Gender Perspective

GENDER
PERSPECTIVE
BY; PRECIOSS ZAYRA L. GERELINGO
WHAT IS GENDER PERSPECTIVE?
• The gender perspective focuses particularly on
gender-based differences in status and power,
and considers how such discrimination shapes
the immediate needs, as well as the long-term
interests, of women and men.
• In a policy context, taking a gender perspective

is a strategy for making women’s as well as
men’s concerns and experiences an integral
dimension of the design, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation of policies and
programs in all political, economic and societal
spheres, so that women and men benefit equally
and inequality is not perpetuated
WHAT IS GENDER SEN
SITIVITY?
• Is to understand and g
ive consideration to socio-cu
discriminations in order to ltural norms and
acknowledge the different
responsibilities of women a rights, roles &
nd men in the community
between them. Gender sen and the relationships
sitive policy, program, adm
activities, and organization inis
al procedures will: differen trative and financial
capacities, needs and priori tiat
ties of women and men; en e between the
ideas of both women and m sure that the views and
en are taken seriously; con
decisions on the situation of sider the implications of
women relative to men; an
address inequalities or imb d take actions to
alance between women an
d men
WHAT IS GENDER AWARENESS?
• Gender awareness is the “ability to view society from the
perspective of gender roles and how this has affected women's
needs in comparison to the needs of men” Thus, gender
awareness aims toward better health for men and women.
HI NK AND
Y W E T
WH
O TODAY?
AY W E D
E TH E W
BEHAV
SOCIALIZING AGENTS
• Institutions that shape an individual’s personality,

character, skills, norms, those which dictate one’s role
in society.
FAMILY
• Gendering starts at the time the Baby is born, the

family promotes gender stereotyping through the
following processes;
1. Manipulation
2. Canalization
3. Verbal appellation
4. Activity exposure
• SCHOOL
- Becomes a gender socializing factors through the
following
1. Textbooks and languages
2. Sex segregation and its practices
3. Curriculum
4. teachers
CHURCH
• The introduction of Church and religion lead the way
to a patriarchal culture, It becomes a gender socializing
factor through the following;
1. LEADERSHIP
2. BOOKS
3. PRACTICES
4. STRUCTURE
5. EXPECTATIONS
MASS MEDIA
• They promote an
unbalanced vision of the
roles of women and men in
society, gender stereotypes
presented in media play a
key role in gender
socialization.
1. Commercialization of women
2. Presentation of women s sex
object
3. Degrading portrayal of women
PEERS
• Peer relationships play an important role in the development

of a child's self concept and have a strong impact on how
children view the roles of males and females in our society.
1. Trends/ Style
2. Activity
3. Pressure
4. Expectations
STATE
- Created laws and policies
- Political and representations
- Structure and power
GENDER
STEREOTYPING
• the practice of ascribing to an
individual woman or man
specific attributes,
characteristics, or roles by
reason only of her or his
membership in the social
group of women or men
FEMININE
- Not aggressive - Emotional MASCULINE
- Dependent - sensitive
- Aggressive - Not talkative
- Independent - Tough
- Easily influenced - Verbal - Dominant - Cruel
- Submissive - Nurturing - Decisive - Analytical
- Easily hurt emotionally - Kind - Logical - Not easily hurt
- Home oriented - Home oriented - Strong - Blunt
- Weak - Talkative - Active - Not nurturing
EFFECTS OF GENDER BIAS
ON WOMEN
• MARGINALIZATION
- forces women into the periphery of
economic and social life and of the decision-
making process; diminishes value of
women’s activities through which they
contribute to the national development
process.
• SUBORDANATION
- one sex becoming inferior to the other.
Gender subordination is the institutionalized
domination by men of women (or vice versa).
Subordination is a power relationship.
EFFECTS OF GENDER BIAS ON
WOMEN
• MULTIPLE BURDEN
- the involvement in the three spheres of work—reproductive, productive, and
community management and governance. A person’s involvement in any of
these spheres, sometimes too much and sometimes unwillingly, lessens her or
his time for herself or himself, and for the things that she or he really wants to
do.
EFFECTS OF GENDER BIAS ON MEN
• Traditional stereotypes are difficult for many men to live up to.
They feel pressure to be a ‘real man’, to be physically and
emotionally strong, and be the main income earner.
• Many workplaces don’t offer men extended parental leave or
flexible hours.
EFFECTS OF GENDER BIAS ON MEN
• Men are more likely to drink too much, take unhealthy risks and engage in
violence.
• They are less likely to seek professional help or talk about their problems with
friends or family.
• Men are more likely to commit suicide.
MEN AND MASCULINITIES
APPROACH
• A “men and masculinities”

approach to promoting equality
between the sexes focuses on how
to address the male side of gender
equality including the ways gender
roles and stereotypes affect men
and boys' identities, behaviors and
expected roles and responsibilities.
G E ND E R
I SSU E S
REPRODUCTIVE WORKS PRODUCTIVE WORKS
-This includes child bearing, rearing, and care for - Activities carried out by men and women in
family members such as children, elderly, and order to produce goods and service either for sale,
workers. these task are done mostly by women. exchange, or meet the subsistence of the family
GIRLS EDUCATION
PRACTICAL GENDER NEEDS - Since the early 21st century, girls’ access to education
has leaped forward around the world. While girls’
- Refers to what women or men perceive as learning outcomes are improving faster than boys’,
immediate necessities almost two thirds of illiterate adults in the world are
women, and three quarters of children who are likely
never to go to primary school are girls
WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT (WID)
• The WID approach helped to ensure, the
integration of women into the workforce and
increase their level of productivity in order to
improve their lives. However some have
criticized this approach as being very western.
Since it is a perception of the global south from
global north perspective, as it fails to
acknowledge the collective and cultural concerns
of women in the developing world. It approach
has been tagged as being rather cumbersome on
women, as it fails to understand the dynamics of
the private sphere but focus solely on the public
sphere.
WOMEN AND
DEVELOPMENT
• WAD focuses specifically on
the relation between
patriarchy and capitalism.
The WAD perspective states
that women have always
participated and contributed
towards economic
development, regardless of the
public or private spheres.
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
• The diversity of this approach was open to the

experiences and need of women in the developing world.
Its two main goals were to prove that the unequal
relationship between the sexes hinders development and
female participation. The GAD approach is not just
focused on the biological inequalities among sexes: men
and women, however on how social roles, reproductive
roles and economic roles are linked to Gender
inequalities of: masculinity and femininity.
GENDER EQUALITY
• Gender equality is a fundamental human right and that right is

violated by gender-based discrimination. Gender disparity starts
in childhood and is right now limiting the lifelong potential of
children around the world – disproportionately affecting girls.
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!!
!

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GENDER

interests, of women and men.

• In a policy context, taking a gender perspective

• Institutions that shape an individual’s personality,

• Gendering starts at the time the Baby is born, the

• Peer relationships play an important role in the development

• A “men and masculinities”

• The diversity of this approach was open to the

• Gender equality is a fundamental human right and that right is

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