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FSM (Finite State Machine)

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43 views8 pages

FSM (Finite State Machine)

Uploaded by

saiprudhvibodempudi11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FSM (Finite State Machine)

Finite State Machines (FSMs) are essential in digital design as they provide a structured approach to modeling and controlling sequential
logic. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are versatile hardware platforms that can be programmed to implement custom digital
circuits. Therefore, FSMs are widely used in FPGA designs.

Understanding Finite State Machines


Before delving into the implementation, let’s briefly revisit the concept of FSMs. FSMs consist of a set of states, transitions between these
states, and actions associated with transitions. These machines are invaluable for modeling systems with distinct operational modes and are
widely used in applications ranging from digital controllers to communication protocols.

How to Implement Finite State Machines


Step 1: Define States and Inputs/Outputs
Step 2: Design the State Diagram
Step 3: Code the FSM in Verilog/VHDL
Step 4: Simulate the FSM
Step 5: Synthesize and Implement on FPGA
What is FSM (Finite State Machine)?

1 Versatile 2 Dynamic Behavior


ASM can represent complex It transitions between states based on
computational algorithms and processes inputs and current state.
in hardware.

3 Optimized Performance
ASM is used to optimize the hardware utilization for specific applications.
Implementing FSM using FPGA

Behavioral Modeling State Encoding Simulation & Synthesis

Assign binary codes to define


Describe the functionality and the states and transitions Simulate the FSM in software
behavior of the FSM using within the FPGA. and synthesize the design for
HDL. FPGA implementation.
Advantages of using FPGA for FSM

Flexibility
Modify and reconfigure the logic based on evolving requirements.

High Performance
Accelerate the execution of FSM designs through parallel processing.

Low Latency
Minimize the processing time for state transitions and logic operations.
Challenges and considerations

Complexity Resource Utilization

FPGA-based design may become complex Efficiently managing FPGA resources

with larger implementations. while implementing complex state


machines.

Debugging
Troubleshooting and debugging designed circuits on an FPGA can be challenging.
Algorithmic State Machines (ASMs): Building Complex
Digital Systems
•ASMs build upon the principles of FSMs.
•Both operate in a finite number of states and transition based on inputs.
•However, ASMs offer additional capabilities.

Imagine a Finite State Machine (FSM) as a simple control system, like a light switch. It has limited states
(on/off) and reacts to inputs (pressing the switch). Now, picture an Algorithmic State Machine (ASM) as
an FSM on steroids. ASMs inherit the core concepts of states and transitions but add a layer of
complexity. They can perform calculations, comparisons, and conditional branching, making them far
more versatile for intricate tasks.
Key Features of ASMs
•Data manipulation: ASMs can perform calculations and data comparisons.
•Conditional branching: They can make decisions based on conditions.
•Subroutines: They can call upon pre-defined functions (subroutines).
•Structured design: ASMs promote well-organized and modular code.

The true power of ASMs lies in their extended capabilities. Unlike the limited operations of FSMs, ASMs can
manipulate data, allowing them to perform calculations and comparisons. This opens doors for complex
decision-making. They can also implement conditional branching, where the flow of execution depends on
specific conditions. Imagine a vending machine – an ASM can compare the inserted amount with the product
price and decide if it's enough. Additionally, ASMs allow the creation of subroutines, reusable blocks of code
that further enhance code organization. Finally, ASMs promote a structured design approach, making the code
more readable and maintainable.
Benefits of Using ASMs

•Increased design flexibility: ASMs handle complex functionalities beyond FSMs.


•Improved code readability: Structured design promotes clear and maintainable code.
•Modular design: Subroutines allow for code reuse and easier troubleshooting.
•Efficient hardware implementation: ASMs can be efficiently mapped to hardware like
FPGAs.

Applications of ASMs
Digital signal processing
Telecommunication systems
Embedded systems
Robotics

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