auto lensometer measures the
the power of eyeglasses prescription of eyeglass lenses
 It can be carried anywhere ● It determine Sphere, cylinder,
 But a person need to have a better axis ,prism and distance between
idea to measure the power of lens by optical center
manually
FEATURES OF MANUAL LENSOMETER
 Accurate measurements with external power reading

 Dual power supply system
 Clear green illumination target
 Energy-efficient LED illumination
 Possibility of accurate centering and marking of lenses
FEATURES OF AUTOMATED LENSOMETER
 UV transmittance measurement Pupillary distance measurement

 Measurement of soft and hard contact lenses
 Space saving vertical orientation
 Full color tilt-screen for easy viewing while standing or seated
 Easily accessible menu to customize your settings
 Data output options including a built-in printer and USB ports
 Can be configured to interface with EMR systems
Manual Lensometer Automated Lensometer
PARTS
Manual lensometer
PARTS
 ON-OFF SWITCH: Power switch
 LOCKING LEVER: Used to raise or lower the position of lensometer according to user’s individual height.
 TABLE LEVER: To adjust the sitting height of lens
 THE EYEPIECE: It is mounted in a screw-type focusing mechanism. It plays an important role in the accuracy
of the reading. So, it is essential to focus the eyepiece on the individual eye of each user. The rubber guard
is used to prevent the scratching of the user’s eyewear .
 LENS STOP: Lens to be measured is placed
 LENS TABLE: The resting place for the spectacle frame while neutralizing lens power
 GIMBAL (LENS HOLDER): The lens holder holds the lens in place while taking a reading. Gimbal is a circular
piece that swivels with legs and touches the lens and holds it firmly for taking readings.
 AXIS WHEEL: It is used to orient and neutralize the cylindrical axis.
 FILTER LEVER: Used to engage or remove the green filter.

PARTS
 POWER DRUM: Power drum is a hand wheel with numbered scale readings between+20.00 to -20.00 Diopter.
It is used for reading refractive power of lens. The reading interval in scale is usually in 0.12 diopters steps
and the steps for higher powers are 0.25 diopters.
 MARKING DEVICE CONTROL (LENS MARKER): Pins controlled by the handle and used to spot (mark) the lens
either at Prism Reference Point or Optical Center.
 INK PAD: It holds the spotting ink. Pins of marking device control and ink need to be replaced and re-inked
regularly.
 CHROME KNURLED SLEEVE (LENSOMETER RETICLE ADJUSTMENT KNOB): It is used to rotate the lensometer
Reticle to orient the prism base.
 PRISM COMPENSATING DEVICE KNOB: Used to read prism amounts greater than five prism diopters. New
models of lensometer have an attached rotary prism to dial in 0 to 25 prism diopters.
Working Principle
Detailed explanation of how a lensometer works.
1. The lens being measured is placed against a lens stop, which is

positioned at the anterior focal point of the standard lens.
2. A target is located on the other side of the standard lens.
3. The target is adjusted back and forth until a clear image of it is
seen through the focal telescope.
4. This arrangement ensures that the dioptric scale is linear and that
the image size of the target is not affected by the power of the lens
being measured.
Optics
PROCEDURE
1. Switch on the lensometer.

2. Focusing eyepiece :- Rotate the eyepiece totally anticlock wise then keep the power drum at
zero diopter, now see through the eyepiece and slowly rotate the eyepiece in clock wise direction
until the miers (miers seen as cross) and the protractor will get clear and sharp.
3. Lens measurement :- Place the lens on lens holder and now see through the eyepiece you
will appreciate blur , now slowly rotate the power drum until the mires will get clear. Have to note
down the readings by seeing the power drum.
Cont…..
BLUR MIRES CLEAR MIRES MEASURING LENS
POWER
PROCEDURE
Determining the lens power
Spherical lens Cylindrical lens

If all the lines or dots of the target are in focus at
a given setting of the power wheel, the lens is
• Algebraically add the number
spherical, Marking the optical center shown now on the power wheel
1.Check that the center of the lens coincides with with the number previously
the center of the target. recorded as the sphere, this is the
2. When this is so, the lens is correctly cylinder amount, record the axis.
positioned and the optical center could be • To transpose the cylinder, rotate
marked. the axis 90 and start over
3. While there is no center dot, the whole set of
dots can be framed within the lines of the
graticule to locate the center.
4. Repeat the same procedure for the other lens.
Cont….
SPHERICAL AND CYLINDRICAL LENS
MIRES UNDER EYEPIECE
PROCEDURE Spero-cylinder lens
Step 1 (finding the spherical: power): Rotate the power wheel
until one set of lines (stretched dots) becomes clear. Start with
the higher positive power (or lower negative power). The axis
Determining the drum will need to be rotated to ensure that the lines are
unbroken. Note the power on the power wheel.
lens power Step 2 (finding the cylindrical power): Rotate the power wheel
until the second set of lines (stretched dots becomes clear. The
second power reading minus the first reading will give the power
of the cylindrical (and its correct sign).
Step 3 (finding the axis): Note the direction of the lines (stretched
dots) at the second reading. This is the axis. The rotatable line in
the graticules used to line up with the stretched dots to determine
the axis
Cont…
RECORDING LENS POWER
Write down the sphere power, cylinder power, and axis (if applicable) in the
appropriate format, such as "+2.00 -1.50 x 90" for a prescription with
sphere, cylinder, and axis values.
PROCEDURE
Determining the lens power
Measuring Bifocal Lens
 For measuring the distance correction of a bifocal lens, we want to
measure the lens at the optical center
 The optical center of a conventional bifocal lens is just above the

center of the horizontal line of the bifocal lens and read the near
correction from the center of the lower segment.
 For determining add power, turn glasses around to read from front
vertex.
TO DETERMINE THE ADD POWER ON A BIFOCAL
 Flip the bifocal over so that the lens stop of the lensometer touches the front surface of the lens
 NOTE: Remember the Base Curve and ADD segment are both located on the FRONT surface
of the lens.
 Adjust the lens so it touches the distance portion of the lens. usually start with the right lens.
 Record the power reading using the lensometer as you would in a single vision lens.
 The power reading is known as the Front Vertex Power for the DISTANCE/carrier Rx.
 Adjust the lens so that the lens stop is now touching the ADD/NEAR SEGMENT portion of the
bifocal lens.
 Record the power of this segment using the same procedure as before for the Distance Rx portion
of the lens.
 This power is known as the TOTAL NEAR Power.

RECORDING OF BIFOCAL LENS
 To determine the ADD power, use the following equation:
Near power = distance + add
Add = near - distance
Repeat it for other lens
 For example, if the Distance Rx was determined to be +2.00-1.00 x 180, and

the Total Near Power was +4.00 from lensometry, then the ADD power would
be
 : ADD power = Total Near Power - Distance Rx = +4.00 - (+2.00)+2.00 D.

ERROR
1. Calibration Issues: Lensometers need to be regularly calibrated to ensure accurate
measurements. If the device is not properly calibrated, it can lead to incorrect readings.
2. Dirt or Dust: Dust, dirt, or smudges on the lensometer's lens rest or measuring surfaces
can interfere with accurate measurements.
3. Improper Alignment: If the eyeglasses or lenses are not properly aligned with the
lensometer's axis, the readings may be inaccurate. Ensure that the lenses are positioned
correctly and that the axis is aligned properly.
4. Lens Tilt: If the lenses are not held vertically in the lensometer, it can cause errors in
prism measurements and other readings.
5. Incorrect Focusing: Lensometers require proper focusing to get accurate measurements.

If the focus is not adjusted correctly, the readings might be distorted.

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LENSOMETER

● Lensometer is also known as Focimeter or Aerometer

 In 1922 the first projection lensometer was patented.

Manual Lensometer Automated Lensometer

 Accurate measurements with external power reading

 UV transmittance measurement Pupillary distance measurement

 TABLE LEVER: To adjust the sitting height of lens

 LENS STOP: Lens to be measured is placed

 AXIS WHEEL: It is used to orient and neutralize the cylindrical axis.

 FILTER LEVER: Used to engage or remove the green filter.

Detailed explanation of how a lensometer works.

1. The lens being measured is placed against a lens stop, which is

1. Switch on the lensometer.

Spherical lens Cylindrical lens

 The optical center of a conventional bifocal lens is just above the

 This power is known as the TOTAL NEAR Power.

 For example, if the Distance Rx was determined to be +2.00-1.00 x 180, and

 : ADD power = Total Near Power - Distance Rx = +4.00 - (+2.00)+2.00 D.

5. Incorrect Focusing: Lensometers require proper focusing to get accurate measurements.

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