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As Functions

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Lucas Ribeiro
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10 views8 pages

As Functions

Uploaded by

Lucas Ribeiro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions

Functions and types of mapping


Types:

One to one Eg Many to one Eg


One y value for one x value More than one x value to a y value
(

Others that are NOT functions:

One to Eg Many to many Eg


many
more than one y value for an x A circle
value
Domain and Range
Domain: The set of x-values
Range: The set of y-values

Eg 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =( 𝑥 −1 )2 +3 , x ∈ 𝑅 Look at the graph

Any x-value will work but the y-values start at 3 and go up

Domain 𝑥∈ 𝑅
Range 𝑦 ≥3
Eg2 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =( 𝑥 −1 )2 +3 , 𝑥 ≥ 4

Look at the graph, as the domain is restricted the graph starts


at so the lowest y value is 12 𝑦 =12
Domain 𝑥≥ 4
𝑥=4
Range 𝑦 ≥ 12
Composite Functions
Eg 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =( 𝑥 −1 )2 +3 , 𝑥 ≥ 4 g
2
𝑓 g ( 2 )=( ( 3 ×2+1 ) −1 ) +3=39
2
Solve 𝑓 g ( 𝑥 )=8 4 →( ( 3 𝑥 +1 ) −1 ) +3=84
( ( 3 𝑥 +1 ) −1 )2 =81
( 3 𝑥+ 1 ) − 1=9∨( 3 𝑥 +1 ) − 1=− 9 → 𝑥=3 ( 𝑜𝑟 𝑥=− 3 )
2
𝑓 g ( 𝑥 )= ( ( 3 𝑥+ 1 ) −1 ) +3 , The restriction is now 3 𝑥 +1 ≥ 4
3 𝑥≥3
𝑥≥1
1
2
Also simplifying : 𝑓 g ( 𝑥 ) =( 3 𝑥+ 1−1 ) + 3 ,
2
𝑓 g ( 𝑥 )= ( 3 𝑥 ) +3 ,
𝑓 g ( 𝑥 )=9 𝑥 +3 , 𝑥 ≥ 1
2

Note the minimum of 𝑓 g ( 𝑥 ) should be the same asthe minimum of 𝑓 (𝑥)


2 2
Minimum of 𝑓 ( 𝑥 )=( 4 − 1 ) + 3=12 Minimum of 𝑓 g ( 𝑥 )=9 ×1 +3=12
Inverse of a Function
The inverse of a function is where the domain and range swap

By looking at the graph The inverse is the reflection in

By algebra Swap and and make the subject

2
Eg 𝑦 =𝑥 + 2 𝑥 + 4 , 𝑥 ≥ 𝑘
𝑦 =( 𝑥+ 1 )2 +3 , 𝑥 ≥ 𝑘
Inverse 𝑥=( 𝑦 + 1 )2 +3
2
𝑥 −3= ( 𝑦 +1 )

𝑦 =√ 𝑥 − 3 −1 note: no

𝑓 −1 ( 𝑥 ) =√ 𝑥 −3 −1
Now to ensure that there is no and therefore the inverse is a function and exists
We need to restrict the domain of the original function.
If then it will work so the smallest k is -1
Also the domain of the inverse is the range of the function and
the range of the inverse is the domain of the function i.e. range of this inverse is
Graph Transformations Using

Moving:
Up or down (ie by vector ) g ( x )= ( 𝑥 − 1 )2 +2
2
Up:
2
𝑓 ( x )=𝑥 + 𝑏 Down: 𝑓 ( x )=𝑥 − 𝑏
Sideways (ie by vector )

To the left: 𝑓 ( x )=( 𝑥 +𝑎 )2 To the right: 𝑓 ( x )=( 𝑥 − 𝑎 )2


2
f ( x )=𝑥
So by vector 𝑓 ( x ) =( 𝑥 − 𝑎 )2+ 𝑏
2
𝑔 ( 𝑥)=𝑥 + 4
Eg find the function when is translated by the vector

g ( x )= ( 𝑥 − 1 )2 +2
Eg find the function when is translated by the vector

g ( x )= ( 𝑥 − 1 )2 +2 ( 𝑥 −1 ) +3 +2
2
¿ 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 +1+2 𝑥 −2+5
2
¿ 𝑥 +4
2
By stretching:
g ( x )=3 𝑥

In the y direction by k
2
f ( x )=𝑥
In the x direction by k

Eg find the function when is s 2


f ( x )=𝑥

( )
2
𝑥
Eg find the function when is s g ( x )=
3

Note reflection in the for it does not change. 2


f ( x )=𝑥
reflection in the for .

2
g ( x )=− 𝑥

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